{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T12:01:39Z","timestamp":1726056099075},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783030323875"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783030323882"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32388-2_57","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,27]],"date-time":"2019-10-27T06:04:40Z","timestamp":1572156280000},"page":"695-711","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Robustness Analysis on Natural Language Processing Based AI Q&A Robots"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Chengxiang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingfu","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heyi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"57_CR1","unstructured":"Google assistant. \n                    https:\/\/assistant.google.com"},{"key":"57_CR2","unstructured":"Microsoft Cortana personal assistant. \n                    https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/cortana"},{"key":"57_CR3","unstructured":"Apple Siri personal assistant. \n                    https:\/\/www.apple.com\/ios\/siri"},{"key":"57_CR4","unstructured":"Amazon Alexa. \n                    http:\/\/alexa.amazon.com"},{"key":"57_CR5","unstructured":"IBM Watson. \n                    http:\/\/www.ibm.com\/watson"},{"key":"57_CR6","unstructured":"Baidu DuerOS. \n                    https:\/\/dueros.baidu.com"},{"key":"57_CR7","unstructured":"Alibaba Ali Xiaomi. \n                    http:\/\/www.alixiaomi.com"},{"key":"57_CR8","unstructured":"JD Instant Messaging Intelligence. \n                    http:\/\/open.jimi.jd.com"},{"key":"57_CR9","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-76298-0_52","volume-title":"The Semantic Web","author":"S Auer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Auer, S., Bizer, C., Kobilarov, G., Lehmann, J., Cyganiak, R., Ives, Z.: DBpedia: a nucleus for a web of open data. In: Aberer, K., et al. (eds.) ASWC\/ISWC -2007. LNCS, vol. 4825, pp. 722\u2013735. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-76298-0_52"},{"key":"57_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bollacker, K., Evans, C., Paritosh, P., Sturge, T., Taylor, J.: Freebase: a collaboratively created graph database for structuring human knowledge. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 1247\u20131250 (2008)","DOI":"10.1145\/1376616.1376746"},{"key":"57_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suchanek, F.M., Kasneci, G., Weikum, G.: YAGO: a core of semantic knowledge. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 697\u2013706 (2007)","DOI":"10.1145\/1242572.1242667"},{"key":"57_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"West, R., Gabrilovich, E., Murphy, K., Sun, S., Gupta, R., Lin, D.: Knowledge base completion via search-based question answering. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 515\u2013526 (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2566486.2568032"},{"issue":"1","key":"57_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1017\/S135132490000005X","volume":"1","author":"I Androutsopoulos","year":"1995","unstructured":"Androutsopoulos, I., Ritchie, G.D., Thanisch, P.: Natural language interfaces to databases-an introduction. Nat. Lang. Eng. 1(1), 29\u201381 (1995)","journal-title":"Nat. Lang. Eng."},{"key":"57_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, X., Long, F.: A survey of multi-modal question answering systems for robotics. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics (ICARM), pp. 189\u2013194 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICARM.2017.8273158"},{"key":"57_CR15","unstructured":"Zettlemoyer, L.S., Collins, M.: Learning to map sentences to logical form: structured classification with probabilistic categorial grammars. arXiv preprint \n                    arXiv:1207.1420\n                    \n                   (2012)"},{"key":"57_CR16","unstructured":"Zelle, J.M., Mooney, R.J.: Learning to parse database queries using inductive logic programming. In: Proceedings of the National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 1050\u20131055 (1996)"},{"key":"57_CR17","unstructured":"Wong, Y.W., Mooney, R.: Learning synchronous grammars for semantic parsing with lambda calculus. In: Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics, pp. 960\u2013967 (2007)"},{"key":"57_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, W., Ng, H.T., Lee, W.S., Zettlemoyer, L.S.: A generative model for parsing natural language to meaning representations. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 783\u2013792 (2008)","DOI":"10.3115\/1613715.1613815"},{"key":"57_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yih, W.T., He, X., Meek, C.: Semantic parsing for single-relation question answering. In: Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 643\u2013648 (2014)","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P14-2105"},{"key":"57_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yih, W.T., Chang, M.W., He, X., Gao, J.: Semantic parsing via staged query graph generation: question answering with knowledge base. In: Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, pp. 1321\u20131331 (2015)","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-1128"},{"key":"57_CR21","unstructured":"Jurafsky, D.: Speech & Language Processing. Pearson Education India (2000)"},{"key":"57_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ravichandran, D., Hovy, E.: Learning surface text patterns for a question answering system. In: Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 41\u201347 (2002)","DOI":"10.3115\/1073083.1073092"},{"key":"57_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brill, E., Dumais, S., Banko, M.: An analysis of the AskMSR question-answering system. In: Proceedings of the ACL Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 257\u2013264 (2002)","DOI":"10.3115\/1118693.1118726"},{"issue":"2","key":"57_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1145\/1229179.1229180","volume":"25","author":"J Lin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lin, J.: An exploration of the principles underlying redundancy-based factoid question answering. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. (TOIS) 25(2), 6 (2007)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. (TOIS)"},{"key":"57_CR25","unstructured":"Zigong environmental protection bureau insulted a reporter. \n                    http:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1603776993370451221"},{"key":"57_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119992691.ch3","volume-title":"Spoken Language Understanding","author":"Ye-Yi Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Deng, L., Acero, A.: Semantic frame-based spoken language understanding. In: Spoken Language Understanding: Systems for Extracting Semantic Information from Speech, pp. 41\u201391 (2011)"},{"key":"57_CR27","unstructured":"Li, P., et al.: Dataset and neural recurrent sequence labeling model for open-domain factoid question answering. arXiv preprint \n                    arXiv:1607.06275\n                    \n                   (2016)"},{"issue":"3","key":"57_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2014.2383614","volume":"23","author":"G Mesnil","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mesnil, G., et al.: Using recurrent neural networks for slot filling in spoken language understanding. IEEE\/ACM Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process. 23(3), 530\u2013539 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process."},{"key":"57_CR29","unstructured":"Liu, B., Lane, I.: Recurrent neural network structured output prediction for spoken language understanding. In: Proceedings of the NIPS Workshop on Machine Learning for Spoken Language Understanding and Interactions, pp. 1\u20137 (2015)"},{"key":"57_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yih, W.T., Richardson, M., Meek, C., Chang, M.W., Suh, J.: The value of semantic parse labeling for knowledge base question answering. In: Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, vol. 2, pp. 201\u2013206 (2016)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-2033"},{"key":"57_CR31","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24027-5_20","volume-title":"Experimental IR Meets Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Interaction","author":"P Baudi\u0161","year":"2015","unstructured":"Baudi\u0161, P., \u0160ediv\u00fd, J.: Modeling of the question answering task in the YodaQA system. In: Mothe, J., et al. (eds.) CLEF 2015. LNCS, vol. 9283, pp. 222\u2013228. Springer, Cham (2015). \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-24027-5_20"},{"key":"57_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller, A., Fisch, A., Dodge, J., Karimi, A.H., Bordes, A., Weston, J.: Key-value memory networks for directly reading documents. In: Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 1400\u20131409 (2016)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D16-1147"},{"key":"57_CR33","unstructured":"Zo. \n                    https:\/\/www.zo.ai"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering","Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32388-2_57","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,27]],"date-time":"2019-10-27T06:13:28Z","timestamp":1572156808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32388-2_57"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"ISBN":["9783030323875","9783030323882"],"references-count":33,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-32388-2_57","relation":{},"ISSN":["1867-8211","1867-822X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1867-8211"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1867-822X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 October 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"MLICOM","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Nanjing","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"China","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2019","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"6 July 2019","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"8 July 2019","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"4","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"mlicom2019","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/mlicom.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}