{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T01:07:02Z","timestamp":1767488822778,"version":"3.48.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783030935108"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783030935115"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-93511-5_10","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T07:02:42Z","timestamp":1641279762000},"page":"209-226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["GPS Signal Authentication Using a Chameleon Hash Keychain"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Yu Han","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sye Loong","family":"Keoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chee Kiat","family":"Seow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soon Yim","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"10_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Bhatti and T. Humphreys, Hostile control of ships via false GPS signals: Demonstration and detection, Journal of the Institute of Navigation, vol. 64(1), pp. 51\u201366, 2017.","DOI":"10.1002\/navi.183"},{"key":"10_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. bin Mohammad Fadilah, V. Balachandran, P. Loh and M. Chua, DRAT: A drone attack tool for vulnerability assessment, Proceedings of the Tenth ACM Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy, pp. 153\u2013155, 2020.","DOI":"10.1145\/3374664.3379529"},{"key":"10_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Borio and C. Gioia, A sum-of-squares approach to GNSS spoofing detection, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 52(4), pp. 1756\u20131768, 2016.","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2016.150148"},{"key":"10_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Broumandan, A. Jafarnia-Jahromi and G. Lachapelle, Spoofing detection, classification and cancellation (SDCC) receiver architecture for a moving GNSS receiver, GPS Solutions, vol. 19(3), pp. 475\u2013487, 2015.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10291-014-0407-3"},{"key":"10_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Di Pietro, A. Durante, L. Mancini and V. Patil, Practically unbounded one-way chains for authentication with backward secrecy, Proceedings of the First IEEE International Conference on Security and Privacy for Emerging Areas in Communications Networks, pp. 400\u2013402, 2005.","DOI":"10.1109\/SECURECOMM.2005.46"},{"key":"10_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I. Fernandez-Hernandez, V. Rijmen, G. Seco-Granados, J. Simon, I. Rodriguez and J. Calle, A navigation message authentication proposal for the Galileo Open Service, Journal of the Institute of Navigation, vol. 63(1), pp. 85\u2013102, 2016.","DOI":"10.1002\/navi.125"},{"key":"10_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Ghorbani, N. Orouji and M. Mosavi, Navigation message authentication based on a one-way hash chain to mitigate spoofing attacks on GPS L1, Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 113(4), pp. 1743\u20131754, 2020.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11277-020-07289-z"},{"key":"10_CR8","unstructured":"T. Humphreys, B. Ledvina, M. Psiaki, B. O\u2019Hanlon and P. Kintner Jr., Assessing the spoofing threat: Development of a portable GPS civilian spoofer, Proceedings of the Twenty-First International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, pp. 2314\u20132325, 2008."},{"key":"10_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Jansen, N. Tippenhauer and C. Popper, Multi-receiver GPS spoofing detection: Error models and realization, Proceedings of the Thirty-Second Annual Computer Security Applications Conference, pp. 237\u2013250, 2016.","DOI":"10.1145\/2991079.2991092"},{"key":"10_CR10","unstructured":"S. Keoh, K. Au and Z. Tang, Securing industrial control systems: An end-to-end integrity verification approach, presented at the Industrial Control System Security Workshop of the Thirty-First Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (www.acsac.org\/2015\/workshops\/icss), 2015."},{"key":"10_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Keoh, H. Tan and Z. Tang, Authentication and integrity protection for real-time cyber-physical systems, in Handbook of Real-Time Computing, Y. Tian and D. Levy (Eds.), Springer, Singapore, chapter 3, 2020.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-4585-87-3_39-1"},{"key":"10_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. Koblitz, Elliptic curve cryptosystems, Mathematics of Computation, vol. 48(177), pp. 203\u2013209, 1987.","DOI":"10.1090\/S0025-5718-1987-0866109-5"},{"key":"10_CR13","unstructured":"H. Krawczyk and T. Rabin, Chameleon Hashing and Signatures, Cryptography ePrint Archive, Report 1998\/010 (eprint.iacr.org\/1998\/010), 1998."},{"key":"10_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Liu, W. Wu, Z. Wu, L. He and K. Tang, Spoofing detection algorithm based on pseudorange differences, Sensors, vol. 18(10), article no. 3197, 2018.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103197"},{"key":"10_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. Manandhar and R. Shibasaki, Authenticating Galileo Open Service signals using QZSS signals, Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, pp. 3995\u20134003, 2018.","DOI":"10.33012\/2018.15872"},{"key":"10_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Noh, Y. Kwon, Y. Son, H. Shin, D. Kim, J. Choi and Y. Kim, Tractor Beam: Safe-hijacking of consumer drones with adaptive GPS spoofing, ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security, vol. 22(2), article no. 12, 2019.","DOI":"10.1145\/3309735"},{"key":"10_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Perrig and J. Tygar, TESLA broadcast authentication, in Secure Broadcast Communication, A. Perrig and J. Tygar (Eds.), Springer, Boston, Massachusetts, pp. 29\u201353, 2003.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0229-6_3"},{"key":"10_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Psiaki, B. O\u2019Hanlon, J. Bhatti, D. Shepard and T. Humphreys, GPS spoofing detection via dual-receiver correlation of military signals, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 49(4), pp. 2250\u20132267, 2013.","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2013.6621814"},{"key":"10_CR19","unstructured":"D. Radin, P. Swaszek, K. Seals and R. Hartnett, GNSS spoof detection based on pseudoranges from multiple receivers, Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Technical Meeting of the Institute of Navigation, pp. 657\u2013671, 2015."},{"key":"10_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Su, J. He, P. Cheng and J. Chen, A stealthy GPS spoofing strategy for manipulating the trajectory of an unmanned aerial vehicle, IFAC-PapersOnLine, vol. 49(22), pp. 291\u2013296, 2016.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2016.10.412"},{"key":"10_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Tan, K. Lim, S. Keoh, Z. Tang, D. Leong and C. Sum, Chameleon: A blind double trapdoor hash function for securing AMI data aggregation, Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE World Forum on the Internet of Things, pp. 225\u2013230, 2018.","DOI":"10.1109\/WF-IoT.2018.8355112"},{"key":"10_CR22","unstructured":"J. Van Sickle and J. Dutton, GEOG862: GPS and GNSS for Geospatial Professionals, Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania (www.e-education.psu.edu\/geog862\/home.html), 2014."},{"key":"10_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. Wang, G. Chen, R. Wu, D. Lu and L. Wang, A low-complexity spoofing detection and suppression approach for ADS-B, Proceedings of the Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference, 2015.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNSURV.2015.7121308"},{"key":"10_CR24","unstructured":"K. Wesson, M. Rothlisberger and T. Humphreys, A proposed navigation message authentication implementation for civil GPS anti-spoofing, Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation, pp. 3129\u20133140, 2011."},{"key":"10_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Wu, Y. Zhang and R. Liu, BD-II NMA&SSI: A scheme for anti-spoofing and open BeiDou II D2 navigation message authentication, IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 23759\u201323775, 2020.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2970203"},{"key":"10_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Yuan, Z. Lv, H. Chen, J. Li and G. Ou, An implementation of navigation message authentication with reserved bits for civil BDS anti-spoofing, in China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC) 2017 Proceedings: Volume II, J. Sun, J. Liu, Y. Yang, S. Fan and W. Yu (Eds.), Springer, Singapore, pp. 69\u201380, 2017.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-4591-2_6"}],"container-title":["IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology","Critical Infrastructure Protection XV"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-93511-5_10","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T01:02:18Z","timestamp":1767488538000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-93511-5_10"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"ISBN":["9783030935108","9783030935115"],"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-93511-5_10","relation":{},"ISSN":["1868-4238","1868-422X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1868-4238"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1868-422X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 January 2022","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ICCIP","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2021","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"15 March 2021","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"16 March 2021","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"15","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"iccip2021","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/www.ifip1110.org\/Conferences\/2021conferenceinformation.php","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}