{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T05:02:42Z","timestamp":1776920562061,"version":"3.51.2"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030624651","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030624668","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-62466-8_28","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,31]],"date-time":"2020-10-31T12:02:53Z","timestamp":1604145773000},"page":"447-463","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The OpenCitations Data Model"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1113-7550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marilena","family":"Daquino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0530-4305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvio","family":"Peroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5506-523X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Shotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9806-084X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Colavizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4627-5371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behnam","family":"Ghavimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8590-9827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Lauscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6656-1658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Mayr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7406-6286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Romanello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6485-9434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Zumstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"28_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00002","volume":"1","author":"K Aagaard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aagaard, K., Kladakis, A., Nielsen, M.W.: Concentration or dispersal of research funding? Quant. Sci. Stud. 1(1), 117\u2013149 (2020)","journal-title":"Quant. Sci. Stud."},{"key":"28_CR2","unstructured":"Alexander, K., Cyganiak, R., Hausenblas, M., Zhao, J.: Describing linked datasets. In: Bizer, C., Heath, T., Berners-Lee, T., Idehen, K. (eds.) Proceedings of the WWW 2009 Workshop on Linked Data on the Web, LDOW 2009. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Madrid, Spain, 20 April 2009, vol. 538. CEUR-WS.org (2009). http:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-538\/ldow2009_paper20.pdf"},{"key":"28_CR3","unstructured":"Ammar, W., et al.: Construction of the literature graph in semantic scholar. arXiv preprint arXiv:1805.02262 (2018)"},{"key":"28_CR4","unstructured":"Belhajjame, K., et al.: PROV-O: the PROV ontology. W3C Recommendation (2013)"},{"issue":"1","key":"28_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00018","volume":"1","author":"C Birkle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Birkle, C., Pendlebury, D.A., Schnell, J., Adams, J.: Web of science as a data source for research on scientific and scholarly activity. Quant. Sci. Stud. 1(1), 363\u2013376 (2020)","journal-title":"Quant. Sci. Stud."},{"key":"28_CR6","unstructured":"Brank, J., Grobelnik, M., Mladenic, D.: A survey of ontology evaluation techniques. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Data Mining and Data Warehouses (SiKDD 2005), Ljubljana, Slovenia, pp. 166\u2013170 (2005)"},{"key":"28_CR7","unstructured":"Brewster, C., Alani, H., Dasmahapatra, S., Wilks, Y.: Data driven ontology evaluation. In: 4th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC 2004 (2004)"},{"issue":"1","key":"28_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.21825\/jeps.v4i1.10120","volume":"4","author":"G Colavizza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Colavizza, G., Romanello, M.: Citation mining of humanities journals: the progress to date and the challenges ahead. J. Eur. Period. Stud. 4(1), 36\u201353 (2019)","journal-title":"J. Eur. Period. Stud."},{"key":"28_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Daquino, M., Peroni, S., Shotton, D.: The OpenCitations data model. Figshare (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.3443876.v7","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.3443876.v7"},{"key":"28_CR10","unstructured":"Demidova, E., Zaveri, A., Simperl, E.: Creating open citation data with BCite. In: Emerging Topics in Semantic Technologies: ISWC 2018 Satellite Events, vol. 36, p. 83 (2018)"},{"key":"28_CR11","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-30796-7_8","volume-title":"The Semantic Web \u2013 ISWC 2019","author":"M F\u00e4rber","year":"2019","unstructured":"F\u00e4rber, M.: The Microsoft academic knowledge graph: a linked data source with 8 billion triples of scholarly data. In: Ghidini, C., et al. (eds.) ISWC 2019. LNCS, vol. 11779, pp. 113\u2013129. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-30796-7_8"},{"issue":"6379","key":"28_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaao0185","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao0185","volume":"359","author":"S Fortunato","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fortunato, S., et al.: Science of science. Science 359(6379), eaao0185 (2018)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"28_CR13","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/11762256_13","volume-title":"The Semantic Web: Research and Applications","author":"A Gangemi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gangemi, A., Catenacci, C., Ciaramita, M., Lehmann, J.: Modelling ontology evaluation and validation. In: Sure, Y., Domingue, J. (eds.) ESWC 2006. LNCS, vol. 4011, pp. 140\u2013154. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11762256_13"},{"key":"28_CR14","series-title":"International Handbooks on Information Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24750-0_13","volume-title":"Handbook on Ontologies","author":"A G\u00f3mez-P\u00e9rez","year":"2004","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-P\u00e9rez, A.: Ontology evaluation. In: Staab, S., Studer, R. (eds.) Handbook on Ontologies. INFOSYS, pp. 251\u2013273. International Handbooks on Information Systems, Springer (2004). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-24750-0_13"},{"key":"28_CR15","unstructured":"Hammond, T., Pasin, M., Theodoridis, E.: Data integration and disintegration: managing springer nature SciGraph with SHACL and OWL. In: International Semantic Web Conference (Posters, Demos & Industry Tracks) (2017)"},{"key":"28_CR16","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01379-0_9","volume-title":"Semantics, Analytics, Visualization","author":"I Heibi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heibi, I., Peroni, S., Shotton, D.: OSCAR: a customisable tool for free-text search over SPARQL endpoints. In: Gonz\u00e1lez-Beltr\u00e1n, A., Osborne, F., Peroni, S., Vahdati, S. (eds.) SAVE-SD 2017-2018. LNCS, vol. 10959, pp. 121\u2013137. Springer, Cham (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-01379-0_9"},{"issue":"2","key":"28_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1007\/s11192-019-03217-6","volume":"121","author":"I Heibi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heibi, I., Peroni, S., Shotton, D.: Software review: COCI, the OpenCitations Index of Crossref open DOI-to-DOI citations. Scientometrics 121(2), 1213\u20131228 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-019-03217-6","journal-title":"Scientometrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"28_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00022","volume":"1","author":"G Hendricks","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hendricks, G., Tkaczyk, D., Lin, J., Feeney, P.: Crossref: the sustainable source of community-owned scholarly metadata. Quant. Sci. Stud. 1(1), 414\u2013427 (2020)","journal-title":"Quant. Sci. Stud."},{"issue":"1","key":"28_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00020","volume":"1","author":"C Herzog","year":"2020","unstructured":"Herzog, C., Hook, D., Konkiel, S.: Dimensions: bringing down barriers between scientometricians and data. Quant. Sci. Stud. 1(1), 387\u2013395 (2020)","journal-title":"Quant. Sci. Stud."},{"key":"28_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosseini, A., Ghavimi, B., Boukhers, Z., Mayr, P.: Excite-a toolchain to extract, match and publish open literature references. In: 2019 ACM\/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL), pp. 432\u2013433. IEEE (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/JCDL.2019.00105"},{"key":"28_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lauscher, A., et al.: Linked open citation database: enabling libraries to contribute to an open and interconnected citation graph. In: Proceedings of the 18th ACM\/IEEE on Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, pp. 109\u2013118 (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3197026.3197050"},{"key":"28_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, H., Councill, I., Lee, W.C., Giles, C.L.: CiteSeerx: an architecture and web service design for an academic document search engine. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 883\u2013884 (2006)","DOI":"10.1145\/1135777.1135926"},{"key":"28_CR23","unstructured":"Lo, K., Wang, L.L., Neumann, M., Kinney, R., Weld, D.S.: GORC: a large contextual citation graph of academic papers. arXiv preprint arXiv:1911.02782 (2019)"},{"key":"28_CR24","unstructured":"Maali, F., Erickson, J., Archer, P.: Data catalog vocabulary (DCAT). W3C recommendation (2014)"},{"key":"28_CR25","unstructured":"Maedche, A., Staab, S.: Comparing ontologies-similarity measures and a comparison study. AIFB (2001)"},{"key":"28_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Peroni, S., Shotton, D.: Open citation identifier: definition. Figshare (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.7127816","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.7127816"},{"key":"28_CR27","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-54627-8_5","volume-title":"OWL: Experiences and Directions \u2013 Reasoner Evaluation","author":"S Peroni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Peroni, S.: A simplified agile methodology for ontology development. In: Dragoni, M., Poveda-Villal\u00f3n, M., Jimenez-Ruiz, E. (eds.) OWLED\/ORE -2016. LNCS, vol. 10161, pp. 55\u201369. Springer, Cham (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-54627-8_5"},{"key":"28_CR28","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00668-6_8","volume-title":"The Semantic Web \u2013 ISWC 2018","author":"S Peroni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Peroni, S., Shotton, D.: The SPAR ontologies. In: Vrande\u010di\u0107, D., et al. (eds.) ISWC 2018. LNCS, vol. 11137, pp. 119\u2013136. Springer, Cham (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-00668-6_8"},{"issue":"1","key":"28_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00023","volume":"1","author":"S Peroni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peroni, S., Shotton, D.: Opencitations, an infrastructure organization for open scholarship. Quant. Sci. Stud. 1(1), 428\u2013444 (2020)","journal-title":"Quant. Sci. Stud."},{"key":"28_CR30","unstructured":"Peroni, S., Shotton, D.M., Vitali, F.: A document-inspired way for tracking changes of RDF data 1799, 26\u201333 (2016)"},{"key":"28_CR31","unstructured":"Porzel, R., Malaka, R.: A task-based approach for ontology evaluation. In: ECAI Workshop on Ontology Learning and Population, Valencia, Spain, pp. 1\u20136 (2004)"},{"key":"28_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanderson, R., Ciccarese, P., Van de Sompel, H.: Designing the W3C open annotation data model. In: Proceedings of the 5th Annual ACM Web Science Conference, pp. 366\u2013375 (2013)","DOI":"10.1145\/2464464.2464474"},{"key":"28_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shotton, D., Peroni, S., Daquino, M.: In-text reference pointer identifier: definition. Figshare (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.11674032","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.11674032"},{"issue":"1","key":"28_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00021","volume":"1","author":"K Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, K., Shen, Z., Huang, C., Wu, C.H., Dong, Y., Kanakia, A.: Microsoft academic graph: when experts are not enough. Quant. Sci. Stud. 1(1), 396\u2013413 (2020)","journal-title":"Quant. Sci. Stud."},{"key":"28_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.18","volume":"3","author":"MD Wilkinson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wilkinson, M.D., et al.: The fair guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship. Sci. Data 3, 1\u20139 (2016)","journal-title":"Sci. Data"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","The Semantic Web \u2013 ISWC 2020"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-62466-8_28","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T23:03:14Z","timestamp":1761865394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-62466-8_28"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"ISBN":["9783030624651","9783030624668"],"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-62466-8_28","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 November 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ISWC","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Semantic Web Conference","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Athens","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Greece","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2020","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2 November 2020","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"6 November 2020","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"19","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"semweb2020","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/iswc2020.semanticweb.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind for the Research Track; single-blind for the Resources and In-use Track","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Easychair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"287","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"81","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"28% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3-4","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3-7","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"The conference took place virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic","order":10,"name":"additional_info_on_review_process","label":"Additional Info on Review Process","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}