{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T18:58:10Z","timestamp":1780081090456,"version":"3.54.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":108,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030453275","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030453282","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-45328-2_12","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T13:15:56Z","timestamp":1596719756000},"page":"201-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Metabolism and Functions of Amino Acids in Sense Organs"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Guoyao","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"12_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Assaad H, Zhou L, Carroll RJ, Wu G (2014) Rapid publication-ready MS-Word tables for one-way ANOVA. SpringerPlus 3:474","DOI":"10.1186\/2193-1801-3-474"},{"key":"12_CR01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bachmanov AA, Bosak NP, Glendinning JI, Inoue M, Li X, Manita S et al (2016) Genetics of amino acid taste and appetite. Adv Nutr 7:806S\u2013822S","DOI":"10.3945\/an.115.011270"},{"key":"12_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Banik DD, Benfey ED, Martin LE, Kay KE, Loney GC, Nelson AR et al (2019) Multiple PLC\u03b2 signaling pathways in taste receptor cells contribute to the detection of bitter, sweet and umami stimuli. BioRxiv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/660589","DOI":"10.1101\/660589"},{"key":"12_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/14.2.249","volume":"14","author":"BG Birch","year":"1989","unstructured":"Birch BG, Kemp SE (1989) Apparent specific volumes and tastes of amino acids. Chem Senses 14:249\u2013258","journal-title":"Chem Senses"},{"key":"12_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e339","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70113-X","volume":"1","author":"RR Bourne","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bourne RR, Stevens GA, White RA, Smith JL, Flaxman SR, Price H et al (2013) Causes of vision loss worldwide, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health 1:e339\u2013e349","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"12_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0320294","volume":"32","author":"DD Bragg","year":"1953","unstructured":"Bragg DD (1953) An attempt to determine the cause of curled or deformed tongues in young Beltsville White turkeys. Poult Sci 32:294\u2013303","journal-title":"Poult Sci"},{"key":"12_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(97)00176-4","volume":"38","author":"JH Brandst\u00e4tter","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brandst\u00e4tter JH, Koulen P, W\u00e4ssle H (1998) Diversity of glutamate receptors in the mammalian retina. Vis Res 38:1385\u20131397","journal-title":"Vis Res"},{"key":"12_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06354.x","volume":"111","author":"BV Bui","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bui BV, Hu RG, Acosta ML, Donaldson P, Vingrys AJ, Kalloniatis M (2009) Glutamate metabolic pathways and retinal function. J Neurochem 111:589\u2013599","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"12_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-011-1671-2","volume":"269","author":"P Capaccio","year":"2012","unstructured":"Capaccio P, Pignataro L, Gaini LM, Sigismund PE, Novembrino C, De Giuseppe R et al (2012) Unbalanced oxidative status in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 269:449\u2013453","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"12_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00656970","volume":"123","author":"J Caprio","year":"1978","unstructured":"Caprio J (1978) Olfaction and taste in the channel catfish: an electrophysiological study of the responses to amino acids and derivatives. J Comp Physiol A 123:357\u2013371","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol A"},{"key":"12_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.84.3.403","volume":"84","author":"J Caprio","year":"1984","unstructured":"Caprio J, Byrd RP (1984) Electrophysiological evidence for acidic, basic, and neutral amino acid olfactory receptors in the catfish. J Gen Physiol 84:403\u2013422","journal-title":"J Gen Physiol"},{"key":"12_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80706-0","volume":"100","author":"J Chandrashekar","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chandrashekar J, Mueller KL, Hoon MA, Adler E (2000) T2Rs functions as bitter taste receptors. Cell 100:703\u2013711","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"12_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05401","volume":"444","author":"J Chandrashekar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chandrashekar J, Hoon MA, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (2006) The receptors and cells for mammalian taste. Nature 444:288\u2013294","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"12_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08783","volume":"464","author":"J Chandrashekar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chandrashekar J, Kuhn C, Oka Y, Yarmolinsky DA, Hummler E, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (2010) The cells and peripheral representation of sodium taste in mice. Nature 464:297\u2013301","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"12_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.01194.x","volume":"83","author":"E Chanut","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chanut E, Nguyen-Legros J, Labarthe B, Trouvin JH, Versaux-Botteri C (2002) Serotonin synthesis and its light-dark variation in the rat retina. J Neurochem 83:863\u2013869","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"12_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chao JR,\u00a0Knight K, Engel AL, Jankowski C,\u00a0Wang Y,\u00a0Manson MA,\u00a0Gu H,\u00a0Djukovic D,\u00a0Raftery D,\u00a0Hurley JB,\u00a0Du J (2017)\u00a0Human retinal pigment epithelial cells prefer proline as a nutrient and transport metabolic intermediates to the retinal side. J Biol Chem 292:12895\u201312905","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.788422"},{"key":"12_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.20724","volume":"95","author":"NV Chemuturi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chemuturi NV, Donovan MD (2006) Metabolism of dopamine by the nasal mucosa. J Pharm Sci 95:2507\u20132515","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"12_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-3623(97)00363-7","volume":"30","author":"A Do Carmo","year":"1998","unstructured":"Do Carmo A, Lopes C, Santos M, Proen\u00e7a R, Cunha-Vaza J, Carvalho AP (1998) Nitric oxide synthase activity and l-arginine metabolism in the retinas from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Gen Pharmacol 30:319\u2013324","journal-title":"Gen Pharmacol"},{"key":"12_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20081","volume":"55","author":"A Duboc","year":"2004","unstructured":"Duboc A, Hanoteau N, Simonutti M, Rudolf G, Nehlig A, Sahel JA et al (2004) Vigabatrin, the GABA-transaminase inhibitor, damages cone photoreceptors in rats. Ann Neurol 55:695\u2013705","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"12_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3700","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201701472R","volume":"32","author":"D Fajuyigbe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fajuyigbe D, Lwin SM, Diffey BL, Baker R, Tobin DJ, Sarkany RPE, Young AR (2018) Melanin distribution in human epidermis affords localized protection against DNA photodamage and concurs with skin cancer incidence difference in extreme phototypes. FASEB J 32:3700\u20133706","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"12_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-012-1330-y","volume":"45","author":"JD Fernstrom","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fernstrom JD (2013) Large neutral amino acids: dietary effects on brain neurochemistry and function. Amino Acids 45:419\u2013430","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"12_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)90777-4","volume":"499","author":"MH Fernstrom","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fernstrom MH, Baker RL, Fernstrom JD (1989) In vivo tyrosine hydroxylation rate in retina: effects of phenylalanine and tyrosine administration in rats pretreated with p-chlorophenylalanine. Brain Res 499:291\u2013298","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"12_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.03.009.2009","volume":"3","author":"J Fleischer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fleischer J, Breer H, Strotmann J (2009) Mammalian olfactory receptors. Front Cell Neurosci 3:9","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"12_CR22","first-page":"28","volume":"25","author":"J Fran\u00e7ois","year":"1972","unstructured":"Fran\u00e7ois J (1972) Ocular manifestations in aminoacidopathies. Adv Ophthalmol 25:28\u2013103","journal-title":"Adv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"12_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00429777","volume":"14","author":"R Frayser","year":"1978","unstructured":"Frayser R, Buse MG (1978) Branched chain amino acid metabolism in the retina of diabetic rats. Diabetologia 14:171\u2013176","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"12_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680500477347","volume":"31","author":"E Ganea","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ganea E, Harding JJ (2006) Glutathione-related enzymes and the eye. Curr Eye Res 31:1\u201311","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"12_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1815111","volume":"381","author":"ML Gantner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gantner ML, Eade K, Wallace M, Handzlik MK, Fallon R, Trombley J et al (2019) Serine and lipid metabolism in macular disease and peripheral neuropathy. N Engl J Med 381:1422\u20131433","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"12_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.02.016","volume":"140","author":"G Garh\u00f6fer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garh\u00f6fer G, Resch H, Lung S, Weigert G, Schmetterer L (2005) Intravenous administration of L-arginine increases retinal and choroidal blood flow. Am J Ophthalmol 140:69\u201376","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"12_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198501173120302","volume":"312","author":"H Geggel","year":"1985","unstructured":"Geggel H, Ament M, Heckenlively J (1985) Nutritional requirement for taurine in patients receiving long-term, parenteral nutrition. N Engl J Med 312:142\u2013146","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"12_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.03.055","volume":"297","author":"DA Godfrey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Godfrey DA, Chen K, Godfrey MA, Lee AC, Crass SP, Shipp D et al (2015) Cochlear ablation effects on amino acid levels in the chinchilla cochlear nucleus. Neuroscience 297:137\u2013159","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"12_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-59-15022","volume":"59","author":"CR Grau","year":"1945","unstructured":"Grau CR (1945) Deformity of the tongue associated with amino acid deficiencies in the chick. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 59:177\u2013178","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"12_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80313-X","volume":"18","author":"S Gustincich","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gustincich S, Feigenspan A, Wu DK, Koopman LJ, Raviola E (1997) Control of dopamine release in the retina: a transgenic approach to neural networks. Neuron 18:723\u2013736","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"12_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.2331\/suisan.51.461","volume":"51","author":"K Harada","year":"1985","unstructured":"Harada K (1985) Feeding attraction activities of amino acids and nitrogenous bases for oriental weatherfish. Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish 51:461\u2013466","journal-title":"Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish"},{"key":"12_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2018.e00544","volume":"4","author":"T Hasegawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hasegawa T, Ikeda HO, Iwai S, Muraoka Y, Tsuruyama T, Okamoto-Furuta K et al (2018) Branched chain amino acids attenuate major pathologies in mouse models of retinal degeneration and glaucoma. Heliyon 4:e00544","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"12_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1138364","volume":"188","author":"KC Hayes","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hayes KC, Carey RE, Schmidt SY (1975) Retinal degeneration associated with taurine deficiency in the cat. Science 188:949\u2013951","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"12_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S1059-1311(03)00082-7","volume":"13","author":"EJ Hilton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hilton EJ, Hosking SL, Betts T (2004) The effect of antiepileptic drugs on visual performance. Seizure 13:113\u2013128","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"12_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-019-02751-0","volume":"51","author":"YQ Hou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hou YQ, He WL, Hu SD, Wu G (2019) Composition of polyamines and amino acids in plant-source foods for human consumption. Amino Acids 51:1153\u20131165","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"12_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-015-1921-5","volume":"47","author":"SD Hu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hu SD, Li XL, Rezaei R, Meininger CJ, McNeal CJ, Wu G (2015) Safety of long-term dietary supplementation with L-arginine in pigs. Amino Acids 47:925\u2013936","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"12_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-46814-X_4","volume":"460","author":"PM Iuvone","year":"2000","unstructured":"Iuvone PM, Chong NW, Bernard M, Brown AD, Thomas KB, Klein DC (2000) Melatonin biosynthesis in chicken retina: regulation of tryptophan hydroxylase and arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase. Adv Exp Med Biol 460:31\u201342","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"12_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2016.03.005","volume":"77","author":"A Jaggupilli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jaggupilli A, Howard R, Upadhyaya JD, Bhullar RP, Chelikani P (2016) Bitter taste receptors: novel insights into the biochemistry and pharmacology. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 77:18\u201396","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"12_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21526","volume":"65","author":"F Jammoul","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jammoul F, Wang Q, Nabbout R, Coriat C, Duboc A, Simonutti M et al (2008) Taurine deficiency is a cause of vigabatrin-induced retinal phototoxicity. Ann Neurol 65:98\u2013107","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"12_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1991.01080110075039","volume":"109","author":"MI Kaiser-Kupfer","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kaiser-Kupfer MI, Caruso RC, Valle D (1991) Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina. Long-term reduction of ornithine slows retinal degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 109:1539\u20131548","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"12_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12015","volume":"96","author":"M Kalloniatis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kalloniatis M, Loh CS, Acosta ML, Tomisich G, Zhu Y, Nivison-Smith L et al (2013) Retinal amino acid neurochemistry in health and disease. Clin Exp Optom 96:310\u2013332","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"12_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1076\/0271-3683(200004)2041-5FT313","volume":"20","author":"Y Koshiyama","year":"2000","unstructured":"Koshiyama Y, Gotoh T, Miyanaka K, Kobayashi T, Negi A, Mori M (2000) Expression and localization of enzymes of arginine metabolism in the rat eye. Curr Eye Res 20:313\u2013321","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"12_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krauss GL (2009) Evaluating risks for vigabatrin treatment. Epilepsy Curr 9:125\u2013129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1535-7511.2009.01315.x"},{"key":"12_CR043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krebs HA (1935) Metabolism of amino acids. IV. The synthesis of glutamine from glutamic acid and ammona and the enxymatic hydrolysis of glutamine in animal tissues. Biochem J 29:1951\u20131969","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0291951"},{"key":"12_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27462D","volume":"90","author":"K Kurihara","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kurihara K (2009) Glutamate: from discovery as a food flavor to role as a basic taste (umami). Am J Clin Nutr 90:719S\u2013722S","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"12_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjq017","volume":"35","author":"M Laska","year":"2014","unstructured":"Laska M (2014) Olfactory perception of 6 amino acids by human subjects. Chem Senses 35:279\u2013287","journal-title":"Chem Senses"},{"key":"12_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9070653","volume":"9","author":"AA Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee AA, Owyang C (2017) Sugars, sweet taste receptors, and brain responses. Nutrients 9:653","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"12_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-017-2490-6","volume":"50","author":"P Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li P, Wu G (2018) Roles of dietary glycine, proline and hydroxyproline in collagen synthesis and animal growth. Amino Acids 50:29\u201338","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"12_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4692","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.072090199","volume":"99","author":"X Li","year":"2002","unstructured":"Li X, Staszewski L, Xu H, Durick K, Zoller M, Adler E (2002) Human receptors for sweet and umami taste. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:4692\u20134696","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"12_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.02.022","volume":"81","author":"ER Liman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liman ER, Zhang YV, Montell C (2014) Peripheral coding of taste. Neuron 81:984\u20131000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"12_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1578","volume":"68","author":"M Lu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lu M, Wu B (2016) Structural studies of G protein-coupled receptors. IUBMB Life 68:894\u2013903","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"12_CR51","first-page":"33","volume":"32","author":"RJ Mackay","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mackay RJ, McEntyre CJ, Henderson C, Lever M, George PM (2011) Trimethylaminuria: causes and diagnosis of a socially distressing condition. Clin Biochem Rev 32:33\u201343","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"key":"12_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2018.11.006","volume":"161","author":"J Masson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Masson J (2019) Serotonin in retina. Biochimie 161:51\u201355","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"12_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1038\/35007072","volume":"404","author":"H Matsunami","year":"2000","unstructured":"Matsunami H, Montmayeur JP, Buck LB (2000) A family of candidate taste receptors in human and mouse. Nature 404:601\u2013604","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"12_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-018-2594-7","volume":"50","author":"CJ McNeal","year":"2018","unstructured":"McNeal CJ, Meininger CJ, Wilborn CD, Tekwe CD, Wu G (2018) Safety of dietary supplementation with arginine in adult humans. Amino Acids 50:1215\u20131229","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"12_CR55","first-page":"45","volume":"6","author":"J Messenger","year":"2013","unstructured":"Messenger J, Clark S, Massick S (2013) A review of trimethylaminuria: (fish odor syndrome). J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 6:45\u201348","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"key":"12_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3759","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0611577104","volume":"104","author":"T Muto","year":"2007","unstructured":"Muto T, Tsuchiya D, Morikawa K, Jingami H (2007) Structures of the extracellular regions of the group II\/III metabotropic glutamate receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:3759\u20133764","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"12_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2013.12.005","volume":"33","author":"L Nivison-Smith","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nivison-Smith L et al (2014) Amino acid signatures in the developing mouse retina. Int J Dev Neurosci 33:62\u201380","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci"},{"key":"12_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12824","volume":"102","author":"LA Ostrin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ostrin LA (2019) Ocular and systemic melatonin and the influence of light exposure. Clin Exp Optom 102:99\u2013108","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"12_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.07.033","volume":"99","author":"B Pan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pan B, Akyuz N, Liu XP, Asai Y, Nist-Lund C, Kurima K et al (2018) TMC1 forms the pore of mechanosensory transduction channels in vertebrate inner ear hair cells. Neuron 99:736\u2013753","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"12_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parkinson D, Baughman R, Masland RH, Rando RR (1981) Dopamine metabolism following irreversible inactivation of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase in retina. J Neurosci 1:1205\u20131210","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.01-11-01205.1981"},{"key":"12_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2017.00107","volume":"10","author":"T Partearroyo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Partearroyo T, Vallecillo N, Pajares MA, Varela-Moreiras G, Varela-Nieto I (2017) Cochlear homocysteine metabolism at the crossroad of nutrition and sensorineural hearing loss. Front Mol Neurosci 10:107","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"12_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00173","volume":"4","author":"C Patel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Patel C, Rojas M, Narayanan SP, Zhang W, Xu Z, Lemtalsi T et al (2013) Arginase as a mediator of diabetic retinopathy. Front Immunol 4:173","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"12_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.21307\/ane-2017-067","volume":"77","author":"E Popova","year":"2017","unstructured":"Popova E, Kupenova P (2017) Interaction between the serotoninergic and GABAergic systems in frog retina as revealed by electroretinogram. Acta Neurobiol Exp 77:351\u2013361","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol Exp"},{"key":"12_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38954.631968.AE","volume":"333","author":"Porter","year":"2006","unstructured":"Porter, Scully C (2006) Oral malodour (halitosis). BMJ 333:632\u2013635","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"12_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36150","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/36150","volume":"2007","author":"JE Pulido","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pulido JE, Pulido JS, Erie JC, Arroyo J, Bertram K, Lu MJ, Shippy SA (2007) A role for excitatory amino acids in diabetic eye disease. Exp Diabetes Res 2007:36150","journal-title":"Exp Diabetes Res"},{"key":"12_CR066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rezaei R, Wu ZL, Hou YQ, Bazer FW, Wu G (2016) Amino acids and mammary gland development: nutritional implications for neonatal growth. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 7:20","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-016-0078-8"},{"key":"12_CR66","unstructured":"Ripps H, Sen W (2012) Taurine: A \u201cvery essential\u201d amino acid. Mol Vis 18:2673\u20132686"},{"key":"12_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-3042.2001.00723.x","volume":"80","author":"DA S\u00e1enz","year":"2002","unstructured":"S\u00e1enz DA, Cymeryng CB, De Nichilo A, Sacca GB, Keller Sarmiento MI, Rosenstein RE (2002) Photic regulation of L-arginine uptake in the golden hamster retina. J Neurochem 80:512\u2013519","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"12_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i25","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjh095","volume":"30","author":"A San Gabriel","year":"2005","unstructured":"San Gabriel A, Uneyama H, Yoshie S, Torii K (2005) Cloning and characterization of a novel mGluR1 variant from vallate papillae that functions as a receptor for Lglutamate stimuli. Chem Senses 30(Suppl 1):i25\u2013i26","journal-title":"Chem Senses"},{"key":"12_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27462I","volume":"90","author":"A San Gabriel","year":"2009","unstructured":"San Gabriel A, Maekawa T, Uneyama H, Torii K (2009) Metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 in taste tissue. Am J Clin Nutr 90:743S\u2013746S","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"12_CR70","first-page":"72","volume":"6","author":"IV Savitskyi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Savitskyi IV, Semenko VV, Serdiuk VM (2017) Metabolic correction of experimental diabetic retinopathy. J Ophthalmol (Ukraine) 6:72\u201377","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol (Ukraine)"},{"key":"12_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3799","volume":"49","author":"TS Scerri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scerri TS, Quaglieri A, Cai C, Zernant J, Matsunami N, Baird L et al (2017) Genomewide analyses identify common variants associated with macular telangiectasia type 2. Nat Genet 49:559\u2013567","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"12_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.07.082","volume":"322","author":"KU Schallreuter","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schallreuter KU, Wazir U, Kothari S, Gibbons NC, Moore J, Wood JM (2004) Human phenylalanine hydroxylase is activated by H2O2: a novel mechanism for increasing the L-tyrosine supply for melanogenesis in melanocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 322:88\u201392","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"12_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(81)90298-5","volume":"27","author":"SS Schiffman","year":"1981","unstructured":"Schiffman SS, Sennewald K, Gagnon J (1981) Comparison of taste qualities and thresholds of D- and L-amino acids. Physiol Behav 27:51\u201359","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"12_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(86)90035-3","volume":"16","author":"L Schweitzer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Schweitzer L, Casseday JH, Sjoerdsma A, McCann PP, Bartolome JV (1986) Identification of polyamines in the cochlea of the rat and their potential role in hearing. Brain Res Bull 16:215\u2013218","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"12_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Serre C, Busuttil V, Botto JM (2018) Intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of human skin melanogenesis and pigmentation. Int J Cosmet Sci:1\u201320","DOI":"10.1111\/ics.12466"},{"key":"12_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msg083","volume":"20","author":"P Shi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shi P, Zhang J, Yang H, Zhang YP (2003) Adaptive diversification of bitter taste receptor genes in mammalian evolution. Mol Biol Evol 20:805\u2013814","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"12_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00246","volume":"13","author":"MV Sim\u00f3n","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sim\u00f3n MV, Spalm FHP, Vera MS, Rotstein NP (2019) Sphingolipids as emerging mediators in retina degeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 13:246","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"12_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2007.10.007","volume":"19","author":"A Slominski","year":"2008","unstructured":"Slominski A, Tobin DJ, Zmijewski MA, Wortsman J, Paus R (2008) Melatonin in the skin: synthesis, metabolism and functions. Trends Endocrinol Metab 19:17\u201324","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"12_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19683-6_1","volume":"212","author":"AT Slominski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Slominski AT, Zmijewski MA, Skobowiat C, Zbytek B, Slominski RM, Steketee JD (2012) Sensing the environment: regulation of local and global homeostasis by the skin neuroendocrine system. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 212:1\u2013115","journal-title":"Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol"},{"key":"12_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solano F (2020) Metabolism and functions of amino acids in the skin. Adv Exp Med Biol 1265:187\u2013199","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-45328-2_11"},{"key":"12_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1038\/35098087","volume":"413","author":"DR Stevens","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stevens DR, Seifert R, Bufe B, M\u00fcller F, Kremmer E, Gauss R et al (2001) Hyperpolarization-activated channels HCN1 and HCN4 mediate responses to sour stimuli. Nature 413:631\u2013635","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"12_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mcb.2017.08.008","volume":"143","author":"I Stoilov","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stoilov I, Starcher BC, Mecham RP, Broekelmann TJ (2018) Measurement of elastin, collagen, and total protein levels in tissues. Methods Cell Biol 143:133\u2013146","journal-title":"Methods Cell Biol"},{"key":"12_CR83","first-page":"5","volume":"37","author":"R Thalmann","year":"1987","unstructured":"Thalmann R, Thalmann I (1987) Role of amino acids in the inner ear with special reference to tectorial membrane. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 37:5\u201310","journal-title":"Adv Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"12_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2012.08.009","volume":"103","author":"G Tosini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tosini G, Baba K, Hwang CK, Iuvone PM (2012) Melatonin: an underappreciated player in retinal physiology and pathophysiology. Exp Eye Res 103:82\u201389","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"12_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/7.5.839","volume":"7","author":"EP Treacy","year":"1998","unstructured":"Treacy EP, Akerman BR, Chow LM, Youil R, Bibeau C, Lin J et al (1998) Mutations of the flavin-containing monooxygenase gene (FMO3) cause trimethylaminuria, a defect in detoxication. Hum Mol Genet 7:839\u2013845","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"12_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-009-0470-3","volume":"195","author":"TC Tricas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tricas TC, Kajiura SM, Summers AP (2009) Response of the hammerhead shark olfactory epithelium to amino acid stimuli. J Comp Physiol A 195:947\u2013954","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol A"},{"key":"12_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/10915810490435622","volume":"23","author":"S Tsubuku","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tsubuku S, Hatayama K, Mawatari K, Smriga M, Kimura T (2004) Thirteen-week oral toxicity study of l-arginine in rats. Int J Toxicol 23:101\u2013105","journal-title":"Int J Toxicol"},{"key":"12_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109680","volume":"65","author":"D Valle","year":"1980","unstructured":"Valle D, Walser M, Brusilow SW, Kaiser-Kupfer M (1980) Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina: amino acid metabolism and correction of hyperornithinemia with an arginine-deficient diet. J Clin Invest 65:371\u2013378","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"12_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3899","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)97127-9","volume":"240","author":"A Veis","year":"1965","unstructured":"Veis A, Anesey J (1965) Modes of intermolecular cross-linking in mature insoluble collagen. J Biol Chem 240:3899\u20133908","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"12_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1095-185","volume":"11","author":"T Wang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wang T, Lawler AM, Steel G, Sipila I, Milam AH, Valle D (1995) Mice lacking ornithine-delta-aminotransferase have paradoxical neonatal hypoornithinaemia and retinal degeneration. Nat Genet 11:185\u2013190","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"12_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.3.1224","volume":"97","author":"T Wang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wang T, Steel G, Milam AH, Valle D (2000) Correction of ornithine accumulation prevents retinal degeneration in a mouse model of gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:1224\u20131229","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"12_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760000300361","volume":"32","author":"KI Watanabe","year":"2000","unstructured":"Watanabe KI, Hess A, Bloch W, Michel O (2000) Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase lowers the cochlear damage by lipopolysaccharide in Guinea pigs. Free Radic Res 32:363\u2013370","journal-title":"Free Radic Res"},{"key":"12_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1023\/B:DOOP.0000019487.88486.0a","volume":"108","author":"P Witkovsky","year":"2004","unstructured":"Witkovsky P (2004) Dopamine and retinal function. Doc Ophthalmol 108:17\u201340","journal-title":"Doc Ophthalmol"},{"key":"12_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-4327(91)90031-V","volume":"11","author":"P Witkovsky","year":"1991","unstructured":"Witkovsky P, Dearry A (1991) Functional roles of dopamine in the vertebrate retina. Progr Retin Res 11:247\u2013292","journal-title":"Progr Retin Res"},{"key":"12_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/b14661","volume-title":"Amino acids: biochemistry and nutrition","author":"G Wu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wu G (2013) Amino acids: biochemistry and nutrition. CRC Press, Boca Raton"},{"key":"12_CR96","volume-title":"Principles of animal nutrition","author":"G Wu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wu G (2018) Principles of animal nutrition. CRC Press, Boca Raton"},{"key":"12_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-817052-6.00027-6","volume-title":"Animal agriculture: challenges, innovations, and sustainability","author":"G Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu G (2020a) Management of metabolic disorders (including metabolic diseases) in ruminant and nonruminant animals. In: Bazer FW, Lamb GC, Wu G (eds) Animal agriculture: challenges, innovations, and sustainability. Elsevier, New York, pp 471\u2013492"},{"key":"12_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu G (2020b) Important roles of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and hydroxyproline in human nutrition and health. Amino Acids 52:329\u2013360","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-020-02823-6"},{"key":"12_CR998","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu G, Knabe DA (1994) Free and protein-bound amino acids in sow\u2019s colostrum and milk.\u00a0J Nutr 124:415\u2013424","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/124.3.415"},{"key":"12_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3360001","volume":"336","author":"G Wu","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wu G, Morris SM Jr (1998) Arginine metabolism: nitric oxide and beyond. Biochem J 336:1\u201317","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"12_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.3.489","volume":"134","author":"G Wu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wu G, Fang FZ, Yang S, Lupton JR, Turner ND (2004) Glutathione metabolism and its implications for health. J Nutr 134:489\u2013492","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"12_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2017.7338","volume":"30","author":"ZL Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu ZL, Hou YQ, Dai ZL, Hu CA, Wu G (2019) Metabolism, nutrition and redox signaling of hydroxyproline. Antioxid Redox Signal 30:674\u2013682","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"12_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E229","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1514282112","volume":"113","author":"W Ye","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ye W, Chang RB, Bushman JD, Tu YH, Mulhall EM, Wilson CE et al (2015) The K+ channel KIR2.1 functions in tandem with proton influx to mediate sour taste transduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 113:E229\u2013E238","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"12_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao GQ, Zhang Y, Hoon MA, Chandrashekar J, Erlenbach I, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (2003) The receptors for mammalian sweet and umami taste. Cell 115:255\u2013266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00844-4"}],"container-title":["Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology","Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-45328-2_12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,6]],"date-time":"2022-11-06T00:02:25Z","timestamp":1667692945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-45328-2_12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"ISBN":["9783030453275","9783030453282"],"references-count":108,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-45328-2_12","relation":{},"ISSN":["0065-2598","2214-8019"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0065-2598","type":"print"},{"value":"2214-8019","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 August 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}