{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:59:28Z","timestamp":1790816368555,"version":"4.1.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030884277","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030884284","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-88428-4_26","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T02:03:11Z","timestamp":1633053791000},"page":"523-542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Secure Random Sampling in Differential Privacy"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Naoise","family":"Holohan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Braghin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"26_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1145\/355604.361593","volume":"15","author":"JH Ahrens","year":"1972","unstructured":"Ahrens, J.H., Dieter, U.: Computer methods for sampling from the exponential and normal distributions. Commun. ACM 15(10), 873\u2013882 (1972)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"11","key":"26_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1145\/50087.50094","volume":"31","author":"JH Ahrens","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ahrens, J.H., Dieter, U.: Efficient table-free sampling methods for the exponential, Cauchy, and normal distributions. Commun. ACM 31(11), 1330\u20131337 (1988)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"7","key":"26_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1145\/363397.363547","volume":"11","author":"JR Bell","year":"1968","unstructured":"Bell, J.R.: Algorithm 334: normal random deviates. Commun. ACM 11(7), 498 (1968)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"2","key":"26_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177706645","volume":"29","author":"GEP Box","year":"1958","unstructured":"Box, G.E.P., Muller, M.E.: A note on the generation of random normal deviates. Ann. Math. Stat. 29(2), 610\u2013611 (1958)","journal-title":"Ann. Math. Stat."},{"key":"26_CR5","unstructured":"Brent, R.P.: Fast normal random number generators on vector processors. Technical report TR-CS-93-04, Department of Computer Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 ACT, Australia (1993)"},{"key":"26_CR6","unstructured":"Canonne, C.L., Kamath, G., Steinke, T.: The discrete Gaussian for differential privacy. In: Larochelle, H., Ranzato, M., Hadsell, R., Balcan, M.F., Lin, H. (eds.) Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 33, pp. 15676\u201315688. Curran Associates, Inc. (2020). https:\/\/proceedings.neurips.cc\/paper\/2020\/file\/b53b3a3d6ab90ce0268229151c9bde11-Paper.pdf"},{"key":"26_CR7","unstructured":"Cheu, A., Smith, A., Ullman, J.: Manipulation attacks in local differential privacy. arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.09630 (2019)"},{"key":"26_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-8643-8","volume-title":"Non-uniform Random Variate Generation","author":"L Devroye","year":"1986","unstructured":"Devroye, L.: Non-uniform Random Variate Generation. Springer, New York (1986). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4613-8643-8"},{"key":"26_CR9","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-32009-5_29","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2013 CRYPTO 2012","author":"Y Dodis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dodis, Y., L\u00f3pez-Alt, A., Mironov, I., Vadhan, S.: Differential privacy with imperfect randomness. In: Safavi-Naini, R., Canetti, R. (eds.) CRYPTO 2012. LNCS, vol. 7417, pp. 497\u2013516. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-32009-5_29"},{"key":"26_CR10","volume-title":"Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness","author":"MR Garey","year":"1979","unstructured":"Garey, M.R., Johnson, D.S.: Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York (1979)"},{"key":"26_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garfinkel, S.L., Leclerc, P.: Randomness concerns when deploying differential privacy. In: Proceedings of the 19th Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society. WPES 2020, pp. 73\u201386. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2020)","DOI":"10.1145\/3411497.3420211"},{"key":"26_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gazeau, I., Miller, D., Palamidessi, C.: Preserving differential privacy under finite-precision semantics. Theoret. Comput. Sci. 655, 92\u2013108 (2016). Quantitative Aspects of Programming Languages and Systems (2013\u201314)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcs.2016.01.015"},{"issue":"1","key":"26_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1145\/103162.103163","volume":"23","author":"D Goldberg","year":"1991","unstructured":"Goldberg, D.: What every computer scientist should know about floating-point arithmetic. ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR) 23(1), 5\u201348 (1991)","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR)"},{"key":"26_CR14","unstructured":"Google Differential Privacy Team: Secure noise generation. github.com\/google 1(1), 1\u201314 (2020)"},{"key":"26_CR15","unstructured":"Haeberlen, A., Pierce, B.C., Narayan, A.: Differential privacy under fire. In: USENIX Security Symposium, vol. 33 (2011)"},{"key":"26_CR16","unstructured":"Holohan, N., Braghin, S., Mac Aonghusa, P., Levacher, K.: Diffprivlib: the IBM differential privacy library. arXiv e-prints 1907.02444 [cs.CR], July 2019"},{"key":"26_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ilvento, C.: Implementing the exponential mechanism with base-2 differential privacy. In: Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security, pp. 717\u2013742 (2020)","DOI":"10.1145\/3372297.3417269"},{"issue":"1","key":"26_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2710016","volume":"42","author":"CFF Karney","year":"2016","unstructured":"Karney, C.F.F.: Sampling exactly from the normal distribution. ACM Trans. Math. Softw. 42(1), 1\u201314 (2016)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Math. Softw."},{"issue":"3","key":"26_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1145\/355744.355750","volume":"3","author":"AJ Kinderman","year":"1977","unstructured":"Kinderman, A.J., Monahan, J.F.: Computer generation of random variables using the ratio of uniform deviates. ACM Trans. Math. Softw. 3(3), 257\u2013260 (1977)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Math. Softw."},{"key":"26_CR20","volume-title":"The Laplace Distribution and Generalizations: A Revisit with Applications to Communications, Economics, Engineering, and Finance","author":"S Kotz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kotz, S., Kozubowski, T., Podgorski, K.: The Laplace Distribution and Generalizations: A Revisit with Applications to Communications, Economics, Engineering, and Finance. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)"},{"key":"26_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McSherry, F., Talwar, K.: Mechanism design via differential privacy. In: 2007 48th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. FOCS 2007, pp. 94\u2013103. IEEE (2007)","DOI":"10.1109\/FOCS.2007.66"},{"key":"26_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mironov, I.: On significance of the least significant bits for differential privacy. In: Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. CCS 2012, pp. 650\u2013661. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2012)","DOI":"10.1145\/2382196.2382264"},{"key":"26_CR23","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-03356-8_8","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2009","author":"I Mironov","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mironov, I., Pandey, O., Reingold, O., Vadhan, S.: Computational differential privacy. In: Halevi, S. (ed.) CRYPTO 2009. LNCS, vol. 5677, pp. 126\u2013142. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-03356-8_8"},{"issue":"4","key":"26_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11-es","DOI":"10.1145\/1287620.1287622","volume":"39","author":"DB Thomas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Thomas, D.B., Luk, W., Leong, P.H., Villasenor, J.D.: Gaussian random number generators. ACM Comput. Surv. 39(4), 11-es (2007)","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv."},{"issue":"2","key":"26_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2011.37","volume":"13","author":"S van der Walt","year":"2011","unstructured":"van der Walt, S., Colbert, S.C., Varoquaux, G.: The NumPy array: a structure for efficient numerical computation. Comput. Sci. Eng. 13(2), 22\u201330 (2011)","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Eng."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Computer Security \u2013 ESORICS 2021"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88428-4_26","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:07:38Z","timestamp":1790813258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88428-4_26"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"ISBN":["9783030884277","9783030884284"],"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-88428-4_26","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 October 2021","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ESORICS","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"European Symposium on Research in Computer Security","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Darmstadt","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Germany","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"4 October 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"8 October 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"26","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"esorics2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/esorics2021.athene-center.de\/index.php","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"EasyChair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"351","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"71","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"20% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3.07","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"6.06","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","order":10,"name":"additional_info_on_review_process","label":"Additional Info on Review Process","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}