{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T18:18:27Z","timestamp":1771611507993,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030825645","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030825652","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-82565-2_18","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T20:02:54Z","timestamp":1626811374000},"page":"216-229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Towards the Automatic Generation of Pedagogical Conversational Agents from Lecture Slides"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Matthias","family":"W\u00f6lfel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"18_CR1","unstructured":"Amazon: Alexa in higher education (2020). https:\/\/aws.amazon.com\/de\/education\/alexa-edu\/higher-education\/"},{"key":"18_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2017.08.001","volume":"115","author":"T Atapattu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Atapattu, T., Falkner, K., Falkner, N.: A comprehensive text analysis of lecture slides to generate concept maps. Comput. Educ. 115, 96\u2013113 (2017)","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"18_CR3","unstructured":"Bocklisch, T., Faulkner, J., Pawlowski, N., Nichol, A.: Rasa: open source language understanding and dialogue management. arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.05181 (2017)"},{"key":"18_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cer, D.M., et al.: Universal sentence encoder. arXiv abs\/1803.11175 (2018)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-2029"},{"key":"18_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ch, D.R., Saha, S.K.: Automatic multiple choice question generation from text: a survey. IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol. 13(1), 14\u201325 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TLT.2018.2889100","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2018.2889100"},{"key":"18_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Damonte, M., Goel, R., Chung, T.: Practical semantic parsing for spoken language understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1903.04521 (2019)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N19-2003"},{"issue":"1","key":"18_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022674","volume":"17","author":"SK D\u2019Mello","year":"2011","unstructured":"D\u2019Mello, S.K., Dowell, N., Graesser, A.: Does it really matter whether students\u2019 contributions are spoken versus typed in an intelligent tutoring system with natural language? J. Exp. Psychol. Appl. 17(1), 1 (2011)","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Appl."},{"issue":"7","key":"18_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1037\/edu0000325","volume":"111","author":"L Fiorella","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fiorella, L., Stull, A.T., Kuhlmann, S., Mayer, R.E.: Instructor presence in video lectures: the role of dynamic drawings, eye contact, and instructor visibility. J. Educ. Psychol. 111(7), 1162 (2019)","journal-title":"J. Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"18_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"F\u00f8lstad, A., Skjuve, M., Brandtzaeg, P.B.: Different chatbots for different purposes: towards a typology of chatbots to understand interaction design. In: Bodrunova, S., et al. (eds) INSCI 2018. LNCS, vol. 11551, pp. 145\u2013156. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-17705-8_13","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-17705-8_13"},{"key":"18_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F\u00fcgen, C., et al.: Advances in lecture recognition: the ISL RT-06s evaluation system. In: Ninth International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (2006)","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2006-370"},{"key":"18_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ga\u0161evi\u0107, D., Dawson, S., Rogers, T., Gasevic, D.: Learning analytics should not promote one size fits all: the effects of instructional conditions in predicting academic success. Internet High. Educ. 28, 68\u201384 (2016)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2015.10.002"},{"issue":"1","key":"18_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1007\/s40593-015-0086-4","volume":"26","author":"AC Graesser","year":"2016","unstructured":"Graesser, A.C.: Conversations with autotutor help students learn. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ. 26(1), 124\u2013132 (2016)","journal-title":"Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ."},{"key":"18_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hobert, S., Berens, F.: Small talk conversations and the long-term use of chatbots in educational settings \u2013 experiences from a field study. In: F\u00f8lstad, A., et al. (eds.) CONVERSATIONS 2019. LNCS, vol. 11970, pp. 260\u2013272. Springer, Cham (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-39540-7_18","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-39540-7_18"},{"key":"18_CR14","unstructured":"Hobert, S., Meyer von Wolff, R.: Say hello to your new automated tutor\u2013a structured literature review on pedagogical conversational agents (2019)"},{"key":"18_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacob, L., Lachner, A., Scheiter, K.: Learning by explaining orally or in written form? Text complexity matters. Learn. Instr. 68, 101344 (2020)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.learninstruc.2020.101344"},{"key":"18_CR16","unstructured":"Kelsey, E., Ray, F., Brown, D., Robson, R.: Design of a domain-independent, interactive, dialogue-based tutor for use within the GIFT framework. In: Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) Users Symposium (Giftsym3), pp. 161\u2013168 (2015)"},{"key":"18_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, K., Boelling, L., Haesler, S., Bailenson, J., Bruder, G., Welch, G.F.: Does a digital assistant need a body? The influence of visual embodiment and social behavior on the perception of intelligent virtual agents in ar. In: 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), pp. 105\u2013114. IEEE (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/ISMAR.2018.00039"},{"key":"18_CR18","unstructured":"Kolss, M., Wolfel, M., Kraft, F., Niehues, J., Paulik, M., Waibel, A.: Simultaneous german-English lecture translation. In: International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT) 2008 (2008)"},{"key":"18_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lample, G., Ballesteros, M., Subramanian, S., Kawakami, K., Dyer, C.: Neural architectures for named entity recognition. arXiv preprint arXiv:1603.01360 (2016)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-1030"},{"issue":"4","key":"18_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1017\/S1351324910000276","volume":"17","author":"C Monz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Monz, C.: Machine learning for query formulation in question answering. Nat. Lang. Eng. 17(4), 425\u2013454 (2011)","journal-title":"Nat. Lang. Eng."},{"key":"18_CR21","unstructured":"Pearl, C.: Designing Voice user Interfaces: Principles of Conversational Experiences. O\u2019Reilly Media, Inc., Sebastopol (2016)"},{"key":"18_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peters, M.E., Neumann, M., Iyyer, M., Gardner, M., Clark, C., Lee, K., Zettlemoyer, L.: Deep contextualized word representations. arXiv preprint arXiv:1802.05365 (2018)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1202"},{"key":"18_CR23","first-page":"42","volume":"34","author":"V Rus","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rus, V., D\u2019Mello, S., Hu, X., Graesser, A.: Recent advances in intelligent systems with conversational dialogue. AI Mag. 34, 42\u201354 (2013)","journal-title":"AI Mag."},{"key":"18_CR24","unstructured":"Schlobinski, P., Siever, T.: Sprachliche kommunikation in der digitalen welt. Eine repr\u00e4sentative Umfrage, durchgef\u00fchrt von forsa (1619\u20131021) (2018)"},{"issue":"4","key":"18_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s10758-019-09399-5","volume":"24","author":"S Seufert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seufert, S., Meier, C., Soellner, M., Rietsche, R.: A pedagogical perspective on big data and learning analytics: a conceptual model for digital learning support. Technol. Knowl. Learn. 24(4), 599\u2013619 (2019)","journal-title":"Technol. Knowl. Learn."},{"issue":"2","key":"18_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2010.08.005","volume":"1","author":"Y Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Sumiya, K.: Semantic ranking of lecture slides based on conceptual relationship and presentational structure. Procedia Comput. Sci. 1(2), 2801\u20132810 (2010)","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"key":"18_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, C., Yu, Z., Fong, S.: How to build a chatbot: chatbot framework and its capabilities. In: Proceedings of the 2018 10th International Conference on Machine Learning and Computing, pp. 369\u2013373 (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3195106.3195169"},{"key":"18_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winkler, R., S\u00f6llner, M.: Towards empowering educators to create their own smart personal assistants. In: Proceedings of the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2020)","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2020.005"},{"key":"18_CR29","unstructured":"W\u00f6lfel, M.: Robust automatic transcription of lectures. KIT Scientific Publishing (2009)"},{"key":"18_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W\u00f6lfel, M., Schlippe, T., Stitz, A.: Voice driven type design. In: 2015 International Conference on Speech Technology and Human-Computer Dialogue (SpeD), pp. 1\u20139. IEEE (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/SPED.2015.7343095"},{"key":"18_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Y., et al.: Multilingual universal sentence encoder for semantic retrieval (2019)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-demos.12"},{"key":"18_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zellou, G., Cohn, M.: Social and functional pressures in vocal alignment: differences for human and voice-AI interlocutors (2020)","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2020-1335"},{"key":"18_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2019.11.083","volume":"383","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., Tuo, M., Yin, Q., Qi, L., Wang, X., Liu, T.: Keywords extraction with deep neural network model. Neurocomputing 383, 113\u2013121 (2020)","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"18_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Takanobu, R., Zhu, Q., Huang, M., Zhu, X.: Recent advances and challenges in task-oriented dialog systems. Sci. China Technol. Sci., 1\u201317 (2020)","DOI":"10.1007\/s11431-020-1692-3"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering","Multimedia Technology and Enhanced Learning"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-82565-2_18","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:49:57Z","timestamp":1672879797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-82565-2_18"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030825645","9783030825652"],"references-count":34,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-82565-2_18","relation":{},"ISSN":["1867-8211","1867-822X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1867-8211","type":"print"},{"value":"1867-822X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 July 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ICMTEL","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Multimedia Technology and Enhanced Learning","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"8 April 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"9 April 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"3","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"icmtel2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/icmtel.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"EAI confyplus","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"208","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"97","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"47% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}