{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T23:10:09Z","timestamp":1751497809140,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783030782207"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783030782214"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-78221-4_12","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T23:20:19Z","timestamp":1625268019000},"page":"173-186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Operational Usability Heuristics: A Question-Based Approach for Facilitating the Detection of Usability Problems"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3277-4505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anas","family":"Abulfaraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7434-5819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Steele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"12_CR1","first-page":"245","volume-title":"Cost-Justifying Usability","author":"J Nielsen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nielsen, J.: Guerrilla HCI: using discount usability engineering to penetrate the intimidation barrier. In: Bias, R.G., Mayhew, D.J. (eds.) Cost-Justifying Usability, pp. 245\u2013272. Academic Press, Boston (1994)"},{"key":"12_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rosenbaum, S., Rohn, J.A., Humburg, J.: A toolkit for strategic usability: results from workshops, panels, and surveys. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 337\u2013344. Association for Computing Machinery, The Hague (2000). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/332040.332454","DOI":"10.1145\/332040.332454"},{"key":"12_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1145\/566981.566990","volume":"9","author":"G Cockton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cockton, G., Woolrych, A.: Sale must end: should discount methods be cleared off HCI\u2019s shelves? Interactions 9, 13\u201318 (2002). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/566981.566990","journal-title":"Interactions"},{"key":"12_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de Salgado, A.L., Amaral, L.A., Freire, A.P., Fortes, R.P.M.: Usability and UX practices in small enterprises: lessons from a survey of the Brazilian context. In: Proceedings of the 34th ACM International Conference on the Design of Communication, pp. Article 18. Association for Computing Machinery, Silver Spring (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2987592.2987616","DOI":"10.1145\/2987592.2987616"},{"key":"12_CR5","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-07668-3_40","volume-title":"Design, User Experience, and Usability. Theories, Methods, and Tools for Designing the User Experience","author":"MS Al-Razgan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Razgan, M.S., Al-Khalifa, H.S., Al-Shahrani, M.D.: Heuristics for evaluating the usability of mobile launchers for elderly people. In: Marcus, A. (ed.) DUXU 2014. LNCS, vol. 8517, pp. 415\u2013424. Springer, Cham (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-07668-3_40"},{"key":"12_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-20886-2_21","volume-title":"Design, User Experience, and Usability: Design Discourse","author":"F Paz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Paz, F., Paz, F.A., Pow-Sang, J.A.: Experimental case study of new usability heuristics. In: Marcus, A. (ed.) Design, User Experience, and Usability: Design Discourse, pp. 212\u2013223. Springer, Cham (2015)"},{"key":"12_CR7","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49713-2_1","volume-title":"Design, User Experience, and Usability. Interaction Design","author":"A Abulfaraj","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abulfaraj, A., Steele, A.: Coherent heuristic evaluation (CoHE): toward increasing the effectiveness of heuristic evaluation for novice evaluators. In: Marcus, A., Rosenzweig, E. (eds.) HCII 2020. LNCS, vol. 12200, pp. 3\u201320. Springer, Cham (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-49713-2_1"},{"key":"12_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-60114-0_1","volume-title":"HCI International 2020 - Late Breaking Papers: User Experience Design and Case Studies","author":"A Abulfaraj","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abulfaraj, A., Steele, A.: Detailed usability heuristics: a breakdown of usability heuristics to enhance comprehension for novice evaluators. In: Stephanidis, C., Marcus, A., Rosenzweig, E., Rau, P.L.P., Moallem, A., Rauterberg, M. (eds.) HCI International 2020 - Late Breaking Papers: User Experience Design and Case Studies, pp. 3\u201318. Springer, Cham (2020)"},{"key":"12_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2200\/S00706ED1V01Y201602HCI034","volume":"9","author":"B Ann","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ann, B., Dominic, F., Stephann, M.: Qualitative HCI research: going behind the scenes. Synth. Lect. Hum. Centered Inform. 9, 1\u2013115 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2200\/S00706ED1V01Y201602HCI034","journal-title":"Synth. Lect. Hum. Centered Inform."},{"key":"12_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1145\/77481.77486","volume":"33","author":"R Molich","year":"1990","unstructured":"Molich, R., Nielsen, J.: Improving a human-computer dialogue. Commun. ACM 33, 338\u2013348 (1990). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/77481.77486","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"12_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nielsen, J., Molich, R.: Heuristic evaluation of user interfaces. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 249\u2013256. Association for Computing Machinery, Seattle (1990). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/97243.97281","DOI":"10.1145\/97243.97281"},{"key":"12_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nielsen, J.: Finding usability problems through heuristic evaluation. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 373\u2013380. Association for Computing Machinery, Monterey (1992). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/142750.142834","DOI":"10.1145\/142750.142834"},{"key":"12_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Slavkovic, A., Cross, K.: Novice heuristic evaluations of a complex interface. In: CHI 1999 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 304\u2013305. Association for Computing Machinery, Pittsburgh (1999). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/632716.632902","DOI":"10.1145\/632716.632902"},{"key":"12_CR14","unstructured":"Tognazzini, B.: First principles of interaction design (revised & expanded) (2014). https:\/\/asktog.com\/atc\/principles-of-interaction-design\/"},{"key":"12_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/10447319609526147","volume":"8","author":"J Gerhardt-Powals","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gerhardt-Powals, J.: Cognitive engineering principles for enhancing human-computer performance. Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact. 8, 189\u2013211 (1996). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10447319609526147","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact."},{"key":"12_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alsumait, A., Al-Osaimi, A.: Usability heuristics evaluation for child e-learning applications. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services, pp. 425\u2013430. Association for Computing Machinery, Kuala Lumpur (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1806338.1806417","DOI":"10.1145\/1806338.1806417"},{"key":"12_CR17","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-23535-2_1","volume-title":"Design, User Experience, and Usability. Practice and Case Studies","author":"C Chanco","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chanco, C., Moquillaza, A., Paz, F.: Development and validation of usability heuristics for evaluation of interfaces in ATMs. In: Marcus, A., Wang, W. (eds.) HCII 2019. LNCS, vol. 11586, pp. 3\u201318. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-23535-2_1"},{"key":"12_CR18","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91797-9_28","volume-title":"Design, User Experience, and Usability: Theory and Practice","author":"T Granollers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Granollers, T.: Usability evaluation with heuristics. new proposal from integrating two trusted sources. In: Marcus, A., Wang, W. (eds.) DUXU 2018. LNCS, vol. 10918, pp. 396\u2013405. Springer, Cham (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-91797-9_28"},{"key":"12_CR19","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-73279-2_63","volume-title":"Universal Acess in Human Computer Interaction. Coping with Diversity","author":"BF Wheeler Atkinson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wheeler Atkinson, B.F., Bennett, T.O., Bahr, G.S., Walwanis Nelson, M.M.: Development of a multiple heuristics evaluation table (MHET) to support software development and usability analysis. In: Stephanidis, C. (ed.) UAHCI 2007. LNCS, vol. 4554, pp. 563\u2013572. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-73279-2_63"},{"key":"12_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intcom.2006.10.001","volume":"19","author":"ET Hvannberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hvannberg, E.T., Law, E.L.C., L\u00e1rusd\u00f3ttir, M.K.: Heuristic evaluation: comparing ways of finding and reporting usability problems. Interact. Comput. 19, 225\u2013240 (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intcom.2006.10.001","journal-title":"Interact. Comput."},{"key":"12_CR21","unstructured":"Sohl, M.: Comparing Two Heuristic Evaluation Methods and Validating with Usability Test Methods: Applying Usability Evaluation on a Simple Website. Student Thesis. Link\u00f6ping University, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden (2018)"},{"key":"12_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cronholm, S.: The usability of usability guidelines: a proposal for meta-guidelines. In: Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference of the Australian Computer-Human Interaction Special Interest Group: Design: Open 24\/7, pp. 233\u2013240. Association for Computing Machinery, Melbourne (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1738826.1738864","DOI":"10.1145\/1738826.1738864"},{"key":"12_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Salgado, A.L., de Lara, S.M., Freire, A.P., de Fortes, R.P.M.: What is hidden in a heuristic evaluation: tactics from the experts. In: 13th International Conference on Information Systems & Technology Management - Contecsi, pp. 2931\u20132946. Contecsi, S\u00e3o Paulo (2016)","DOI":"10.5748\/9788599693124-13CONTECSI\/PS-4068"},{"key":"12_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-3754-2_9","volume-title":"People and Computers XVII \u2014 Designing for Society","author":"G Cockton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cockton, G., Woolrych, A., Hall, L., Hindmarch, M.: Changing analysts\u2019 tunes: the surprising impact of a new instrument for usability inspection method assessment. In: O\u2019Neill, E., Palanque, P., Johnson, P. (eds.) People and Computers XVII \u2014 Designing for Society, pp. 145\u2013161. Springer, London (2004)"},{"key":"12_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X05279903","volume":"18","author":"G Guest","year":"2006","unstructured":"Guest, G., Bunce, A., Johnson, L.: How many interviews are enough? An experiment with data saturation and variability. Field Methods 18, 59\u201382 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1525822X05279903","journal-title":"Field Methods"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Design, User Experience, and Usability: UX Research and Design"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-78221-4_12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T22:35:48Z","timestamp":1751495748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-78221-4_12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030782207","9783030782214"],"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-78221-4_12","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 July 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"HCII","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"24 July 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"29 July 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"23","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"hcii2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/2021.hci.international\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}