{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T22:40:07Z","timestamp":1756593607091,"version":"3.44.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783030828233"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783030828240"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-82824-0_1","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T19:16:32Z","timestamp":1630350992000},"page":"3-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Youths\u2019 Digital Participation in the Early Phases of COVID-19 Lockdown"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Iikka","family":"Pietil\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jenni","family":"Kallio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jari","family":"Varsaluoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kaisa","family":"V\u00e4\u00e4n\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"1_CR1","unstructured":"Albrecht, S., et al.: eParticipation \u2013 Electronic Participation of Citizens and the Business Community in eGovernment. Institut f\u00fcr Informationsmanagement Bremen GmbH (ifib) (2008)"},{"key":"1_CR2","unstructured":"Auxer, B.: Activism on Social Media Varies by Race and Ethnicity, Age, Political party. Pew Research Center, Washington, D.C. (2020)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191","volume":"84","author":"A Bandura","year":"1977","unstructured":"Bandura, A.: Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychol. Rev. 84(2), 191\u2013215 (1977). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"1_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511527692","volume-title":"Self-efficacy in Changing Societies","author":"A Bandura","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bandura, A.: Self-efficacy in Changing Societies. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1995)"},{"key":"1_CR5","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Self-efficacy Beliefs of Adolescents","author":"A Bandura","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bandura, A.: Guide for creating self-efficacy scales. In: Pajares, F., Urdan, T. (eds.) Self-efficacy Beliefs of Adolescents, pp. 307\u2013337. Information Age Publishing, Greenwich (2006)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000665","volume":"34","author":"J Blanc","year":"2021","unstructured":"Blanc, J., Briggs, A.Q., Seixas, A.A., Reid, M., Jean-Louis, G., Pandi-Perumal, S.R.: Addressing psychological resilience during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a rapid review. Curr. Opin. Psychiatry 34(1), 29\u201335 (2021)","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"1_CR7","first-page":"275","volume":"314","author":"J Bland","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bland, J., Altman, D.: Statistics notes: cronbach\u2019s alpha. BMJ 314, 275 (1997)","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","volume":"3","author":"V Braun","year":"2006","unstructured":"Braun, V., Clarke, V.: Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual. Res. Psychol. 3(2), 77\u2013101 (2006)","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"1_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/0260-6917(91)90009-Y","volume":"11","author":"P Burnard","year":"1991","unstructured":"Burnard, P.: A method of analysing interview transcripts in qualitative research. Nurse Educ. Today 11(6), 461\u2013466 (1991). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0260-6917(91)90009-Y","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2010.09.017","volume":"33","author":"B Checkoway","year":"2011","unstructured":"Checkoway, B.: What is youth participation? Child Youth Serv. Rev. 33(2), 340\u2013345 (2011)","journal-title":"Child Youth Serv. Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"1_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2020046","volume":"61","author":"QH Chew","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chew, Q.H., Wei, K.C., Vasoo, S., Chua, H.C., Sim, K.: Narrative synthesis of psychological and coping responses towards emerging infectious disease outbreaks in the general population: practical considerations for the COVID-19 pandemic. Singapore Med. J. 61(7), 350\u2013356 (2020)","journal-title":"Singapore Med. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"1_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2307\/249688","volume":"19","author":"D Compeau","year":"1995","unstructured":"Compeau, D., Higgins, C.: Computer self-efficacy: development of a measure and initial test. MIS Q. 19(2), 189\u2013211 (1995). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/249688","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"key":"1_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cronbach, L.J.: Coefficient alpha and the interval structure of tests. Psychometrika 16, 297\u2013334 (1951)","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02310555"},{"key":"1_CR14","unstructured":"Finnish Government (2021). https:\/\/valtioneuvosto.fi\/en\/frontpage"},{"key":"1_CR15","volume-title":"The Discovery of Grounded Theory","author":"BG Glaser","year":"1967","unstructured":"Glaser, B.G., Strauss, A.L.: The Discovery of Grounded Theory. Aldine, New York (1967)"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alter.2016.02.002","volume":"10","author":"E H\u00e4stbacka","year":"2016","unstructured":"H\u00e4stbacka, E., Nyg\u00e5rd, M., Nyqvist, F.: Barriers and facilitators to societal participation of people with disabilities: a scoping review of studies concerning European countries. Alter 10(3), 201\u2013220 (2016)","journal-title":"Alter"},{"key":"1_CR17","unstructured":"Herkama, S., Repo, J.: Valmistuitko koronakev\u00e4\u00e4n\u00e4? Kyselytutkimus toisen asteen opinnoista valmistumassa olleille nuorille. University of Turku (2020). https:\/\/research.utu.fi\/converis\/portal\/Publication\/51667985?lang=fi_FI"},{"key":"1_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howard, M.: Creation of a computer self-efficacy measure: analysis of internal consistency, psychometric properties, and validity. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Network. 17(10), 677\u2013681. 1089\/cyber.2014.0255","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2014.0255"},{"key":"1_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu, P.L.: COVID-19 information seeking on digital media and preventive behaviors: the mediation role of worry. Cyberpsychol. Beh. Soc. Netw. 23(10), 677\u2013682 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2020.0250","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2020.0250"},{"issue":"8","key":"1_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494812465030","volume":"40","author":"K Malterud","year":"2012","unstructured":"Malterud, K.: Systematic text condensation: a strategy for qualitative analysis. Scandinavian J. Public Health 40(8), 2012 (2012)","journal-title":"Scandinavian J. Public Health"},{"key":"1_CR21","unstructured":"Meril\u00e4inen, N., Pietil\u00e4, I., Varsaluoma, J.: Digital Services and Youth Participation in Processes of Social Change: World Caf\u00e9 Workshops in Finland. Presented at 2018 ECPR General Conference, Universit\u00e4t Hamburg (2018)"},{"key":"1_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merry, S.N., et al.: Debate: Supporting the mental health of school students in the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand \u2013 a digital ecosystem approach. Child Adolescent Mental Health 25(4), 267\u2013269 (2020)","DOI":"10.1111\/camh.12429"},{"issue":"9","key":"1_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.34172\/aim.2020.76","volume":"23","author":"F Mohammadzadeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mohammadzadeh, F., Noghabi, A.D., Khosravan, S., Bazeli, J., Armanmehr, V., Paykani, T.: Anxiety severity levels and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic among people aged 15 years and above in gonabad, iran. Arch. Iran. Med. 23(9), 633\u2013638 (2020)","journal-title":"Arch. Iran. Med."},{"key":"1_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Montag, C., Elhai, J.D.: Discussing digital technology overuse in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: on the importance of considering affective neuroscience theory. Add. Behav. Rep. 12, 100313 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abrep.2020.100313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abrep.2020.100313"},{"key":"1_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mushquash, A.R., Grassia, E.: Coping during COVID-19: examining student stress and depressive symptoms. J. Am. College Health 1\u20134 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07448481.2020.1865379","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2020.1865379"},{"key":"1_CR26","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.29379\/jedem.v11i1.542","volume":"11","author":"M Nilsson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nilsson, M., Barbutiu, S.M.: E-participation for increased citizen engagement? a case from Uganda. JeDEM \u2013 eJ. eDemocracy Open Govern. 11(1), 14\u201336 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29379\/jedem.v11i1.542","journal-title":"JeDEM \u2013 eJ. eDemocracy Open Govern."},{"issue":"4","key":"1_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infoandorg.2014.08.001","volume":"24","author":"E Panopoulou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Panopoulou, E., Tambouris, E., Tarabanis, K.: Success factors in designing eParticipation initiatives. Inf. Organ. 24(4), 195\u2013213 (2014)","journal-title":"Inf. Organ."},{"issue":"1","key":"1_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.29379\/jedem.v12i1.585","volume":"12","author":"F Omotayo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Omotayo, F., Folorunso, M.B.: Use of social media for political participation by youths. JeDEM - EJournal EDemocracy Open Govern. 12(1), 132\u2013157 (2020)","journal-title":"JeDEM - EJournal EDemocracy Open Govern."},{"key":"1_CR30","unstructured":"Pajares, F., Urdan, T.: Self-Efficacy Beliefs of Adolescents. Green-wich, Conn., IAP - Information Age Pub., Inc. (2006)"},{"key":"1_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pearman, A., Hughes, M.L., Smith, E.L., Neupert, S.D.: Age differences in risk and resilience factors in COVID-19-related stress. J. Gerontol. Ser. B, Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. 76(2), e38\u2013e44. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geronb\/gbaa120","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbaa120"},{"key":"1_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Petzold, M.B., et al.: Risk, resilience, psychological distress, and anxiety at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Brain Behav. 10(9) (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.1745","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1745"},{"key":"1_CR33","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-29384-0_28","volume-title":"Human-Computer Interaction \u2013 INTERACT 2019","author":"I Pietil\u00e4","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pietil\u00e4, I., Varsaluoma, J., V\u00e4\u00e4n\u00e4nen, K.: Understanding the digital and non-digital participation by the gaming youth. In: Lamas, D., Loizides, F., Nacke, L., Petrie, H., Winckler, M., Zaphiris, P. (eds.) INTERACT 2019. LNCS, vol. 11747, pp. 453\u2013471. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-29384-0_28"},{"key":"1_CR34","unstructured":"Polizzi, C., Lynn, S., Perry, A.: Stress and coping in the time of COVID-19: pathways to resilience and recovery. Clin. Neuropsych. 17(2), 59\u201362 (2020)"},{"issue":"21","key":"1_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9133","DOI":"10.3390\/su12219133","volume":"12","author":"M Salin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salin, M., Kaittila, A., Hakovirta, M., Anttila, M.: Family coping strategies during Finland\u2019s COVID-19 lockdown. Sustainability 12(21), 9133 (2020)","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"3","key":"1_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giq.2007.04.007","volume":"25","author":"\u00d8 S\u00e6b\u00f8","year":"2008","unstructured":"S\u00e6b\u00f8, \u00d8., Rose, J., Skiftenes Flak, L.: The shape of eParticipation: characterizing an emerging research area. Gov. Inf. Q. 25(3), 400\u2013428 (2008)","journal-title":"Gov. Inf. Q."},{"key":"1_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shanahan, L., et al.: Emotional distress in young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence of risk and resilience from a longitudinal cohort study. Psychol. Med. 1\u201310 (2020)","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329172000241X"},{"key":"1_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tejedor, S., Cervi, L., P\u00e9rez-Escoda, A., Tusa, F.: Smartphone usage among students during COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, Italy and Ecuador. Paper presented at the ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 571\u2013576 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3434780.3436587","DOI":"10.1145\/3434780.3436587"},{"key":"1_CR39","unstructured":"The UN: Youth and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2018). https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/youth\/world-youth-report\/wyr2018.html"},{"key":"1_CR40","unstructured":"Trafimow, D., et al.: Manipulating the alpha level cannot cure significance testing. Front. Psychol. 9, 699 (2018)"},{"key":"1_CR41","unstructured":"Van Kessel, P., Widjaya, R., Shah, S., Smith, A., Hughes, A.: Congress Soars to New Heights on Social Media. Pew Research Center, Washington, D.C., July 16th, 2020. Retrieved February 27th from https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2020\/07\/16\/congress-soars-to-new-heights-on-socialmedia\/"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Electronic Participation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-82824-0_1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T22:02:35Z","timestamp":1756591355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-82824-0_1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030828233","9783030828240"],"references-count":41,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-82824-0_1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 August 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ePart","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Electronic Participation","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Granada","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Spain","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"7 September 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"9 September 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"13","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"epart2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/dgsociety.org\/egov-2021\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"EasyChair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"37","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"16","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"43% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}