{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T06:26:32Z","timestamp":1748413592902,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783030860615"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783030860622"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86062-2_43","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T02:17:10Z","timestamp":1632190630000},"page":"415-430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cognitive Properties of Representations: A Framework"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0355-5955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter C.-H.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7327-7225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grecia","family":"Garcia Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9207-6621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Raggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3312-5267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron","family":"Stockdill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2772-2532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateja","family":"Jamnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"43_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog2601_3","volume":"26","author":"JR Anderson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Anderson, J.R.: Spanning seven orders of magnitude: a challenge for cognitive modeling. Cogn. Sci. 26, 85\u2013112 (2002)","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"43_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog2606_1","volume":"26","author":"PC-H Cheng","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cheng, P.C.-H.: Electrifying diagrams for learning: principles for effective representational systems. Cogn. Sci. 26(6), 685\u2013736 (2002)","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"43_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-8765.2009.01065.x","volume":"3","author":"PC-H Cheng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cheng, P.C.-H.: Probably good diagrams for learning: representational epistemic re-codification of probability theory. Top. Cogn. Sci. 3(3), 475\u2013498 (2011)","journal-title":"Top. Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"43_CR4","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-42333-3_2","volume-title":"Diagrammatic Representation and Inference","author":"P-H Cheng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cheng, P.-H.: What constitutes an effective representation? In: Jamnik, M., Uesaka, Y., Elzer Schwartz, S. (eds.) Diagrams 2016. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 9781, pp. 17\u201331. Springer, Cham (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-42333-3_2"},{"key":"43_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1126\/science.229.4716.828","volume":"229","author":"WS Cleveland","year":"1985","unstructured":"Cleveland, W.S., McGill, R.: Graphical perception and graphical methods for analysing scientific data. Science 229, 828\u2013833 (1985)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"43_CR6","volume-title":"Principles of Mental Imagery","author":"RA Finke","year":"1989","unstructured":"Finke, R.A.: Principles of Mental Imagery. The MIT Press, Cambridge (1989)"},{"key":"43_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gurr, C.A.: On the isomorphism, or lack of it, of representations. In: Marriott, K., Meyer, B. (eds.) Visual Language Theory, pp. 293\u2013306. Springer, New York (1998). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4612-1676-6_10","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-1676-6_10"},{"key":"43_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0956-7976.2005.00782.x","volume":"16","author":"GS Halford","year":"2005","unstructured":"Halford, G.S., Baker, R., McCredden, J.E., Bain, J.D.: How many variables can humans process? Psychol. Sci. 16, 70\u201376 (2005)","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"43_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jamnik, M., Cheng, P.C.-H.: Endowing machines with the expert human ability to select representations: why and how. In: Muggleton, S., Chater, N. (eds.) Human Like Machine Intelligence. Chapter 18. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2021). (in press)","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198862536.003.0018"},{"key":"43_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1404_2","volume":"14","author":"KR Koedinger","year":"1990","unstructured":"Koedinger, K.R., Anderson, J.R.: Abstract planning and perceptual chunks: elements of expertise in geometry. Cogn. Sci. 14, 511\u2013550 (1990)","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"43_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(85)90009-X","volume":"17","author":"K Kotovsky","year":"1985","unstructured":"Kotovsky, K., Hayes, J.R., Simon, H.A.: Why are some problems hard? Cogn. Psychol. 17, 248\u2013294 (1985)","journal-title":"Cogn. Psychol."},{"key":"43_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1551-6708.1987.tb00863.x","volume":"11","author":"JH Larkin","year":"1987","unstructured":"Larkin, J.H., Simon, H.A.: Why a diagram is (sometimes) worth ten thousand words. Cogn. Sci. 11, 65\u201399 (1987)","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"43_CR13","volume-title":"Knowledge Representation","author":"AB Markman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Markman, A.B.: Knowledge Representation. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah (1999)"},{"key":"43_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1037\/h0043158","volume":"63","author":"GA Miller","year":"1956","unstructured":"Miller, G.A.: The magical number seven plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for information processing. Psychol. Rev. 63, 81\u201397 (1956)","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"43_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2009.67","volume":"35","author":"DL Moody","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moody, D.L.: The \u201cphysics\u201d of notations: toward a scientific basis for constructing visual notations in software engineering. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 35(6), 756\u2013779 (2009)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng."},{"key":"43_CR16","volume-title":"Unified Theories of Cognition","author":"A Newell","year":"1990","unstructured":"Newell, A.: Unified Theories of Cognition. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1990)"},{"key":"43_CR17","volume-title":"Human Problem Solving","author":"A Newell","year":"1972","unstructured":"Newell, A., Simon, H.A.: Human Problem Solving. Prentice-Hall, NJ (1972)"},{"key":"43_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raggi, D., Stapleton, G., Stockdill, A., Jamnik, M., Garcia Garcia, G., Cheng, P.C.-H.: How to (re)represent it?. In: 2020 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI), pp. 1224\u20131232. IEEE, Baltimore (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICTAI50040.2020.00185"},{"key":"43_CR19","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-54249-8_11","volume-title":"Diagrammatic Representation and Inference","author":"D Raggi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raggi, D., Stockdill, A., Jamnik, M., Garcia Garcia, G., Sutherland, H.E.A., Cheng, P.-H.: Dissecting representations. In: Pietarinen, A.-V., Chapman, P., Bosveld-de Smet, L., Giardino, V., Corter, J., Linker, S. (eds.) Diagrams 2020. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 12169, pp. 144\u2013152. Springer, Cham (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-54249-8_11"},{"key":"43_CR20","volume-title":"Semantic Properties of Diagrams and their Cognitive Potentials","author":"A Shimojima","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shimojima, A.: Semantic Properties of Diagrams and their Cognitive Potentials. CSLI Press, Stanford (2015)"},{"key":"43_CR21","volume-title":"Sciences of the Artificial","author":"HA Simon","year":"1981","unstructured":"Simon, H.A.: Sciences of the Artificial, 2nd edn. MIT Press, Cambridge (1981)","edition":"2"},{"issue":"2684","key":"43_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1126\/science.103.2684.677","volume":"103","author":"SS Stevens","year":"1946","unstructured":"Stevens, S.S.: On the theory of scales of measurement. Science 103(2684), 677\u2013680 (1946)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"43_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sockdill, A., et al.: Correspondence-based analogies for choosing problem representations. In: 2020 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL\/HCC), pp. 1\u20135. IEEE, Dunedin (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/VL\/HCC50065.2020.9127258"},{"issue":"2","key":"43_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1202_4","volume":"12","author":"J Sweller","year":"1988","unstructured":"Sweller, J.: Cognitive load during problem solving: effects on learning. Cogn. Sci. 12(2), 257\u2013285 (1988)","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"43_CR25","unstructured":"van Someren, M.W., Reimann, P., Boshuizen, H.P.A., de Jong, T.: Learning with multiple representations. Advances in Learning and Instruction Series. ERIC (1998)"},{"key":"43_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1006\/ijhc.1996.0042","volume":"45","author":"J Zhang","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zhang, J.: A representational analysis of relational information displays. Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud. 45, 59\u201374 (1996)","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud."},{"issue":"2","key":"43_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog2102_3","volume":"21","author":"J Zhang","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zhang, J.: The nature of external representations in problem solving. Cogn. Sci. 21(2), 179\u2013217 (1997)","journal-title":"Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"43_CR28","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Norman, D.A.: A cognitive taxonomy of numeration systems. In: Proc. of the 15th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, pp. 1098\u20131103. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale (1993)"},{"issue":"3","key":"43_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(95)00674-3","volume":"57","author":"J Zhang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Zhang, J., Norman, D.A.: A representational analysis of numeration systems. Cognition 57(3), 271\u2013295 (1995)","journal-title":"Cognition"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Diagrammatic Representation and Inference"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86062-2_43","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]],"date-time":"2021-12-04T00:05:12Z","timestamp":1638576312000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86062-2_43"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030860615","9783030860622"],"references-count":29,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86062-2_43","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 September 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"Diagrams","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Theory and Application of Diagrams","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"28 September 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"30 September 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"12","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"diagrams2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/www.diagrams-conference.org\/2021\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}