{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T12:58:43Z","timestamp":1773665923102,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030851125","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030851132","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-85113-2_11","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T20:02:44Z","timestamp":1644350564000},"page":"197-215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["COVID-19\u2019s Clinical-Pathological Evidence in Relation to Its Repercussion on the Central and Peripheral Nervous System"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Amanda Menezes","family":"Morgado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Luiza Menezes Santana","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther Barbosa Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Felix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Correia Saraiva","family":"J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia Bit\u00fa","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Modesto Leite Rolim","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Lu\u00edza","family":"de Aguiar Rocha Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"11_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.05.017","volume":"77","author":"I Ahmad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmad I, Rathore FA (2020) Neurological manifestations and complications of COVID-19: a literature review. J Clin Neurosci 77:8\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.05.017","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"11_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00518","volume":"11","author":"MU Ahmed","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ahmed MU, Hanif M, Ali MJ et al (2020) Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2): a review. Front Neurol 11:518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2020.00518","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"11_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.116832","volume":"413","author":"AA Asadi-Pooya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Asadi-Pooya AA, Simani L (2020) Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review. J Neurol Sci 413:116832. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2020.116832","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"11_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.077","volume":"87","author":"A Avula","year":"2020","unstructured":"Avula A, Nalleballe K, Narula N et al (2020) COVID-19 presenting as stroke. Brain Behav Immun 87:115\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.077","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"11_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.0c00122","volume":"11","author":"AM Baig","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baig AM, Khaleeq A, Ali U, Syeda H (2020) Evidence of the COVID-19 virus targeting the CNS: tissue distribution, host\u2212virus interaction, and proposed neurotropic mechanisms. ACS Chem Neurosci 11:995\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acschemneuro.0c00122","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"11_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-020-00840-5","volume":"26","author":"JR Berger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Berger JR (2020) COVID-19 and the nervous system. J Neurovirol 26:143\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13365-020-00840-5","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"11_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00386","volume":"12","author":"K Bohmwald","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bohmwald K, G\u00e1lvez NMS, R\u00edos M, Kalergis AM (2018) Neurologic alterations due to respiratory virus infections. Front Cell Neurosci 12:386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2018.00386","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"11_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1590\/S0482-50042010000300006","volume":"50","author":"J Carvalho","year":"2010","unstructured":"Carvalho J, Caleiro M, Vendramini M et al (2010) Clinical and laboratory evaluation of patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome according to the frequency of antinuclear antibodies (ANA Hep-2). Rev Bras Rheumatol 50(3):262\u2013272","journal-title":"Rev Bras Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"11_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa078","volume":"116","author":"L Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen L, Li X, Chen M, Feng Y, Xiong C (2020a) The ACE2 expression in human heart indicates new potential mechanism of heart injury among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Cardiovasc Res 116(6):1097\u20131100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa078","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"11_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen R, Wang K, Yu J et al (2020b) The spatial and cell-type distribution of SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in human and mouse brain. bioRxiv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.07.030650","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.07.030650"},{"issue":"9","key":"11_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30221-0","volume":"19","author":"MA Ellul","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ellul MA, Benjamin L, Singh B et al (2020) Neurological associations of COVID-19. Lancet Neurol 19(9):767\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30221-0","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"11_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00640","volume":"11","author":"B Fiani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fiani B, Covarrubias C, Desai A, Sekhon M, Jarrah R (2020) A contemporary review of neurological sequelae of COVID-19. Front Neurol 11:640. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2020.00640","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"11_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.7352","volume":"12","author":"A Filatov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Filatov A, Sharma P, Hindi F, Espinosa PS (2020) Neurological complications of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Encephalopathy. Cureus 12(3):e7352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.7352","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"11_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104362","volume":"127","author":"D Giannis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Giannis D, Ziogas IA, Gianni P (2020) Coagulation disorders in coronavirus infected patients: COVID-19, SARSCoV-1, MERS-CoV and lessons from the past. J Clin Virol 127:104362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104362","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"7","key":"11_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6588","volume":"41","author":"MF Goldberg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goldberg MF, Goldberg MF, Cerejo R, Tayal AH (2020) Cerebrovascular disease in COVID-19. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 41(7):1170\u20131172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A6588","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"11_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Ortiz C, M\u00e9ndez A, Rodrigo-Rey S et al (2020) Miller fisher syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis in COVID-19. Neurology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009619","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009619"},{"key":"11_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2020-000382","volume":"5","author":"H Jin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jin H, Hong C, Chen S et al (2020) Consensus for prevention and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for neurologists. Stroke Vasc Neurol 5:e000382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/svn-2020-000382","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Neurol"},{"key":"11_CR020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kutter JS, Spronken MI, Fraaij PL et al (2018) Transmission routes of respiratory viruses among humans. Curr Opin Virol. 28:142\u2013151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coviro.2018.01.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2018.01.001"},{"issue":"3","key":"11_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2020-000431","volume":"5","author":"Y Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li Y, Li M, Wang M et al (2020) Acute cerebrovascular disease following COVID-19: a single center, retrospective, observational study. Stroke Vasc Neurol 5(3):279\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/svn-2020-000431","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Neurol"},{"key":"11_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-020-04103-5","volume":"99","author":"X Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu X, Zhang R, He G (2020) Hematological findings in coronavirus disease 2019: indications of progression of disease. Ann Hematol 99:1421\u20131428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-020-04103-5","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"11_CR20","volume-title":"Functional neuroanatomy","author":"A Machado","year":"2014","unstructured":"Machado A, Haertel LM (2014) Functional neuroanatomy, 3rd edn. Atheneu","edition":"3"},{"issue":"6","key":"11_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.1127","volume":"77","author":"L Mao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mao L, Jin H, Wang M et al (2020) Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Neurol 77(6):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.1127","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"11_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.062","volume":"94","author":"T Moriguchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Moriguchi T, Harii N, Goto J et al (2020) A first case of meningitis\/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2. Int J Infect Dis 94:55\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.062","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"11_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20200051","volume":"78","author":"RP Munhoz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Munhoz RP, Pedroso JL, Nascimento FA et al (2020) Neurological complications in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 78(5):290\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0004-282x20200051","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"11_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e87","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa096","volume":"116","author":"E Murray","year":"2020","unstructured":"Murray E, Tomaszewski M, Guzik TJ (2020) Binding of SARS-CoV-2 and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: clinical implications. Cardiovasc Res 116(7):e87\u2013e89. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa096","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"11_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.36660\/abc.20200308","volume":"114","author":"JHP Nascimento","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nascimento JHP, Gomes BFO, J\u00fanior PRC et al (2020) COVID-19 and hypercoagulable state: a new therapeutic perspective. Arq Bras Cardiol 114(5):829\u2013833. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36660\/abc.20200308","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"11_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14277","volume":"27","author":"S Natoli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Natoli S, Oliveira V, Calabresi P, Maia LF, Pisani A (2020) Does SARS-Cov-2 invade the brain? Translational lessons from animal models. Eur J Neurol 27:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.14277","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"15","key":"11_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7264","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00737-08","volume":"82","author":"J Netland","year":"2008","unstructured":"Netland J, Meyerholz DK, Moore S, Cassell M, Perlman S (2008) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2. J Virol 82(15):7264\u20137275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.00737-08","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"11_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25915","volume":"92","author":"A Paniz-Mondolfi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Paniz-Mondolfi A, Bryce C, Grimes Z et al (2020) Central nervous system involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). J Med Virol 92:699\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.25915","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"11_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-507X2011000200016","volume":"23","author":"H Rojas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rojas H, Ritter C, Dal PF (2011) Mechanisms of dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier in critically ill patients: emphasis on the role of matrix metalloproteinases. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 23(2):222\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0103-507X2011000200016","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ter Intensiva"},{"key":"11_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Romero-Sanch\u00e9z CM, D\u00edaz-Maroto I, Fern\u00e1ndez-D\u00edaz E et al (2020) Neurologic manifestations in hospitalizes patients with COVID-19: the ALBACOVID. Neurology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009937","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009937"},{"issue":"3","key":"11_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1590\/S0365-05962005000300002","volume":"80","author":"JR Santamaria","year":"2005","unstructured":"Santamaria JR, Badziak D, Barros MF et al (2005) Antiphospholipid syndrome. An Bras Dermatol 80(3):225\u2013239","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"11_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2020.03.012","volume":"39","author":"HK Siddiqi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Siddiqi HK, Mehra MR (2020) COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: a clinical\u2212therapeutic staging proposal. J Heart Lung Transplant 39(5):405\u2013407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healun.2020.03.012","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"issue":"3","key":"11_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13473","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13473","volume":"229","author":"L Steardo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Steardo L, Steardo L Jr, Zorec R, Verkhratsky A (2020) Neuroinfection may contribute to pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of COVID-19. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 229(3):e13473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apha.13473","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (Oxf)"},{"key":"11_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14810","volume":"18","author":"J Thachil","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thachil J, Tang N, Gando S et al (2020) ISTH interim guidance on recognition and management of coagulopathy in COVID-19. J Thromb Haemost 18:1023\u20131026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jth.14810","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"11_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628642093203","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286420932036","volume":"13","author":"G Tsivgoulis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tsivgoulis G, Palaiodimou L, Katsanos AH et al (2020) Neurological manifestations and implications of COVID-19 pandemic. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 13:1756286420932036. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1756286420932036","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"11_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.03.031","volume":"87","author":"Y Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu Y, Xu X, Chen Z et al (2020) Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses. Brain Behav Immun 87:18\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.03.031","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"11","key":"11_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.608257","volume":"42","author":"Y Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang Y, Rosenberg GA (2011) Blood-brain barrier breakdown in acute and chronic cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 42(11):3323\u20133328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.608257","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"17","key":"11_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2007575","volume":"382","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Xiao M, Zhang S et al (2020) Coagulopathy and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 382(17):e38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMc2007575","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology","Coronavirus Therapeutics \u2013 Volume II"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-85113-2_11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]],"date-time":"2022-05-05T21:08:28Z","timestamp":1651784908000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-85113-2_11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030851125","9783030851132"],"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-85113-2_11","relation":{},"ISSN":["0065-2598","2214-8019"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0065-2598","type":"print"},{"value":"2214-8019","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 February 2022","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}