{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T20:03:34Z","timestamp":1774037014510,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030624187","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030624194","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-62419-4_2","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T17:13:40Z","timestamp":1604164420000},"page":"21-38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["PNEL: Pointer Network Based End-To-End Entity Linking over Knowledge Graphs"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Debayan","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debanjan","family":"Chaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohnish","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berant, J., Chou, A., Frostig, R., Liang, P.: Freebase from question-answer pairs. In: Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Association for Computational Linguistics (2013)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D13-1160"},{"key":"2_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bollacker, K., Evans, C., Paritosh, P., Sturge, T., Taylor, J.: Freebase: a collaboratively created graph database for structuring human knowledge. In: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data. ACM (2008)","DOI":"10.1145\/1376616.1376746"},{"key":"2_CR3","unstructured":"Bordes, A., Usunier, N., Chopra, S., Weston, J.: Large-scale Simple Question Answering with Memory Networks (2015)"},{"key":"2_CR4","unstructured":"Delpeuch, A.: OpenTapioca: lightweight entity linking for Wikidata. arXiv preprint arXiv:1904.09131 (2019)"},{"key":"2_CR5","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-30796-7_5","volume-title":"The Semantic Web \u2013 ISWC 2019","author":"M Dubey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dubey, M., Banerjee, D., Abdelkawi, A., Lehmann, J.: LC-QuAD 2.0: a large dataset for complex question answering over Wikidata and DBpedia. In: Ghidini, C., et al. (eds.) ISWC 2019. LNCS, vol. 11779, pp. 69\u201378. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-30796-7_5"},{"key":"2_CR6","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00671-6_7","volume-title":"The Semantic Web \u2013 ISWC 2018","author":"M Dubey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dubey, M., Banerjee, D., Chaudhuri, D., Lehmann, J.: EARL: joint entity and relation linking for question answering over knowledge graphs. In: Vrande\u010di\u0107, D., et al. (eds.) ISWC 2018. LNCS, vol. 11136, pp. 108\u2013126. Springer, Cham (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-00671-6_7"},{"key":"2_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferragina, P., Scaiella, U.: TAGME: on-the-fly annotation of short text fragments (by Wikipedia entities). In: Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (2010)","DOI":"10.1145\/1871437.1871689"},{"key":"2_CR8","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-30796-7_7","volume-title":"The Semantic Web \u2013 ISWC 2019","author":"J Frey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Frey, J., Hofer, M., Obraczka, D., Lehmann, J., Hellmann, S.: DBpedia FlexiFusion the best of Wikipedia $$>$$ Wikidata $$>$$ your data. In: Ghidini, C., et al. (eds.) ISWC 2019. LNCS, vol. 11779, pp. 96\u2013112. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-30796-7_7"},{"key":"2_CR9","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1007\/11550907_126","volume-title":"Artificial Neural Networks: Formal Models and Their Applications \u2013 ICANN 2005","author":"A Graves","year":"2005","unstructured":"Graves, A., Fern\u00e1ndez, S., Schmidhuber, J.: Bidirectional LSTM networks for improved phoneme classification and recognition. In: Duch, W., Kacprzyk, J., Oja, E., Zadro\u017cny, S. (eds.) ICANN 2005, Part II. LNCS, vol. 3697, pp. 799\u2013804. Springer, Heidelberg (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11550907_126"},{"key":"2_CR10","unstructured":"Kingma, D.P., Ba., J.: Adam: a method for stochastic optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6980 (2014)"},{"key":"2_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kolitsas, N., Ganea, O.-E., Hofmann, T.: End-to-end neural entity linking. In: Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (2018)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/K18-1050"},{"key":"2_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lehmann, J., et al.: DBpedia \u2013 A Large-Scale, Multilingual Knowledge Base Extracted from Wikipedia. Semantic Web (2015)","DOI":"10.3233\/SW-140134"},{"key":"2_CR13","unstructured":"Lerer, A., et al.: PyTorch-BigGraph: a large-scale graph embedding system. In: Proceedings of the 2nd SysML Conference (2019)"},{"key":"2_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.14778\/3384345.3384352","volume":"13","author":"X Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin, X., Li, H., Xin, H., Li, Z., Chen, L.: KBPearl: a knowledge base population system supported by joint entity and relation linking. Proc. VLDB Endow. 13, 1035\u20131049 (2020)","journal-title":"Proc. VLDB Endow."},{"key":"2_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, G., Huang, X., Lin, C.-Y., Nie, Z.: Joint entity recognition and disambiguation. In: Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Association for Computational Linguistics (2015)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D15-1104"},{"key":"2_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendes, P.N., Jakob, M., Garc\u00eda-Silva, A., Bizer, C.: DBpedia spotlight: shedding light on the web of documents. In: Proceedings the 7th International Conference on Semantic Systems (2011)","DOI":"10.1145\/2063518.2063519"},{"key":"2_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.14778\/3151113.3151119","volume":"11","author":"DB Nguyen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nguyen, D.B., Abujabal, A., Tran, K., Theobald, M., Weikum, G.: Query-driven on-the-fly knowledge base construction. Proc. VLDB Endow. 11, 66\u201379 (2017)","journal-title":"Proc. VLDB Endow."},{"key":"2_CR18","first-page":"215","volume":"4","author":"DB Nguyen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nguyen, D.B., Theobald, M., Weikum, G.: NERD: joint named entity recognition and disambiguation with rich linguistic features. Trans. Assoc. Comput. Ling. 4, 215\u2013229 (2016)","journal-title":"Trans. Assoc. Comput. Ling."},{"key":"2_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pellissier Tanon, T., Vrande\u010di\u0107, D., Schaffert, S., Steiner, T., Pintscher, L.: From freebase to Wikidata: the great migration. In: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on World Wide Web. International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee (2016)","DOI":"10.1145\/2872427.2874809"},{"key":"2_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perozzi, B., Al-Rfou, R., Skiena, S.: DeepWalk. In: Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining - KDD 2014 (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2623330.2623732"},{"key":"2_CR21","unstructured":"Sakor, A., et al.: Old is gold: linguistic driven approach for entity and relation linking of short text. In: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). Association for Computational Linguistics (2019)"},{"key":"2_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sakor, A., Singh, K., Patel, A., Vidal, M.-E.: FALCON 2.0: an entity and relation linking tool over Wikidata (2019)","DOI":"10.1145\/3340531.3412777"},{"key":"2_CR23","unstructured":"Santorini, B.: Part-of-speech tagging guidelines for the Penn Treebank Project (1990)"},{"key":"2_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sevgili, \u00d6., Panchenko, A., Biemann, C.: Improving neural entity disambiguation with graph embeddings. In: Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop. Association for Computational Linguistics (2019)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-2044"},{"key":"2_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sil, A., Yates, A.: Re-ranking for joint named-entity recognition and linking. In: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. Association for Computing Machinery (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2505515.2505601"},{"key":"2_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sorokin, D., Gurevych, I.: Mixing context granularities for improved entity linking on question answering data across entity categories. In: Proceedings of the Seventh Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics. Association for Computational Linguistics (2018)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/S18-2007"},{"key":"2_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suchanek, F.M., Kasneci, G., Weikum, G.: Yago: a core of semantic knowledge. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on World Wide Web. ACM (2007)","DOI":"10.1145\/1242572.1242667"},{"key":"2_CR28","unstructured":"Vaswani, A., et al.: Attention is all you need. In: Guyon, I., et al. (eds.) Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 30, pp. 5998\u20136008. Curran Associates Inc. (2017)"},{"key":"2_CR29","unstructured":"Vinyals, O., Fortunato, M., Jaitly, N.: Pointer networks. In: Cortes, C., Lawrence, N.D., Lee, D.D., Sugiyama, M., Garnett, R. (eds.) Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 28. Curran Associates Inc. (2015)"},{"key":"2_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1145\/2629489","volume":"57","author":"D Vrande\u010di\u0107","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vrande\u010di\u0107, D., Kr\u00f6tzsch, M.: Wikidata: a free collaborative knowledge base. Commun. ACM 57, 78\u201385 (2014)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"2_CR31","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Chang, M.-W.: S-MART: novel tree-based structured learning algorithms applied to tweet entity linking. In: ACL 2015 (2015)"},{"key":"2_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yih, W.-T., Richardson, M., Meek, C., Chang, M.-W., Suh, J.: The value of semantic parse labeling for knowledge base question answering. In: Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers). Association for Computational Linguistics (2016)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-2033"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","The Semantic Web \u2013 ISWC 2020"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-62419-4_2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T23:03:09Z","timestamp":1761865389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-62419-4_2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"ISBN":["9783030624187","9783030624194"],"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-62419-4_2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 November 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ISWC","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Semantic Web Conference","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Athens","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Greece","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2020","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2 November 2020","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"6 November 2020","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"19","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"semweb2020","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/iswc2020.semanticweb.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind for the Research Track; single-blind for the Resources and In-use Track","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Easychair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"287","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"81","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"28% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3-4","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3-7","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"The conference took place virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic","order":10,"name":"additional_info_on_review_process","label":"Additional Info on Review Process","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}