{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T17:16:44Z","timestamp":1769361404758,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":117,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030469696","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030469702","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-46970-2_21","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T21:07:42Z","timestamp":1588712862000},"page":"429-452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Standardising Clinical Caremaps: Model, Method and Graphical Notation for Caremap Specification"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2528-8050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott","family":"McLachlan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Evangelia","family":"Kyrimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2829-8481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kudakwashe","family":"Dube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2924-0510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norman","family":"Fenton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"21_CR1","volume-title":"Nursing Documentation: A Nursing Process Approach","author":"P Iyer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Iyer, P., Camp, N.: Nursing Documentation: A Nursing Process Approach, 2nd edn. Mosby Year-book, St Louis (1995)","edition":"2"},{"key":"21_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gordon, D.: Critical pathways: a road to institutionalizing pain management. J. Pain Symptom Manag. 11(4), 252\u2013259 (1996)","DOI":"10.1016\/0885-3924(95)00169-7"},{"key":"21_CR3","volume-title":"Documenting Care Communication, the Nursing Process and Documentation Standards","author":"F Fischbach","year":"1991","unstructured":"Fischbach, F.: Documenting Care Communication, the Nursing Process and Documentation Standards. F.A. Davis, Philadelphia (1991)"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR4","first-page":"34","volume":"14","author":"L Comreid","year":"1996","unstructured":"Comreid, L.: Cost analysis: initiation of HBMC and first CareMap. Nurs. Econ. 14(1), 34\u201339 (1996)","journal-title":"Nurs. Econ."},{"key":"21_CR5","unstructured":"Trowbridge, R., Weingarten, S.: Clinical pathways. In: Shojania, K., Duncan, B., McDonald, K., Wachter, R. (eds.) Making Health Care Safer: A Critical Analysis of Patient Safety Practices. Evidence Report\/Technology Assessment, vol. 43. AHRQ, Rockville (2001). AHRQ Publication No. 01-E058"},{"issue":"12","key":"21_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1080\/14783360802351488","volume":"19","author":"P Gemmel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gemmel, P., Vandaele, D., Tambeur, W.: Hospital process orientation (HPO): the development of a measurement tool. Total Qual. Manag. Bus. Excellence 19(12), 1207\u20131217 (2008)","journal-title":"Total Qual. Manag. Bus. Excellence"},{"key":"21_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1177\/147322970200600302","volume":"6","author":"K Zander","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zander, K.: Integrated care pathways: eleven international trends. J. Integr. Care Pathways 6, 101\u2013107 (2002)","journal-title":"J. Integr. Care Pathways"},{"key":"21_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1136\/qhc.11.1.69","volume":"11","author":"A Morris","year":"2002","unstructured":"Morris, A.: Decision support and safety of clinical environments. BMJ Qual. Saf. Healthcare 11, 69\u201375 (2002)","journal-title":"BMJ Qual. Saf. Healthcare"},{"key":"21_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freeman, K., Field, R., Perkins, G.: Variations in local trust do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNACPR) policies: a review of 48 English healthcare trusts. BMJ Open 5, e006517 (2015)","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-006517"},{"key":"21_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s1","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814561600","volume":"152","author":"M Seidman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seidman, M., et al.: Clinical practice guideline: Allergic rhinitis. Otolaryngology - Head Neck Surg. 152, s1\u2013s43 (2015)","journal-title":"Otolaryngology - Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"21_CR11","unstructured":"Beskow, L., Dombeck, C., Thompson, C., Watson-Ormond, J., Weinfurt, K.: Informed consent for bio-banking: consensus-based guidelines for adequate comprehension. Genet. Med. 17(3), 226\u2013233 (2015)"},{"key":"21_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hennaut, E., et al.: Prospective cohort study investigating the safety and efficacy of ambulatory treatment with oral cefuroxime-axetil in febrile children with urinary tract infection. Front. Pediatr. 6, 237 (2018)","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2018.00237"},{"key":"21_CR13","unstructured":"RHW. Local Operating Procedures: A-Z Links (2019). https:\/\/www.seslhd.health.nsw.gov.au\/royal-hospital-for-women\/policies-and-publications"},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2002.122901","volume":"39","author":"J Holmes","year":"2002","unstructured":"Holmes, J., Sokolove, P., Brant, W., Kuppermann, N.: A clinical decision rule for identifying children with thoracic injuries after blunt torso trauma. Ann. Emerg. Med. 39(5), 492\u2013499 (2002)","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382a","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2016.1517","volume":"36","author":"L Downey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Downey, L., Cluzeau, F., Chalkidou, K., Morton, M., Sadanandan, R., Bauhoff, S.: Clinical pathways, claims data and measuring quality\/measuring quality of care: the authors reply. Health Aff. 36(2), 382a (2017)","journal-title":"Health Aff."},{"key":"21_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4158\/EP15672.GLSUPPL","volume":"21","author":"Y Handelsman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Handelsman, Y., et al.: American association of endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology: clinical practice guidelines for developing a diabetes mellitus comprehensive care plan - 2015. Endocrine Practice 21, 1\u201387 (2015)","journal-title":"Endocrine Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2017.1339887","volume":"56","author":"H Salmonson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salmonson, H., Sjoberg, G., Brogren, J.: The standard treatment protocol for paracetamol poisoning may be inadequate following overdose with modified release formulation: a pharmacokinetic and clinical analysis of 53 cases. Clin. Toxicol. 56(1), 63\u201368 (2018)","journal-title":"Clin. Toxicol."},{"key":"21_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McLachlan, S., Kyrimi, E., Dube, K., Fenton, N.: Clinical caremap development: how can caremaps standardise care when they are not standardised? Paper presented at the 12th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Systems and Technologies (BIOSTEC 2019), vol. 5. HEALTHINF, Prague (2019)","DOI":"10.5220\/0007522601230134"},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-011-0790-y","volume":"396","author":"H Kehlet","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kehlet, H.: Fast-track surgery: an update on physiological care principles to enhance recovery. Langenbeck\u2019s Arch. Surg. 396(5), 585\u2013590 (2011)","journal-title":"Langenbeck\u2019s Arch. Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"21_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2016.07.035","volume":"160","author":"I Solsky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Solsky, I., et al.: Perioperative care map improves compliance with best practices for the morbidly obese. Surgery 160(6), 1682\u20131688 (2016)","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"21_CR21","unstructured":"Zander, K.: Quantifying, managing and improving quality Part 1: How CareMaps link C.Q.I. to the patient. New Defn. 7(4), 1\u20134 (1992)"},{"key":"21_CR22","unstructured":"Holocek, R., Sellards, S.: Use of detailed clinical pathway for bone marrow transplant patients. J. Pediatr. Oncol. Nurs. 14(4), 252\u2013257 (1997)"},{"issue":"4","key":"21_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1057\/ejis.2013.9","volume":"23","author":"W Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li, W., Liu, K., Yang, H., Yu, C.: Integrated clinical pathway management for medical quality improvement based on a semiotically inspired systems architecture. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. 23(4), 400\u2013471 (2014)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Inf. Syst."},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1067\/mno.2000.101982","volume":"48","author":"E O\u2019Neill","year":"2000","unstructured":"O\u2019Neill, E., Dluhy, N.: Utility of structured caer approaches in education and clinical practice. Nurs. Outlook 48(3), 132\u2013135 (2000)","journal-title":"Nurs. Outlook"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-9472(99)90003-5","volume":"14","author":"S Bumgarner","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bumgarner, S., Evans, M.: Clinical Care Map for the ambulatory lapropscopic cholecystectomy patient. J. PeriAnaesthesia Nurs. 14(1), 12\u201316 (1999)","journal-title":"J. PeriAnaesthesia Nurs."},{"key":"21_CR26","unstructured":"Shiffman, R., Shekelle, P., Overhage, J., Slutsky, J., Grimshaw, J., Deshpande, A.: Standardised reporting of clinical practice guidelines: a proposal from the Conference on Guideline Standardisation. Ann. Internal Med. 139(6), 493\u2013498 (2003)"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2017.11.005","volume":"122","author":"C De Pietro","year":"2018","unstructured":"De Pietro, C., Francetic, I.: E-Health in Switzerland: the laborious adoption of the federal law on electronic health records (EHR) and health information exchange (HIE) networks. Health Policy 122(2), 69\u201374 (2018)","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001953","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001953","volume":"13","author":"L Piwek","year":"2016","unstructured":"Piwek, L., Andrews, S., Joinson, A.: The rise of consumer health wearables: promises and barriers. PloS Med. 13(2), e1001953 (2016)","journal-title":"PloS Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12614","volume":"47","author":"P Brennan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brennan, P., et al.: Surgical specimin handover from the operating theatre to laboratory: can we improve patient safety by learning from aviation and other high-risk organisations? J. Oral Pathol. Med. 47(2), 117\u2013120 (2018)","journal-title":"J. Oral Pathol. Med."},{"key":"21_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leape, I.: The preventability of medical injury Trans. In: Bogner, M. (ed.) Human Error in Medicine, pp. 13\u201325. CRC Press (2018)","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203751725-2"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000197035.12311.88","volume":"44","author":"E Naveh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Naveh, E., Katz-Navon, T., Stern, Z.: Readiness to report medical treatment errors: the effects of safety procedures, safety information and priority of safety. Med. Care 44(2), 117\u2013123 (2006)","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774518761627","volume":"15","author":"I Yelland","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yelland, I., et al.: Prevalence and reporting of recruitment, randomisation and treatment errors in clinical trials: a systematic review. Clin. Trials 15(3), 278\u2013285 (2018)","journal-title":"Clin. Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2005.07.037","volume":"139","author":"C Christian","year":"2006","unstructured":"Christian, C., et al.: A prospective study of patient safety in the operating room. Surgery 139(2), 159\u2013173 (2006)","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"21_CR34","unstructured":"Gu, X., Liu, H., Itoh, K.: Inter-department patient handoff quality and its contributing factors in Chinese hospitals. Cogn. Technol. Work 1(11), 133\u2013143 (2018)"},{"key":"21_CR35","unstructured":"Valenstein, P.: Formatting pathology reports: applying four design principles to improve communication and patient safety. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 132(1), 84\u201394 (2008)"},{"key":"21_CR36","unstructured":"McLachlan, S.: The largest single barrier to Learning Health Systems. A presentation at the 2nd Annual Pambayesian Workshop Event. Queen Mary University of London, London (2019)"},{"key":"21_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lrh2.10189","author":"S McLachlan","year":"2019","unstructured":"McLachlan, S., et al.: A framework for analysing learning health systems: are we removing the most impactful barriers? Learn. Health Syst. (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lrh2.10189","journal-title":"Learn. Health Syst."},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.12968\/bjcn.2013.18.3.140","volume":"18","author":"A McDonald","year":"2013","unstructured":"McDonald, A., Frazer, K., Cowley, D.: Caseload management: an approach to making community needs visible. Br. J. Commun. Nurs. 18(3), 140\u2013147 (2013)","journal-title":"Br. J. Commun. Nurs."},{"issue":"4","key":"21_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-304463","volume":"99","author":"S Mitchell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mitchell, S., Plunkett, A., Dale, J.: Use of formal advance care planning documents: a national survey of UK Paediatric Intensive Care units. Arch. Disease Childhood 99(4), 327\u2013330 (2014)","journal-title":"Arch. Disease Childhood"},{"key":"21_CR40","unstructured":"Appleby, J., Raleigh, V., Frosini, F., Bevan, G., Gao, H., Slay, J.: Variations in healthcare: the good, the bad and the inexplicable (2011)"},{"key":"21_CR41","unstructured":"Zarzuela, S., Ruttan-Sims, N., Nagatakiya, L., DeMerchant, K.: Defining standardisation in healthcare. Mohawk Shared Serv. 15 (2015)"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzu010","volume":"26","author":"A Leotsakos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Leotsakos, A., et al.: Standardisation in patient safety: the WHO High 5\u2019s project. Int. J. Qual. Health Care 26(2), 109\u2013116 (2014)","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Health Care"},{"key":"21_CR43","unstructured":"Corbett, E.: Standardised care vs. personalisation: can they coexist? Quality and process improvement. Health Catalyst (2016). https:\/\/www.healthcatalyst.com\/standardized-care-vs-personalization-can-they-coexist"},{"key":"21_CR44","unstructured":"Giffin, M., Giffin, R.: Market memo: critical pathways produce tangible results. Health Care Strategy Manag. 12(7), 1\u201317 (1994)"},{"key":"21_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rotter, T., et al.: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of clinical pathways on length of stay, hospital costs and patient outcomes. BMC Health Serv. Res. 8, 265 (2008)","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-8-265"},{"key":"21_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keyhani, S., Falk, R., Howell, E., Bishop, T., Korenstein, D.: Overuse and systems of care: a systematic review. Med. Care 51(6) (2014)","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31828dbafe"},{"key":"21_CR47","unstructured":"Martin, E.: Eliminating waste in healthcare. ASQ Healthcare Update 14 (2014)"},{"key":"21_CR48","unstructured":"Blind, K.: The impact of standardisation and standards on innovation (2013)"},{"key":"21_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crandall, R., Graham, J.: The effect of fuel economy standards on automobile safety. J. Law Econ. 32(1), 97\u2013118 (1989)","DOI":"10.1086\/467170"},{"key":"21_CR50","unstructured":"Curey, R., Ash, M., Thielman, L., Barker, C.: Proposed IEEE inertial systems terminology standard and other inertial sensor standards. Paper presented at the PLANS 2004. Position Location and Navigation Symposium, Monterey, CA (2004)"},{"issue":"6","key":"21_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2850.2003.00649.x","volume":"10","author":"A Jones","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jones, A.: Perceptions on the development of a care pathway for people diagnosed with schizophrenia on acute psychiatric units. J. Psychiatric Mental Health Nurs. 10(6), 669\u2013677 (2003)","journal-title":"J. Psychiatric Mental Health Nurs."},{"issue":"4","key":"21_CR52","first-page":"397","volume":"37","author":"S Hoag","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hoag, S., Ramachandruni, H., Shangraw, R.: Failure of Prescription Prenatal Vitamin Products to Meet USP Standards for Folic Acid Dissolution: six of nine vitamin products tested failed to meet USP standards for folic acid dissolution. J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. 37(4), 397\u2013400 (1997)","journal-title":"J. Am. Pharm. Assoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.09.23","volume":"8","author":"J Milstien","year":"2009","unstructured":"Milstien, J., Costa, A., Jadhav, S., Dhere, R.: Reaching international GMP standards for vaccine production: challenges for developing countries. Expert Rev. Vaccines 8(5), 559\u2013566 (2009)","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1075\/term.4.1.05vri","volume":"4","author":"H de Vries","year":"1997","unstructured":"de Vries, H.: Standardisation - what\u2019s in a name? Terminolog 4(1), 55\u201383 (1997)","journal-title":"Terminolog"},{"key":"21_CR55","unstructured":"ISO\/IEC. Standardisation and Related Activities - General Vocabulary (2004). Retrieved from: Geneva"},{"key":"21_CR56","unstructured":"Blind, K.: Standardisation: A catalyst for innovation. Retrieved from: Rotterdam, Netherlands (2009)"},{"key":"21_CR57","unstructured":"OECD. Oslo Manual: Guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data (2005). Retrieved from: Paris"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.57229\/2373-1761.1087","volume":"7","author":"W Baumol","year":"2002","unstructured":"Baumol, W.: Entrepreneurship, innovation and growth: the David-Goliath symbiosis. J. Entrepreneurial Finance 7(2), 1\u201310 (2002)","journal-title":"J. Entrepreneurial Finance"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"21_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1625(99)00104-3","volume":"64","author":"R Allen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Allen, R., Sriram, R.: The role of standards in innovation. Technol. Forecasting Soc. Change 64(2\u20133), 171\u2013181 (2000)","journal-title":"Technol. Forecasting Soc. Change"},{"key":"21_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Egyedi, T., Sherif, M.: Standards\u2019 dynamics through an innovation lens: next generation ethernet networks. Paper presented at the First ITU-T Kaleidoscope Academic Conference-Innovations in NGN: Future Network and Services (2008)","DOI":"10.1109\/KINGN.2008.4542258"},{"key":"21_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reddy, N., Cort, S., Lambert, D.: Industrywide technical product standards. R & D Manag. 19(1), 13\u201325 (1989)","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9310.1989.tb00613.x"},{"key":"21_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams, K., Ford, R., Bishop, I., Loiterton, D., Hickey, J.: Realism and selectivity in data-driven visualisations: a process for developing viewer-oriented landscape surrogates. Landscape Urban Plan. 81, 213\u2013224 (2007)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2006.11.008"},{"issue":"7","key":"21_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1080\/09537325.2011.592265","volume":"23","author":"R Williams","year":"2011","unstructured":"Williams, R., Graham, I., Jakobs, K., Lyytinen, K.: China and Global ICT standardisation and innovation. Technol. Anal. Strategic Manag. 23(7), 715\u2013724 (2011)","journal-title":"Technol. Anal. Strategic Manag."},{"key":"21_CR64","unstructured":"Cargill, C.: A five-segment model for standardization Trans. In: Kahin, B., Abbate, J. (eds.) Standards Policy for Information Infrastructure. MIT Press, Cambridge (1995)"},{"key":"21_CR65","unstructured":"Belleflamme, P.: Coordination on formal vs. de facto standards: a dynamic approach. Eur. J. Polit. Econ. 18(1), 153\u2013176 (2002)"},{"key":"21_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-7333(00)00133-5","volume":"30","author":"B Tether","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tether, B., Hipp, C., Miles, I.: Standardisation and particularisation in services: evidence from Germany. Res. Policy 30, 1115\u20131138 (2001)","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"issue":"11","key":"21_CR67","first-page":"28","volume":"139","author":"J Kosawatz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kosawatz, J.: Rekindling the spark. Mech. Eng. Mag. Sel. Art. 139(11), 28\u201333 (2017)","journal-title":"Mech. Eng. Mag. Sel. Art."},{"key":"21_CR68","unstructured":"Mazda. Performance: Skyactiv-X (2019). https:\/\/www.mazda.com.au\/imagination-drives-us\/performance\u2014skyactiv-x\/"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.19206\/CE-2017-225","volume":"169","author":"H Mizuno","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mizuno, H.: Nissan gasoline engine strategy for higher thermal efficiency. Combust. Engines 169(2), 141\u2013145 (2017)","journal-title":"Combust. Engines"},{"key":"21_CR70","unstructured":"Chrisafis, A., Vaughan, A.: France to ban sales of petrol and diesel cars by 2040. Guardian (2017). https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/business\/2017\/jul\/06\/france-ban-petrol-diesel-cars-2040-emmanuel-macron-volvo"},{"key":"21_CR71","unstructured":"Coren, M.: Nine countries say they\u2019ll ban internal combustion engines. So far, it\u2019s just words (2018). https:\/\/qz.com\/1341155\/nine-countries-say-they-will-ban-internal-combustion-engines-none-have-a-law-to-do-so\/"},{"key":"21_CR72","unstructured":"Timmermans, S., Angell, A.: Evidence-based medicine, clinical uncertainty, and learning to doctor. J. Health Soc. Behav. 42, 342\u2013359 (2001)"},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/01376517-199210000-00010","volume":"24","author":"J Marr","year":"1992","unstructured":"Marr, J., Reid, B.: Implementing managed care and case management: the neuroscience experience. J. Neurosci. Nurs. 24(5), 281\u2013285 (1992)","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Nurs."},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199310000-00005","volume":"7","author":"D Ogilvie-Harris","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ogilvie-Harris, D., Botsford, D., Hawker, R.: Elderly patients with hip fractures: improving outcomes with the use of care maps with high-quality medical and nursing protocols. J. Orthopaedic Trauma 7(5), 428\u2013437 (1993)","journal-title":"J. Orthopaedic Trauma"},{"key":"21_CR75","unstructured":"WIlson, D.: Effect of managed care on selected outcomes of hospitalised surgical patients. (Master of Nursing), University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada (1995)"},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1097\/00005110-199305000-00007","volume":"23","author":"D Hampton","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hampton, D.: Implementing a managed care framework through care maps. J. Nurs. Adm. 23(5), 21\u201327 (1993)","journal-title":"J. Nurs. Adm."},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR77","first-page":"809","volume":"86","author":"M Blegen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Blegen, M., Reiter, R., Goode, C., Murphy, R.: Outcomes of hospital-based managed care: a multivariate analysis of cost and quality. Manag. Care: Obstetrics Gynaecol. 86(5), 809\u2013814 (1995)","journal-title":"Manag. Care: Obstetrics Gynaecol."},{"issue":"36","key":"21_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.7748\/ns2004.05.18.36.42.c3613","volume":"18","author":"B Houltram","year":"2004","unstructured":"Houltram, B., Scanlan, M.: Care maps: atypical antipsychotics. Nurs. Standard 18(36), 42\u201344 (2004)","journal-title":"Nurs. Standard"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1071\/AH000068","volume":"23","author":"C Dickinson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dickinson, C., Noud, M., Triggs, R., Turner, L., Wilson, S.: The antenatal ward care delivery map: a team model approach. Aust. Health Rev. 23(3), 68\u201377 (2000)","journal-title":"Aust. Health Rev."},{"key":"21_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2850.1998.00094.x","volume":"5","author":"A Jones","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jones, A., Norman, I.: Managed mental health care: problems and possibilities. J. Psychiatric Mental Health Nurs. 5, 21\u201331 (1998)","journal-title":"J. Psychiatric Mental Health Nurs."},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02752302","volume":"65","author":"A Schwoebel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Schwoebel, A.: Care mapping: a common sense approach. Indian J. Pediatr. 65(2), 257\u2013264 (1998)","journal-title":"Indian J. Pediatr."},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1067\/men.2001.118460","volume":"27","author":"P Philie","year":"2001","unstructured":"Philie, P.: Management of blood-borne fluid exposures with a rapid treatment prophylactic caremap: one hospital\u2019s four-year experience. J. Emergency Nurs. 27(5), 440\u2013449 (2001)","journal-title":"J. Emergency Nurs."},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc1996.5.5.346","volume":"5","author":"D Griffith","year":"1996","unstructured":"Griffith, D., Hampton, D., Switzer, M., Daniels, J.: Facilitating the recovery of open-heart surgery patients through quality improvement efforts and CareMAP implementation. Am. J. Critical Care 5(5), 346\u2013352 (1996)","journal-title":"Am. J. Critical Care"},{"key":"21_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saint-Jacques, H., Burroughs, V., Watkowska, J., Valcarcel, M., Moreno, P., Maw, M.: Acute coronary syndrome critical pathway: chest PAIN caremap. A qualitative research study provider-level intervention. Critical Pathways Cardiol. 4(3), 145\u2013604 (2005)","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hpc.0000175896.05417.5e"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3148\/cjdpr-2014-005","volume":"75","author":"D Royall","year":"2014","unstructured":"Royall, D., et al.: Development of a dietary management care map for metabolic syndrome. Can. J. Dietetic Practice Res. 75(3), 132\u2013139 (2014)","journal-title":"Can. J. Dietetic Practice Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpem.2011.04.003","volume":"12","author":"G Thompson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thompson, G., deForest, E., Eccles, R.: Ensuring diagnostic accuracy in pediatric emergency medicine. Clin. Pediatric Emergency Med. 12(2), 121\u2013132 (2011)","journal-title":"Clin. Pediatric Emergency Med."},{"key":"21_CR87","unstructured":"Yazbeck, A.: Reengineering of business functions of the hospital when implementing care pathways. Ph.D. University of Ljubljana (2014)"},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.04.048","volume":"80","author":"E Chan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chan, E., Russell, J., Williams, W., Van Arsdell, G., Coles, J., McCrindle, B.: Postoperative chylothorax after cardiothoracic surgery in children. Ann. Thoracic Surg. 80(5), 1864\u20131870 (2005)","journal-title":"Ann. Thoracic Surg."},{"key":"21_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"deForest, E., Thompson, G.: Advanced nursing directives: integrating validated clinical scoring systems into nursing care in the pediatric emergency department. Nurs. Res. Practice (2012)","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/596393"},{"key":"21_CR90","unstructured":"BCCancer. Gallbladder: 3 Primary Surgical Therapy. http:\/\/www.bccancer.bc.ca\/books\/gallbladder"},{"key":"21_CR91","unstructured":"WAHealth. Diagnostic Imaging Pathways: Bleeding (First Trimester)"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR92","first-page":"58","volume":"68","author":"J Sackman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sackman, J., Citrin, L.: Cracking down on the cost outliers. Healthcare Finance Manag. 68(3), 58\u201363 (2014)","journal-title":"Healthcare Finance Manag."},{"key":"21_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chu, S., Cesnik, B.: Improving clinical pathway design: lessons learned from a computerised prototype. Int. J. Med. Inform. 51, 1\u201311 (1998)","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-5056(98)00003-3"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR94","first-page":"112","volume":"16","author":"V Panz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Panz, V., Raal, F., Paiker, J., Immelman, R., Miles, H.: Performance of the CardioChek (TM) PA and Cholestech LDX (R) point-of-care analysers compared to clinical diagnostic laboratory methods for measurement of lipids: cardiovascular topic. Cardiovascular J. South Africa 16(2), 112\u2013116 (2005)","journal-title":"Cardiovascular J. South Africa"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR95","first-page":"1169","volume":"160","author":"U Hubner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hubner, U., et al.: The need for standardised documents in continuity of care: results of standardising the eNurse summary. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 160(2), 1169\u20131173 (2010)","journal-title":"Stud. Health Technol. Inform."},{"key":"21_CR96","unstructured":"NHS. Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF), enhanced services and core contract extraction specifications (2018). https:\/\/digital.nhs.uk\/data-and-information\/data-collections-and-data-sets\/data-collections\/quality-and-outcomes-framework-qof"},{"key":"21_CR97","unstructured":"NHS. Commission for Quality and Innovation (2019). https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/nhs-standard-contract\/cquin\/"},{"key":"21_CR98","unstructured":"NICE. Standards and Indicators (2018). https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/standards-and-indicators"},{"issue":"6","key":"21_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2009.12.023","volume":"47","author":"I Ilott","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ilott, I., Booth, A., Rick, J., Patterson, M.: How do nurses, midwives and health visitors contribute to protocol-based care? A synthesis of the UK literature. Int. J. Nurs. Stud. 47(6), 770\u2013780 (2010)","journal-title":"Int. J. Nurs. Stud."},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1108\/09593840210430570","volume":"15","author":"M Wilson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wilson, M.: Making nursing visible? Gender, technology and the care plan as script. Inf. Technol. People 15(2), 139\u2013158 (2002)","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. People"},{"issue":"8","key":"21_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-009-0615-5","volume":"17","author":"J Harrison","year":"2009","unstructured":"Harrison, J., Young, J., Price, M., Butow, P., Solomon, M.: What are the unmet supportive care needs of people with cancer? A systematic review. Supportive Care Cancer 17(8), 1117\u20131128 (2009)","journal-title":"Supportive Care Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"21_CR102","first-page":"100","volume":"6","author":"M Vaismoradi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vaismoradi, M., Jones, J., Turunen, H., Snelgrove, S.: Theme development in qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis. J. Nurs. Educ. Practice 6(5), 100\u2013110 (2016)","journal-title":"J. Nurs. Educ. Practice"},{"key":"21_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stumme, G.: Formal concept analysis. In: Staab, S., Studer, R. (eds.) Handbook on Ontologies. Springer, Berlin (2009)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-92673-3_8"},{"key":"21_CR104","unstructured":"Bero, L., Grilli, R., Grimshaw, J., Harvey, E., Oxman, A., Thomson, M.: Closing the gap between research and practice: an overview of systematic reviews of interventions to promote the implementation of research findings. The cochrane effective practice and organization of care review group. BMJ (Clin. Res.) 317(7156), 465\u2013468 (1998)"},{"key":"21_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cook, J., et al.: Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature. Environ. Res. Lett. 8(2), 024024 (2013)","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/8\/2\/024024"},{"key":"21_CR106","unstructured":"McLachlan, S.: Realism in Synthetic Data Generation. (Master of Philosophy in Science MPhil), Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (2017)"},{"key":"21_CR107","unstructured":"Cable, G.: Integrating case study and survey research methods: an example in information systems. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. 3(2), 112\u2013126 (1994)"},{"key":"21_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, A.: A scientific method for MIS case studies. MIS Q. 33\u201350 (1989)","DOI":"10.2307\/248698"},{"key":"21_CR109","unstructured":"Eisenhardt, K.: Building theories from case study research. Acad. Manag. Rev. 14(4), 532\u2013550 (1989)"},{"key":"21_CR110","unstructured":"Yin, R.: Applications of Case Study Research. SAGE (2011)"},{"key":"21_CR111","unstructured":"Knape, T., Herderman, L., Wade, V., Gargan, M., Harris, C., Rahman, Y.: A UML approach to process modelling of clinical practice guidelines for enactment. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 635\u2013640 (2003)"},{"key":"21_CR112","unstructured":"Scheuelein, H., et al.: New methods for clinical pathways\u2014business process modeling notation (BPMN) and tangible business process modeling (t. BPM). Langenbeck\u2019s Arch. Surg. 397(5), 755\u2013761 (2012)"},{"issue":"3","key":"21_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X07300605","volume":"27","author":"M Gomez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gomez, M., Bielza, C., Fernandez del Pozo, J., Rios-Insua, S.: A graphical decision-theoretic model for neonatal jaundice. Med. Decis. Making 27(3), 250\u2013265 (2007)","journal-title":"Med. Decis. Making"},{"key":"21_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richardson, W., Wilson, M., Nishikawa, J., Hayward, R.: The well-built clinical question: a key to evidence-based decisions. ACP J. Club 123(3), A12\u2013A13 (1995)","DOI":"10.7326\/ACPJC-1995-123-3-A12"},{"issue":"2","key":"21_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S1532-0464(02)00505-1","volume":"35","author":"S Panzarasa","year":"2002","unstructured":"Panzarasa, S., Madde, S., Quaglini, S., Pistarini, C., Stefanelli, M.: Evidence-based careflow management systems: the case of post-stroke rehabilitation. J. Biomed. Inform. 35(2), 123\u2013139 (2002)","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Inform."},{"key":"21_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gopalakrishna, G., Langendam, M., Scholten, R., Bussuyt, P., Leeflang, M.: Defining the clinical pathway in cochrane diagnostic test accuracy reviews. BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 16(153) (2016)","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-016-0252-x"},{"key":"21_CR117","unstructured":"Huang, B., Zhu, P., Wu, C.: Customer-centered careflow modeling based on guidelines. J. Med. Syst. 36, 3307\u20133319 (2012)"}],"container-title":["Communications in Computer and Information Science","Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-46970-2_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T18:37:48Z","timestamp":1696099068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-46970-2_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"ISBN":["9783030469696","9783030469702"],"references-count":117,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-46970-2_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-0929","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-0937","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 May 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"BIOSTEC","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Prague","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Czech Republic","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2019","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"22 February 2019","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"24 February 2019","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"12","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"biostec2019","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/www.biostec.org\/?y=2019","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"PRIMORIS","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"271","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"22","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"8% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"4","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"4","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"No","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}