{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T15:12:44Z","timestamp":1779203564034,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030821982","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030821999","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]],"date-time":"2021-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]],"date-time":"2021-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-82199-9_49","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T09:02:45Z","timestamp":1636534965000},"page":"730-748","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Detecting CAN Bus Intrusion by Applying Machine Learning Method to Graph Based Features"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Rafi Ud Daula","family":"Refat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman Abu","family":"Elkhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azeem","family":"Hafeez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hafiz","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"49_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.4236\/wet.2018.94007","volume":"9","author":"A Alshammari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alshammari, A., Zohdy, M., Debnath, D., Corser, G.: Classification approach for intrusion detection in vehicle systems. Wirel. Eng. Technol. 9, 79\u201394 (2018)","journal-title":"Wirel. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"49_CR2","unstructured":"Alves, M., Pereira, M., Ramos, H.: CAN protocol: a laboratory prototype for field bus applications (2009)"},{"key":"49_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127580","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2937576","volume":"7","author":"O Avatefipour","year":"2019","unstructured":"Avatefipour, O., et al.: An intelligent secured framework for cyberattack detection in electric vehicles\u2019 CAN bus using machine learning. IEEE Access 7, 127580\u2013127592 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"49_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Avatefipour, O., Hafeez, A., Tayyab, M., Malik, H.: Linking received packet to the transmitter through physical-fingerprinting of controller area network (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/WIFS.2017.8267643"},{"key":"49_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3390\/fi12070119","volume":"12","author":"V Barletta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barletta, V., Caivano, D., Nannavecchia, A., Scalera, M.: Intrusion detection for in-vehicle communication networks: an unsupervised Kohonen SOM approach. Future Internet 12, 119 (2020)","journal-title":"Future Internet"},{"key":"49_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1006\/game.1995.1027","volume":"10","author":"J Berg","year":"1995","unstructured":"Berg, J., Dickhaut, J., Mccabe, K.: Trust, reciprocity, and social history. Games Econ. Behav. 10, 122\u2013142 (1995)","journal-title":"Games Econ. Behav."},{"key":"49_CR7","unstructured":"Broster, I., Burns, A.: An analysable bus-guardian for event-triggered communication (2003)"},{"key":"49_CR8","unstructured":"Checkoway, S., et al.: Comprehensive experimental analyses of automotive attack surfaces (2011)"},{"key":"49_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ducoffe, G, Dragan, F.: A story of diameter, radius, and (almost) helly property. Networks (2020)","DOI":"10.1002\/net.21998"},{"key":"49_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s004530010020","volume":"27","author":"D Eppstein","year":"2000","unstructured":"Eppstein, D.: Diameter and treewidth in minor-closed graph families. Algorithmica 27, 275\u2013291 (2000)","journal-title":"Algorithmica"},{"key":"49_CR11","unstructured":"Hafeez, A.: A robust, reliable and deployable framework for In-vehicle security (2020)"},{"key":"49_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hafeez, A., Malik, H., Avatefipour, O., Rongali, P., Zehra, S.: Comparative study of can-bus and flexray protocols for in-vehicle communication (2017)","DOI":"10.4271\/2017-01-0017"},{"key":"49_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hafeez, A., Ponnapali, S., Malik, H.: Exploiting channel distortion for transmitter identification for in-vehicle network security. Sae Int. J. Transp. Cybersecurity Priv. 3 (2019)","DOI":"10.4271\/11-02-02-0005"},{"key":"49_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hafeez, A., Tayyab, M., Zolo, C., Awad, S.: Finger printing of engine control units by using frequency response for secure in-vehicle communication (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICENCO.2018.8636140"},{"key":"49_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hafeez, A., Topolovec, K., Awad, S.: ECU fingerprinting through parametric signal modeling and artificial neural networks for in-vehicle security against spoofing attacks (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICENCO48310.2019.9027298"},{"key":"49_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hafeez, A., Topolovec, K., Zolo, C., Sarwar, W.: State of the Art Survey on Comparison of CAN. FlexRay, LIN Protocol and Simulation of LIN Protocol (2020)","DOI":"10.4271\/2020-01-1293"},{"key":"49_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hafeez, A., Rehman, K., Malik, H.: State of the Art Survey on Comparison of Physical Fingerprinting-Based Intrusion Detection Techniques for In-Vehicle Security (2020)","DOI":"10.4271\/2020-01-0721"},{"key":"49_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58194","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2982544","volume":"8","author":"M Hanselmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hanselmann, M., Strauss, T., Dormann, K., Ulmer, H.: CANet: an unsupervised intrusion detection system for high dimensional CAN bus data. Ieee Access 8, 58194\u201358205 (2020)","journal-title":"Ieee Access"},{"key":"49_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185489","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3029307","volume":"8","author":"M Hossain","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hossain, M., Inoue, H., Ochiai, H., Fall, D., Kadobayashi, Y.: LSTM-based intrusion detection system for in-vehicle can bus communications. IEEE Access 8, 185489\u2013185502 (2020)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"49_CR20","unstructured":"Hpl, S.: Introduction to the controller area network (CAN). Appl. Rep. Sloa1011-17 (2002)"},{"key":"49_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Islam, R., Refat, R., Yerram, S., Malik, H.: Graph-Based Intrusion Detection System for Controller Area Networks. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2020.3025685"},{"key":"49_CR22","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1007\/11552413_157","volume-title":"Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems","author":"J Jung","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jung, J., Park, K., Cha, J.-S.: Implementation of a network-based distributed system using the CAN protocol. In: Khosla, R., Howlett, R.J., Jain, L.C. (eds.) KES 2005. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 3681, pp. 1104\u20131110. Springer, Heidelberg (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11552413_157"},{"key":"49_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kang, M., Kang, J.: Intrusion detection system using deep neural network for in-vehicle network security. Plos One 11, e0155781 (2016)","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155781"},{"key":"49_CR24","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/11940128_56","volume-title":"Algorithms and Computation","author":"\u0141 Kowalik","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kowalik, \u0141: Approximation scheme for lowest outdegree orientation and graph density measures. In: Asano, T. (ed.) ISAAC 2006. LNCS, vol. 4288, pp. 557\u2013566. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/11940128_56"},{"key":"49_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3491","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2782159","volume":"6","author":"G Loukas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Loukas, G., Vuong, T., Heartfield, R., Sakellari, G., Yoon, Y., Gan, D.: Cloud-based cyber-physical intrusion detection for vehicles using deep learning. IEEE Access 6, 3491\u20133508 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"49_CR26","first-page":"43","volume":"9","author":"M Markovitz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Markovitz, M., Wool, A.: Field classification, modeling and anomaly detection in unknown CAN bus networks. Veh. Commun. 9, 43\u201352 (2017)","journal-title":"Veh. Commun."},{"key":"49_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martinelli, F., Mercaldo, F., Nardone, V., Santone, A.: Car hacking identification through fuzzy logic algorithms (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZ-IEEE.2017.8015464"},{"key":"49_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minawi, O., Whelan, J., Almehmadi, A., El-khatib, K.: Machine learning-based intrusion detection system for controller area networks (2020)","DOI":"10.1145\/3416014.3424581"},{"key":"49_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newman, M.: Random graphs with clustering. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 058701 (2009)","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.103.058701"},{"key":"49_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1206-1565","volume":"24","author":"W Noble","year":"2006","unstructured":"Noble, W.: What is a support vector machine? Nature Biotechnol. 24, 1565\u20131567 (2006)","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnol."},{"key":"49_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1093\/comnet\/cnv005","volume":"3","author":"R Noldus","year":"2015","unstructured":"Noldus, R., Vanmieghem, P.: Assortativity in complex networks. J. Complex Netw. 3, 507\u2013542 (2015)","journal-title":"J. Complex Netw."},{"key":"49_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.4249\/scholarpedia.1883","volume":"4","author":"L Peterson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Peterson, L.: K-nearest neighbor. Scholarpedia 4, 1883 (2009)","journal-title":"Scholarpedia"},{"key":"49_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56046","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2872784","volume":"6","author":"F Salo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Salo, F., Injadat, M., Nassif, A., Shami, A., Essex, A.: Data mining techniques in intrusion detection systems: a systematic literature review. IEEE Access 6, 56046\u201356058 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"49_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seo, E., Song, H., Kim, H.: Gids: Gan based intrusion detection system for in-vehicle network (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/PST.2018.8514157"},{"key":"49_CR35","first-page":"100198","volume":"21","author":"H Song","year":"2020","unstructured":"Song, H., Woo, J., Kim, H.: In-vehicle network intrusion detection using deep convolutional neural network. Veh. Commun. 21, 100198 (2020)","journal-title":"Veh. Commun."},{"key":"49_CR36","series-title":"Integrated Series in Information Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-7641-3","volume-title":"Machine Learning Models and Algorithms for Big Data Classification","author":"S Suthaharan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Suthaharan, S.: Machine Learning Models and Algorithms for Big Data Classification. ISIS, vol. 36. Springer, Boston (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4899-7641-3"},{"key":"49_CR37","unstructured":"Tayyab, M., Hafeez, A., Malik, H.: Spoofing attack on clock based intrusion detection system in controller area networks (2018)"},{"key":"49_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2017.02.023","volume":"123","author":"A Theissler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Theissler, A.: Detecting known and unknown faults in automotive systems using ensemble-based anomaly detection. Knowl.-Based Syst. 123, 163\u2013173 (2017)","journal-title":"Knowl.-Based Syst."},{"key":"49_CR39","first-page":"5","volume":"81","author":"H Ueda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ueda, H., Kurachi, R., Takada, H., Mizutani, T., Inoue, M., Horihata, S.: Security authentication system for in-vehicle network. SEI Tech. Rev. 81, 5\u20139 (2015)","journal-title":"SEI Tech. Rev."},{"key":"49_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2019.2908074","volume":"21","author":"W Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu, W., et al.: A survey of intrusion detection for in-vehicle networks. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 21, 919\u2013933 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst."},{"key":"49_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, L., Moubayed, A., Hamieh, I., Shami, A.: Tree-based intelligent intrusion detection system in internet of vehicles (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013892"},{"key":"49_CR42","unstructured":"Charette, R.: This Car Runs on Code-IEEE Spectrum. IEEE Spectr. Technol. Engineering, And Science News https:\/\/spectrumieee.org\/green-tech\/advanced-cars\/this-car-runs-on-code (2009)"},{"key":"49_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, C.: Sangiovanni-vincentelli, A.: Cyber-security for the controller area network (CAN) communication protocol (2012)","DOI":"10.1109\/CyberSecurity.2012.7"},{"key":"49_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2013.2239301","volume":"9","author":"B Groza","year":"2013","unstructured":"Groza, B., Murvay, S.: Efficient protocols for secure broadcast in controller area networks. IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf. 9, 2034\u20132042 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf."},{"key":"49_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dinatale, M., Zeng, H., Giusto, P., Ghosal, A.: Understanding and using the Controller Area Network Communication Protocol: Theory and Practice. Springer, New York (2012) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4614-0314-2","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-0314-2"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems","Intelligent Systems and Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-82199-9_49","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]],"date-time":"2021-11-10T09:12:16Z","timestamp":1636535536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-82199-9_49"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]]},"ISBN":["9783030821982","9783030821999"],"references-count":45,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-82199-9_49","relation":{},"ISSN":["2367-3370","2367-3389"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2367-3370","type":"print"},{"value":"2367-3389","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 August 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"IntelliSys","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Proceedings of SAI Intelligent Systems Conference","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Amsterdam","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2 September 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"3 September 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"intellisys2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/saiconference.com\/IntelliSys","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}