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While difficult to size, we know that it exceeds proxies such as the global online advertising market which is now over $300 billion with a reach of 60% of the world population. A discussion of the attention economy naturally leads to the data economy and collecting data from large-scale interactions with consumers. We discuss the impact of AI in this setting, particularly of biased data, unfair algorithms, and a user-machine feedback loop tainted by digital manipulation and the cognitive biases of users. The impact includes loss of privacy, unfair digital markets, and many ethical implications that affect society as a whole. The goal is to outline that a new science for understanding, valuing, and responsibly navigating and benefiting from attention and data is much needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86144-5_18","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T09:02:41Z","timestamp":1637658161000},"page":"123-134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Attention Economy and the Impact of Artificial Intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Baeza-Yates","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Usama M.","family":"Fayyad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"18_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abid, Abubakar; Farooqi, Maheen; Zou, James. 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