{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:33:29Z","timestamp":1769906009459,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030861438","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030861445","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des digitalen Humanismus"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Technology giants owe much of their success to fundamental improvements in the science and technology of information and communications technology. However, complementary advancements were also necessary, and, much as firms had to learn to incorporate electricity in the last nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, we posit that the giant platforms have learned to harness the contributions of external actors in order to grow more rapidly than would otherwise have been possible. Thus, the drivers of the dramatic rise of the tech giant platform firm can be viewed as a business model innovation as well as a technical innovation. As orchestration business models become better understood, we expect that firms in non-platform sectors are increasingly likely to adapt practices that also allow them to participate in and benefit from external value creation. At the same time, we expect regulatory scrutiny to increase as the power and reach of technology giants increases and their influence is felt across the economy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86144-5_22","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T09:02:41Z","timestamp":1637658161000},"page":"159-163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Business Model Innovation and the Rise of Technology Giants"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Geoffrey G.","family":"Parker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"22_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brynjolfsson, E. and Hitt, L.M., 2000. Beyond computation: Information technology, organizational transformation and business performance. Journal of Economic perspectives, 14(4), pp.23-48.","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.14.4.23"},{"key":"22_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cabral, L., Haucap, J., Parker, G., Petropoulos, G., Valletti, T. and Van Alstyne, M., 2021. The EU Digital Markets Act, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, ISBN 978-92-76-29788-8, doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2760\/139337, JRC122910.","DOI":"10.2760\/139337"},{"key":"22_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Constantinides, Panos, Ola Henfridsson, and Geoffrey G. Parker. 2018. \u201cIntroduction\u2014Platforms and Infrastructures in the Digital Age.\u201d Information Systems Research 29, no. 2: 381\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1287\/isre.2018.0794.","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.2018.0794"},{"key":"22_CR4","unstructured":"Harford, T. \u201cWhy didn\u2019t electricity immediately change manufacturing.\u201d BBC World Service 50 (2017). Retrieved on 5-April-2021 from https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/business-40673694."},{"key":"22_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Helfat, Constance E., and Ruth S. Raubitschek. 2018. \u201cDynamic and integrative capabilities for profiting from innovation in digital platform-based ecosystems.\u201d Research Policy 47.8: 1391-1399.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2018.01.019"},{"key":"22_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Parker, Geoffrey, Marshall Van Alstyne, and Xiaoyue Jiang. 2017. \u201cPlatform Ecosystems: How Developers Invert the Firm.\u201d MIS Quarterly 41, no. 1: 255\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25300\/misq\/2017\/41.1.13.","DOI":"10.25300\/misq\/2017\/41.1.13"},{"key":"22_CR7","unstructured":"Roth, Alvin E. 2007. \u201cThe art of designing markets.\u201d Harvard Business Review 85.10: 118."},{"key":"22_CR8","unstructured":"Shapiro, Carl, and Hal R. Varian. 1998 Information rules: A strategic guide to the network economy. Harvard Business Press."},{"key":"22_CR9","volume-title":"Markets and hierarchies: analysis and antitrust implications: a study in the economics of internal organization","author":"OE Williamson","year":"1975","unstructured":"Williamson, O.E., 1975. Markets and hierarchies: analysis and antitrust implications: a study in the economics of internal organization. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign\u2019s Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship."},{"key":"22_CR10","unstructured":"Womack, J. P., Jones, D. T., & Roos, D. 1990. The Machine that Changed the World. Simon and Schuster."}],"container-title":["Perspectives on Digital Humanism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86144-5_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T04:55:35Z","timestamp":1643259335000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86144-5_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]]},"ISBN":["9783030861438","9783030861445"],"references-count":10,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86144-5_22","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 November 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}