{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T19:28:02Z","timestamp":1774121282246,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030865856","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030865863","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86586-3_6","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T13:18:09Z","timestamp":1630415889000},"page":"83-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Neither Good nor Bad: A Large-Scale Empirical Analysis of HTTP Security Response Headers"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0142-7503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Karopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6455-502X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitris","family":"Geneiatakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6348-5031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Kambourakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"6_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alashwali, E.S., Szalachowski, P., Martin, A.: Exploring HTTPS security inconsistencies: a cross-regional perspective. Comput. Secur. 97, 101975 (2020)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2020.101975"},{"key":"6_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amann, J., Gasser, O., Scheitle, Q., Brent, L., Carle, G., Holz, R.: Mission accomplished? HTTPS security after diginotar. In: Proceedings of the 2017 Internet Measurement Conference, IMC 2017, New York, NY, USA, pp. 325\u2013340. ACM, November 2017","DOI":"10.1145\/3131365.3131401"},{"key":"6_CR3","unstructured":"April King: Analysis of the Alexa Top 1M sites, April 2019. https:\/\/pokeinthe.io"},{"key":"6_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buchanan, W.J., Helme, S., Woodward, A.: Analysis of the adoption of security headers in HTTP. IET Inf. Secur. 12(2), 118\u2013126 (2017). Publisher: IET Digital Library","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-ifs.2016.0621"},{"key":"6_CR5","unstructured":"Calzavara, S., Roth, S., Rabitti, A., Backes, M., Stock, B.: A Tale of Two Headers: A Formal Analysis of Inconsistent Click-Jacking Protection on the Web, pp. 683\u2013697 (2020)"},{"key":"6_CR6","unstructured":"CDNetworks: State of the Web Security, H1 (2020). https:\/\/www.cdnetworks.com"},{"key":"6_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130066","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3009122","volume":"8","author":"G Kambourakis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kambourakis, G., Draper-Gil, G., Sanchez, I.: What email servers can tell to Johnny: an empirical study of provider-to-provider email security. IEEE Access 8, 130066\u2013130081 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3009122","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"6_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kranch, M., Bonneau, J.: Upgrading HTTPS in mid-air: an empirical study of strict transport security and key pinning. In: Proceedings 2015 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium, Internet Society, San Diego, CA (2015)","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2015.23162"},{"key":"6_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lavrenovs, A., Mel\u00f3n, F.J.R.: HTTP security headers analysis of top one million websites. In: 2018 10th International Conference on Cyber Conflict (CyCon), pp. 345\u2013370, May 2018","DOI":"10.23919\/CYCON.2018.8405025"},{"key":"6_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le Pochat, V., Van Goethem, T., Tajalizadehkhoob, S., Korczy\u0144ski, M., Joosen, W.: Tranco: a research-oriented top sites ranking hardened against manipulation. In: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium, NDSS 2019, February 2019","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2019.23386"},{"key":"6_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mendoza, A., Chinprutthiwong, P., Gu, G.: Uncovering HTTP header inconsistencies and the impact on desktop\/mobile websites. In: Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2018, Republic and Canton of Geneva, CHE, pp. 247\u2013256. April 2018","DOI":"10.1145\/3178876.3186091"},{"key":"6_CR12","unstructured":"OWASP: OWASP Top Ten. https:\/\/owasp.org\/www-project-top-ten\/"},{"key":"6_CR13","unstructured":"OWASP: Secure Headers Project. https:\/\/owasp.org\/www-project-secure-headers\/"},{"key":"6_CR14","unstructured":"Petrov, I., et al.: Measuring the Rapid Growth of HSTS and HPKP Deployments p. 7"},{"key":"6_CR15","unstructured":"Scott Helme: Top 1 Million Analysis - March 2020. https:\/\/scotthelme.co.uk\/top-1-million-analysis-march-2020\/"},{"key":"6_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Some, D.F., Bielova, N., Rezk, T.: On the Content Security Policy Violations due to the Same-Origin Policy. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web, WWW 2017, Republic and Canton of Geneva, CHE, April 2017","DOI":"10.1145\/3038912.3052634"},{"key":"6_CR17","unstructured":"Sood, A.K., Enbody, R.J.: The Conundrum of Declarative Security HTTP Response Headers: Lessons Learned, p. 6"},{"key":"6_CR18","unstructured":"Stock, B., Johns, M., Steffens, M., Backes, M.: How the Web Tangled Itself: Uncovering the History of Client-Side Web (In)Security, pp. 971\u2013987 (2017)"},{"key":"6_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, C.C., Chen, S.Y.: Using header session messages to anti-spamming. Comput. Secur. 26(5), 381\u2013390 (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cose.2006.12.012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2006.12.012"},{"key":"6_CR20","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-11379-1_11","volume-title":"Research in Attacks, Intrusions and Defenses","author":"M Weissbacher","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weissbacher, M., Lauinger, T., Robertson, W.: Why Is CSP failing? Trends and challenges in CSP adoption. In: Stavrou, A., Bos, H., Portokalidis, G. (eds.) RAID 2014. LNCS, vol. 8688, pp. 212\u2013233. Springer, Cham (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-11379-1_11"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Trust, Privacy and Security in Digital Business"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86586-3_6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]],"date-time":"2021-09-19T23:47:33Z","timestamp":1632095253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86586-3_6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030865856","9783030865863"],"references-count":20,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86586-3_6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 September 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"TrustBus","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Trust and Privacy in Digital Business","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"27 September 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"30 September 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"18","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"trustbus2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/www.dexa.org\/trustbus2021","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"EasyChair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"30","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"11","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"37% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"4","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}