{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T15:36:23Z","timestamp":1772724983959,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030666644","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030666651","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-66665-1_21","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]],"date-time":"2021-01-02T07:03:14Z","timestamp":1609570994000},"page":"329-343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["OWI: Open-World Intent Identification Framework for Dialog Based System"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Jitendra","family":"Parmar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sanskar","family":"Soni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Satyendra Singh","family":"Chouhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"21_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas, N.T.: An e-business chatbot using AIML and LSA. In: International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI), pp. 2740\u20132742 (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACCI.2016.7732476"},{"key":"21_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naveen Kumar, M., Linga Chandar, P.C., Venkatesh Prasad, A., Sumangali, K.: Android based educational chatbot for visually impaired people. In: IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research (ICCIC), pp. 1\u20134 (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIC.2016.7919664"},{"key":"21_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braun, D., Hernandez Mendez, A., Matthes, F., Langen, M.: Evaluating natural language understanding services for conversational question answering systems. In: Proceedings of the 18th Annual SIGdial Meeting on Discourse and Dialogue, pp. 174\u2013185 (2017)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-5522"},{"key":"21_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, A., Liu, Z., Guo, Y., Sinha, V., Akkiraju, R.: A new chatbot for customer service on social media. In: Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 3506\u20133510 (2017)","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025496"},{"key":"21_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pawe\u0142 Budzianowski, T.-H.W., et al.: Multiwoz-a large-scale multi-domain wizard-of-oz dataset for task-oriented dialogue modelling. In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 5016\u20135026 (2018)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1547"},{"key":"21_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Purohit, H., Dong, G., Shalin, V., Thirunarayan, K., Sheth, A.: Intent classification of short-text on social media. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Smart City\/Socialcom\/Sustaincom (Smartcity), pp. 222\u2013228 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/SmartCity.2015.75"},{"key":"21_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Helmi Setyawan, M.Y., Awangga, R.M., Efendi, S.R.: Comparison of multinomial naive bayes algorithm and logistic regression for intent classification in chatbot. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Engineering (ICAE), pp. 1\u20135 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/INCAE.2018.8579372"},{"key":"21_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nigam, A., Sahare, P., Pandya, K.: Intent detection and slots prompt in a closed-domain chatbot. In: Proceedings of the IEEE 13th International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC), pp. 340\u2013343 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICOSC.2019.8665635"},{"key":"21_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shridhar, K., et al.: Subword semantic hashing for intent classification on small datasets. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp. 1\u20136 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2019.8852420"},{"key":"21_CR10","unstructured":"Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K., Toutanova, K.: Bert: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. In: Proceedings of the Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers), pp. 4171\u20134186 (2019)"},{"key":"21_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, C.-S., Hoi, S., Socher, R., Xiong, C.: TOD-BERT: pre-trained natural language understanding for task-oriented dialogues. arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.06871 (2020)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.66"},{"key":"21_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casanueva, I., Tem\u010dinas, T., Gerz, D., Henderson, M., Vuli\u0107, I.: Efficient intent detection with dual sentence encoders. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.04807 (2020)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.nlp4convai-1.5"},{"key":"21_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2019.104979","volume":"186","author":"T-E Lin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lin, T.-E., Hua, X.: A post-processing method for detecting unknown intent of dialogue system via pre-trained deep neural network classifier. Knowl. Based Syst. 186, 104979 (2019)","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"21_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, G., et al.: Unknown intent detection using Gaussian mixture model with an application to zero-shot intent classification. In: Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 1050\u20131060 (2020)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-main.99"},{"key":"21_CR15","first-page":"101","volume":"5","author":"R Rifkin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rifkin, R., Klautau, A.: In defense of One-Vs-all classification. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 5, 101\u2013141 (2004)","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"21_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Larson, S., et al.: An evaluation dataset for intent classification and out-of-scope prediction. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP), pp. 1311\u20131316 (2019)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1131"},{"key":"21_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, Y.: Convolutional neural networks for sentence classification. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pp. 1746\u20131751 (2014)","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1181"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2019.2954966","volume":"35","author":"J Schuurmans","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schuurmans, J., Frasincar, F.: Intent classification for dialogue utterances. IEEE Intell. Syst. 35(1), 82\u201388 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Intell. Syst."},{"key":"21_CR19","unstructured":"Bhardwaj, A., Rudnicky, A.: User intent classification using memory networks: a comparative analysis for a limited data scenario. arXiv preprint arXiv:1706.06160 (2017)"},{"key":"21_CR20","unstructured":"Mikolov, T., Chen, K., Corrado, G., Dean, J.: Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space. arXiv preprint arXiv:1301.3781 (2013)"},{"key":"21_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Subramani, S., Vu, H.Q., Wang, H.: Intent classification using feature sets for domestic violence discourse on social media. In: Proceedings of the 4th Asia-Pacific World Congress on Computer Science and Engineering (APWC on CSE), pp. 129\u2013136 (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/APWConCSE.2017.00030"},{"key":"21_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Xu, W.: End-to-end learning of semantic role labeling using recurrent neural networks. In: Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, Volume 1: Long Papers, pp. 1127\u20131137 (2015)","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/P15-1109"},{"key":"21_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Z., Yang, D., Dyer, C., He, X., Smola, A., Hovy, E.: Hierarchical attention networks for document classification. In: Proceedings of the conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp. 1480\u20131489 (2016)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-1174"},{"key":"21_CR24","unstructured":"Radford, A., Narasimhan, K., Salimans, T., Sutskever, I.: Improving language understanding by generative pre-training (2018)"},{"key":"21_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta, A., Hewitt, J., Kirchhoff, K.: Simple, fast, accurate intent classification and slot labeling for goal-oriented dialogue systems. In: Proceedings of the 20th Annual SIGdial Meeting on Discourse and Dialogue, pp. 46\u201355 (2019)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W19-5906"},{"key":"21_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jayarao, P., Srivastava, A.: Intent detection for code-mix utterances in task oriented dialogue systems. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Communication, Computer, and Optimization Techniques (ICEECCOT), pp. 583\u2013587 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICEECCOT43722.2018.9001577"},{"issue":"7","key":"21_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2012.256","volume":"35","author":"WJ Scheirer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Scheirer, W.J., de Rezende Rocha, A., Sapkota, A., Boult, T.E.: Toward open set recognition. IEEE Trans. Patt. Anal. Mach. Intell. 35(7), 1757\u20131772 (2012)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Patt. Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"21_CR28","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10578-9_26","volume-title":"Computer Vision \u2013 ECCV 2014","author":"LP Jain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jain, L.P., Scheirer, W.J., Boult, T.E.: Multi-class open set recognition using probability of inclusion. In: Fleet, D., Pajdla, T., Schiele, B., Tuytelaars, T. (eds.) ECCV 2014. LNCS, vol. 8691, pp. 393\u2013409. Springer, Cham (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-10578-9_26"},{"key":"21_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shu, L., Xu, H., Liu, B.: DOC: deep open classification of text documents. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 2911\u20132916 (2017)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D17-1314"},{"issue":"12","key":"21_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2935","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2017.2773081","volume":"40","author":"Z Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, Z., Hoiem, D.: Learning without forgetting. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 40(12), 2935\u20132947 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"21_CR31","unstructured":"Shu, L., Xu, H., Liu, B.: Unseen class discovery in open-world classification. arXiv preprint arXiv:1801.05609 (2018)"},{"key":"21_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Breunig, M.M., Kriegel, H.-P., Ng, R.T., Sander, J.: LOF: identifying density-based local outliers. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 93\u2013104 (2000)","DOI":"10.1145\/335191.335388"},{"key":"21_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vedula, N., Lipka, N., Maneriker, P., Parthasarathy, S.: Open intent extraction from natural language interactions. In: Proceedings of The Web Conference, pp. 2009\u20132020 (2020)","DOI":"10.1145\/3366423.3380268"},{"key":"21_CR34","unstructured":"Vedula, N., Gupta, R., Alok, A., Sridhar, M.: Automatic discovery of novel intents & domains from text utterances. arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.01208 (2020)"},{"key":"21_CR35","unstructured":"Hinton, G.E., Srivastava, N., Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Salakhutdinov, R.R.: Improving neural networks by preventing co-adaptation of feature detectors. arXiv preprint arXiv:1207.0580 (2012)"},{"key":"21_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pennington, J., Socher, R., Manning, C.D.: Glove: global vectors for word representation. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pp. 1532\u20131543 (2014)","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Big Data Analytics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-66665-1_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]],"date-time":"2021-01-02T07:28:44Z","timestamp":1609572524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-66665-1_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"ISBN":["9783030666644","9783030666651"],"references-count":36,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-66665-1_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 January 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"BDA","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Big Data Analytics","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Sonepat","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"India","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2020","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"15 December 2020","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"18 December 2020","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"8","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"bigda2020","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/bda2020.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}