{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:47:52Z","timestamp":1772239672890,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030865160","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030865177","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86517-7_24","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T10:08:05Z","timestamp":1631182085000},"page":"381-396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["TagRec: Automated Tagging of Questions with Hierarchical Learning Taxonomy"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"V.","family":"Venktesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mukesh","family":"Mohania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vikram","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"24_CR1","unstructured":"Beltagy, I., Peters, M.E., Cohan, A.: Longformer: The long-document transformer. arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.05150 (2020)"},{"key":"24_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cer, D., et al.: Universal sentence encoder for English. In: Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations, pp. 169\u2013174. Association for Computational Linguistics, Brussels, Belgium, November 2018","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-2029"},{"key":"24_CR3","unstructured":"Devlin, J., Chang, M., Lee, K., Toutanova, K.: BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. CoRR abs\/1810.04805 (2018)"},{"key":"24_CR4","unstructured":"Frome, A., et al.: DeViSE: a deep visual-semantic embedding model. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 2121\u20132129 (2013)"},{"key":"24_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kozareva, Z.: Everyone likes shopping! multi-class product categorization for e-commerce. In: Proceedings of the 2015 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp. 1329\u20131333 (2015)","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/N15-1147"},{"key":"24_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lei, T., Shi, Z., Liu, D., Yang, L., Zhu, F.: A novel CNN-based method for question classification in intelligent question answering. In: Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Algorithms, Computing and Artificial Intelligence. ACAI 2018. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3302425.3302483"},{"key":"24_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, W., Jiao, J., Zhang, R.: TwinBERT: distilling knowledge to twin-structured compressed BERT models for large-scale retrieval, pp. 2645\u20132652. CIKM 2020. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2020)","DOI":"10.1145\/3340531.3412747"},{"key":"24_CR8","unstructured":"Mikolov, T., Sutskever, I., Chen, K., Corrado, G., Dean, J.: Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems - Volume 2, pp. 3111\u20133119. NIPS 2013, Curran Associates Inc., Red Hook, NY, USA (2013)"},{"key":"24_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pagliardini, M., Gupta, P., Jaggi, M.: Unsupervised learning of sentence embeddings using compositional n-gram features. arXiv preprint arXiv:1703.02507 (2017)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1049"},{"key":"24_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pennington, J., Socher, R., Manning, C.: GloVe: global vectors for word representation. In: Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pp. 1532\u20131543. Association for Computational Linguistics, Doha, Qatar, October 2014","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162"},{"key":"24_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reimers, N., Gurevych, I.: Sentence-BERT: sentence embeddings using Siamese BERT-networks. In: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics, Hong Kong, China, November 2019","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1410"},{"key":"24_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sinha, K., Dong, Y., Cheung, J.C.K., Ruths, D.: A hierarchical neural attention-based text classifier. In: Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 817\u2013823 (2018)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1094"},{"key":"24_CR13","unstructured":"Snell, J., Swersky, K., Zemel, R.: Prototypical networks for few-shot learning. In: Advances in neural information processing systems, pp. 4077\u20134087 (2017)"},{"key":"24_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, L., Li, M.Y., Kok, S.: E-commerce product categorization via machine translation. ACM Trans. Manage. Inf. Syst. 11(3), 1\u201314 (2020)","DOI":"10.1145\/3382189"},{"key":"24_CR15","unstructured":"Vaswani, A., et al.: Attention is all you need. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 5998\u20136008 (2017)"},{"key":"24_CR16","unstructured":"Wolf, T., et al.: Transformers: state-of-the-art natural language processing. In: Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations, October 2020"},{"key":"24_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xia, W., Zhu, W., Liao, B., Chen, M., Cai, L., Huang, L.: Novel architecture for long short-term memory used in question classification. Neurocomputing 299, 20\u201331 (2018)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2018.03.020"},{"key":"24_CR18","unstructured":"Xu, D., et al.: Multi-class hierarchical question classification for multiple choice science exams. In: Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pp. 5370\u20135382. European Language Resources Association, Marseille, France, May 2020"},{"key":"24_CR19","unstructured":"Yu, H.F., Ho, C.H., Arunachalam, P., Somaiya, M., Lin, C.J.: Product title classification versus text classification. Csie. Ntu. Edu. Tw, pp. 1\u201325 (2012)"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Applied Data Science Track"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86517-7_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T22:08:10Z","timestamp":1757369290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86517-7_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030865160","9783030865177"],"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86517-7_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 September 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ECML PKDD","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Joint European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Bilbao","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Spain","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"13 September 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"17 September 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"21","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"ecml2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/2021.ecmlpkdd.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"EasyChair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"869","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"210","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"24% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3-4","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3-9","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"The conference was held online due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","order":10,"name":"additional_info_on_review_process","label":"Additional Info on Review Process","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}