{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:59:26Z","timestamp":1786978766269,"version":"3.56.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030677879","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030677886","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-67788-6_5","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T07:40:53Z","timestamp":1611819653000},"page":"62-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["How We Code"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9613-5740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Williamson","family":"Shaffer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1382-4677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. R.","family":"Ruis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"5_CR1","first-page":"157","volume":"42","author":"JL Briggs","year":"2000","unstructured":"Briggs, J.L.: Emotions have many faces: inuit lessons. Anthropologica 42(2), 157\u2013164 (2000)","journal-title":"Anthropologica"},{"key":"5_CR2","volume-title":"Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis","author":"K Charmaz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Charmaz, K.: Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis. Sage, Thousand Oaks (2006)"},{"key":"5_CR3","unstructured":"Chouldechova, A., Roth, A.: The frontiers of fairness in machine learning. arXiv:1810.08810 (2018)"},{"key":"5_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104","volume":"20","author":"J Cohen","year":"1960","unstructured":"Cohen, J.: Kappa: coefficient of concordance. Educ. Psych. Meas. 20, 37 (1960)","journal-title":"Educ. Psych. Meas."},{"key":"5_CR5","unstructured":"Eagan, B., et al.: The binary replicate test: determining the sensitivity of CSCL models to coding error. In: International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (2019)"},{"key":"5_CR6","unstructured":"Eagan, B.R. et al.: Can we rely on reliability? Testing the assumptions of inter-rater reliability. In: Smith, B.K. et al. (eds.) Making a difference: Prioritizing equity and access in CSCL: 12th International Conference on Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning. pp. 529\u2013532 (2017)"},{"key":"5_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eagan, B.R., et al.: rhoR: Rho for inter rater reliability (2016)","DOI":"10.32614\/CRAN.package.rhoR"},{"key":"5_CR8","volume-title":"An Introduction to Discourse Analysis: Theory and Method","author":"JP Gee","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gee, J.P.: An Introduction to Discourse Analysis: Theory and Method. Routledge, London (1999)"},{"key":"5_CR9","volume-title":"Becoming Qualitative Researchers: An Introduction","author":"C Glesne","year":"2015","unstructured":"Glesne, C.: Becoming Qualitative Researchers: An Introduction. Pearson, Boston (2015)"},{"key":"5_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5040\/9781350928558","volume-title":"Ways of Worldmaking","author":"N Goodman","year":"1978","unstructured":"Goodman, N.: Ways of Worldmaking. Hackett, Indianapolis (1978)"},{"issue":"3","key":"5_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1080\/10508406.2013.799475","volume":"22","author":"LR Herrenkohl","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herrenkohl, L.R., Cornelius, L.: Investigating elementary students\u2019 scientific and historical argumentation. J. Learn. Sci. 22(3), 413\u2013461 (2013)","journal-title":"J. Learn. Sci."},{"key":"5_CR12","unstructured":"Hutchby, I., Wooffitt, R.: Conversation analysis. Polity (2008)"},{"issue":"4","key":"5_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2382577.2382579","volume":"6","author":"S Kaufman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaufman, S., et al.: Leakage in data mining: formulation, detection, and avoidance. ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data (TKDD) 6(4), 1\u201321 (2012)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data (TKDD)"},{"issue":"3","key":"5_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X0001200301","volume":"12","author":"KS Kurasaki","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kurasaki, K.S.: Intercoder reliability for validating conclusions drawn from open-ended interview data. Field Methods 12(3), 179\u2013194 (2000)","journal-title":"Field Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"5_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.2002.tb00826.x","volume":"28","author":"M Lombard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lombard, M., et al.: Content analysis in mass communication: assessment and reporting of intercoder reliability. Hum. Commun. Res. 28(4), 587\u2013604 (2002)","journal-title":"Hum. Commun. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"5_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.3565","volume":"33","author":"G Luk\u00e1cs","year":"2019","unstructured":"Luk\u00e1cs, G., Ansorge, U.: Information leakage in the response time-based concealed information test. Appl. Cogn. Psychol. 33(6), 1178\u20131196 (2019)","journal-title":"Appl. Cogn. Psychol."},{"key":"5_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marquart, C.L. et al.: ncodeR: techniques for automated classifiers [R package] (2018)","DOI":"10.32614\/CRAN.package.ncodeR"},{"key":"5_CR18","unstructured":"Mehrabi, N., et al.: A survey on bias and fairness in machine learning. arXiv:1908.09635 (2019)"},{"key":"5_CR19","volume-title":"The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers","author":"J Salda\u00f1a","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salda\u00f1a, J.: The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks (2015)"},{"key":"5_CR20","volume-title":"Quantitative Ethnography","author":"DW Shaffer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shaffer, D.W.: Quantitative Ethnography. Cathcart Press, Madison (2017)"},{"key":"5_CR21","volume-title":"The nCoder: A Technique for Improving the Utility of Inter-Rater Reliability Statistics","author":"DW Shaffer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shaffer, D.W., et al.: The nCoder: A Technique for Improving the Utility of Inter-Rater Reliability Statistics. Epistemic Games Group, Madison (2015)"},{"key":"5_CR22","unstructured":"Siebert-Evenstone, A.: Personal communication (n.d.)"},{"key":"5_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thornberg, R., Charmaz, K.: Grounded theory and theoretical coding. In: Flick, U. (ed.) The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, pp. 153\u2013169 SAGE Publications, London (2014)","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446282243.n11"}],"container-title":["Communications in Computer and Information Science","Advances in Quantitative Ethnography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-67788-6_5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T11:02:37Z","timestamp":1720782157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-67788-6_5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030677879","9783030677886"],"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-67788-6_5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-0929","1865-0937"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1865-0929","type":"print"},{"value":"1865-0937","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 January 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ICQE","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Quantitative Ethnography","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Malibu, CA","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"USA","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"1 February 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"3 February 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"icqe2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/www.icqe20.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"EasyChair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"56","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"28","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"50% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the ICQE 2020 has been postponed to the year 2021 and was held online.","order":10,"name":"additional_info_on_review_process","label":"Additional Info on Review Process","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}