{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T01:06:08Z","timestamp":1760403968862,"version":"build-2065373602"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783030883805"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783030883812"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-88381-2_9","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T14:42:13Z","timestamp":1634222533000},"page":"177-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PREDICTING THE LOCATIONS OF UNREST USING SOCIAL MEDIA"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Shengzhi","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Qiaokun","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kam-Pui","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"9_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Breuer, The Role of Social Media in Mobilizing Political Protest: Evidence from the Tunisian Revolution, Discussion Paper No. 10\/2012, German Development Institute, Bonn, Germany, 2012.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2179030"},{"key":"9_CR2","unstructured":"R. Collobert, J. Weston, L. Bottou, M. Karlen, K. Kavukcuoglu and P. Kuksa, Natural language processing (almost) from scratch, Journal of Machine Learning Research, vol. 12(2011), pp. 2493\u20132537, 2011."},{"key":"9_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Eddy, Hidden Markov models, Current Opinion in Structural Biology, vol. 6(3), pp. 361\u2013365, 1996.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-440X(96)80056-X"},{"key":"9_CR4","unstructured":"Government of Hong Kong, Government Response to Public Meeting in Victoria Park, Hong Kong, China (www.info.gov.hk\/gia\/general\/201908\/18\/P2019081800818.htm), August 18, 2019."},{"key":"9_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Hammerton, Named entity recognition with long short-term memory, Proceedings of the Seventh Conference on Natural Language Learning, pp. 172\u2013175, 2003.","DOI":"10.3115\/1119176.1119202"},{"key":"9_CR6","unstructured":"Z. Huang, X. Wei and K. Yu, Bidirectional LSTM-CRF Models for Sequence Tagging, arXiv: 1508.01991 (arxiv.org\/abs\/1508.01991), 2015."},{"key":"9_CR7","unstructured":"J. Lafferty, A. McCallum and F. Pereira, Conditional random fields: Probabilistic models for segmenting and labeling sequence data, Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 282\u2013289, 2001."},{"key":"9_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Lee, H. Liang, E. Cheng, G. Tang and S. Yuen, Affordances, movement dynamics and a centralized digital communication platform in a networked movement, to appear in Information, Communication and Society, 2021.","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2021.1877772"},{"key":"9_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Li, A. Sun, J. Han and C. Li, A survey of deep learning for named entity recognition, to appear in IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 2021.","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2020.2981314"},{"key":"9_CR10","unstructured":"LIHKG, LIHKG Online Forum, Hong Kong, China (lihkg.com), 2021."},{"key":"9_CR11","unstructured":"W. Liu, T. Xu, Q. Xu, J. Song and Y. Zu, An encoding strategy based word-character LSTM for Chinese NER, Proceedings of the Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers), pp. 2379\u20132389, 2019."},{"key":"9_CR12","unstructured":"A. McCallum, D. Freitag and F. Pereira, Maximum entropy Markov models for information extraction and segmentation, Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 591\u2013598, 2000."},{"key":"9_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Purbrick, A report on the 2019 Hong Kong protests, Asian Affairs, vol. 50(4), pp. 465\u2013487, 2019.","DOI":"10.1080\/03068374.2019.1672397"},{"key":"9_CR14","unstructured":"X. Tang and C. Song, Microblog public opinion analysis based on complex networks, Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information, vol. 31(11), pp. 1153\u20131163, 2012."},{"key":"9_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Yang and T. Ng, Analyzing and visualizing web opinion development and social interactions with density-based clustering, IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics \u2013 Part A: Systems and Humans, vol. 41(6), pp. 1144\u20131155, 2011.","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2011.2113334"},{"key":"9_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. Zeitzoff, How social media is changing conflict, Journal of Conflict Resolution, vol. 61(9), pp. 1970\u20131991, 2017.","DOI":"10.1177\/0022002717721392"},{"key":"9_CR17","unstructured":"Y. Zhang and J. Yang, Chinese NER Using Lattice LSTM, arXiv: 1805.02023 (arxiv.org\/abs\/1805.02023), 2018."},{"key":"9_CR18","unstructured":"Y. Zhu, G. Wang and B. Karlsson, CAN-NER: Convolutional Attention Network for Chinese Named Entity Recognition, arXiv: 1904.02141 (arxiv.org\/abs\/1904.02141), 2020."}],"container-title":["IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology","Advances in Digital Forensics XVII"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88381-2_9","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T22:05:42Z","timestamp":1760393142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88381-2_9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030883805","9783030883812"],"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88381-2_9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-4238","1868-422X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1868-4238"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1868-422X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 October 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"DigitalForensics","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"IFIP International Conference on Digital Forensics","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"1 February 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2 February 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"17","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"digitalforensics2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/www.ifip119.org\/Conferences\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}