{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:55:31Z","timestamp":1774418131932,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030882716","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030882723","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-88272-3_6","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T05:57:20Z","timestamp":1633413440000},"page":"67-81","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Back to Basics: Explainable AI for\u00a0Adaptive Serious Games"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Florian","family":"Berger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6474-3733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"6_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52138","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2870052","volume":"6","author":"A Adadi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adadi, A., Berrada, M.: Peeking inside the black-box: a survey on explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). IEEE Access 6, 52138\u201352160 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"6_CR2","unstructured":"Albert, D., Hockemeyer, C.: State of the art in adaptive learning techniques. D03 Requirements Specification, EASEL Consortium (2000)"},{"key":"6_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1109\/TCIAIG.2009.2035923","volume":"1","author":"F Bellotti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bellotti, F., Berta, R., Gloria, A.D., Primavera, L.: Adaptive experience engine for serious games. IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games 1, 264\u2013280 (2009)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games"},{"key":"6_CR4","unstructured":"Charles, D., et al.: Player-centred game design: player modelling and adaptive digital games. In: Digital Games Research Conference 2005, Selected Papers Publication, pp. 285\u2013298 (2005)"},{"key":"6_CR5","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04380-2_18","volume-title":"Intelligent Virtual Agents","author":"C Conati","year":"2009","unstructured":"Conati, C., Manske, M.: Evaluating adaptive feedback in an educational computer game. In: Ruttkay, Z., Kipp, M., Nijholt, A., Vilhj\u00e1lmsson, H.H. (eds.) IVA 2009. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 5773, pp. 146\u2013158. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-04380-2_18"},{"key":"6_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Grappiolo, C., Cheong, Y.G., Togelius, J., Khaled, R., Yannakakis, G.N.: Towards player adaptivity in a serious game for conflict resolution. In: 2011 Third International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-GAMES), pp. 192\u2013198 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VS-GAMES.2011.39","DOI":"10.1109\/VS-GAMES.2011.39"},{"key":"6_CR7","unstructured":"Hodhod, R.: Interactive narrative for adaptive educational games: architecture and application to character education. Ph.D. thesis, University of York, February 2010"},{"key":"6_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kickmeier-Rust, M.D., Steiner, C.M., Albert, D.: Non-invasive assessment and adaptive interventions in learning games. In: International Conference on Intelligent Networking and Collaborative Systems, INCOS 2009, pp. 301\u2013305, November 2009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/INCOS.2009.30","DOI":"10.1109\/INCOS.2009.30"},{"key":"6_CR9","unstructured":"Kickmeier-Rust, M.D., Marte, B., Linek, S., Lalonde, T., Albert, D.: Learning with computer games: micro level feedback and interventions. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Interactive Computer Aided Learning (ICL), Kassel (2008)"},{"key":"6_CR10","unstructured":"Koidl, K., Mehm, F., Hampson, C., Conlan, O., G\u00f6bel, S.: Dynamically adjusting digital educational games towards learning objectives. In: Proceedings 4th European Conference on Games Based Learning, pp. 177\u2013184, Copenhagen, Denmark (2010)"},{"key":"6_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krichen, J.P.: Dynamically adjusting to learner\u2019s competencies and styles in an online technology course. In: SIGITE 2005: Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Information Technology Education, pp. 149\u2013154. ACM, Newark (2005)","DOI":"10.1145\/1095714.1095750"},{"key":"6_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Magerko, B., Heeter, C., Fitzgerald, J., Medler, B.: Intelligent adaptation of digital game-based learning. In: Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on Future Play: Research, Play, Share. Future Play 2008, pp. 200\u2013203. ACM, Toronto (2008)","DOI":"10.1145\/1496984.1497021"},{"key":"6_CR13","series-title":"SCI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19814-4_13","volume-title":"Technology-Enhanced Systems and Tools for Collaborative Learning Scaffolding","author":"I Magnisalis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Magnisalis, I., Demetriadis, S.: Modeling adaptation patterns in the context of collaborative learning: case studies of IMS-LD based implementation. In: Daradoumis, T., Caball\u00e9, S., Juan, A.A., Xhafa, F. (eds.) Technology-Enhanced Systems and Tools for Collaborative Learning Scaffolding. SCI, vol. 350, pp. 279\u2013310. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-19814-4_13"},{"key":"6_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mao, X., Li, Z.: Implementing emotion-based user-aware e-learning. In: CHI EA 2009: Proceedings of the 27th International Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 3787\u20133792. ACM, Boston (2009)","DOI":"10.1145\/1520340.1520572"},{"key":"6_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martens, A.: Modeling of adaptive tutoring processes. In: Web-Based Intelligent E-learning Systems: Technologies and Applications, pp. 193\u2013215 (2006)","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-59140-729-4.ch010"},{"key":"6_CR16","first-page":"29","volume":"3","author":"A Martens","year":"2008","unstructured":"Martens, A.: Adaption formal. Zeitschrift f\u00fcr E-Learning, Themenheft Adaptivit\u00e4t 3, 29\u201339 (2008)","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr E-Learning, Themenheft Adaptivit\u00e4t"},{"key":"6_CR17","unstructured":"Peirce, N.: The non-invasive personalisation of educational video games. Ph.D. thesis, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin (2013). http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2262\/67775"},{"issue":"4","key":"6_CR18","first-page":"110","volume":"12","author":"P Sancho","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sancho, P., Moreno-Ger, P., Fuentes-Fern\u00e1ndez, R., Fern\u00e1ndez-Manj\u00f3n, B.: Adaptive role playing games: an immersive approach for problem based learning. Educ. Technol. Soc. 12(4), 110\u2013124 (2009)","journal-title":"Educ. Technol. Soc."},{"key":"6_CR19","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85502-6_36","volume-title":"Advances in Case-Based Reasoning","author":"N Sugandh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sugandh, N., Onta\u00f1\u00f3n, S., Ram, A.: Real-Time Plan Adaptation for Case-Based Planning in Real-Time Strategy Games. In: Althoff, K.-D., Bergmann, R., Minor, M., Hanft, A. (eds.) ECCBR 2008. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 5239, pp. 533\u2013547. Springer, Heidelberg (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-85502-6_36"},{"issue":"1","key":"6_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1145\/1217862.1217865","volume":"6","author":"CB Teo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Teo, C.B., Gay, R.K.L.: A knowledge-driven model to personalize e-learning. J. Educ. Resour. Comput. 6(1), 3 (2006)","journal-title":"J. Educ. Resour. Comput."},{"key":"6_CR21","unstructured":"Thue, D., Bulitko, V., Spetch, M., Wasylishen, E.: Interactive storytelling: a player modelling approach. In: Schaeffer, J., Mateas, M. (eds.) Proceedings of the Third Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference. AAAI Press, Menlo Park (2007)"},{"key":"6_CR22","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-69736-7_50","volume-title":"Technologies for E-Learning and Digital Entertainment","author":"J Torrente","year":"2008","unstructured":"Torrente, J., Moreno-Ger, P., Fernandez-Manjon, B.: Learning models for the integration of adaptive educational games in virtual learning environments. In: Pan, Z., Zhang, X., El Rhalibi, A., Woo, W., Li, Y. (eds.) Edutainment 2008. LNCS, vol. 5093, pp. 463\u2013474. Springer, Heidelberg (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-69736-7_50"},{"key":"6_CR23","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12993-3_19","volume-title":"Advances in Computer Games","author":"G van Lankveld","year":"2010","unstructured":"van Lankveld, G., Spronck, P., van den Herik, H.J., Rauterberg, M.: Incongruity-based adaptive game balancing. In: van den Herik, H.J., Spronck, P. (eds.) ACG 2009. LNCS, vol. 6048, pp. 208\u2013220. Springer, Heidelberg (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-12993-3_19"},{"key":"6_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitton, N.J.: An Investigation into the Potential of Collaborative Game-based Learning in Higher Education. PhD Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University (2007)","DOI":"10.3402\/rlt.v16i3.10900"},{"key":"6_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yannakakis, G.N., Hallam, J.: Real-time game adaptation for optimizing player satisfaction. IEEE Trans. Comput. Intellig. AI Games 1(2), 121\u2013133 (2009)","DOI":"10.1109\/TCIAIG.2009.2024533"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Serious Games"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88272-3_6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T09:19:41Z","timestamp":1725873581000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88272-3_6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030882716","9783030882723"],"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88272-3_6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 October 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"JCSG","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Joint International Conference on Serious Games","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Stoke-on-Trent","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"United Kingdom","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"7 October 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"8 October 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"7","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"jcsg2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/www.staffs.ac.uk\/events\/joint-conference-on-serious-games\/2021","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"EasyChair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"28","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"17","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"61% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"No","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}