{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T12:05:26Z","timestamp":1746273926219,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783030987848"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783030987855"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-98785-5_11","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,21]],"date-time":"2022-03-21T05:02:34Z","timestamp":1647838954000},"page":"247-263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Measuring the Practical Effect of DNS Root Server Instances: A China-Wide Case Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Fenglu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaoyi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baojun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haixin","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"11_CR1","unstructured":"BIND DNS Holds Lead. https:\/\/www.serverwatch.com\/server-news\/bind-dns-holds-lead\/"},{"key":"11_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities. RFC 1034, November 1987. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17487\/RFC1034, https:\/\/rfc-editor.org\/rfc\/rfc1034.txt","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC1034"},{"key":"11_CR3","unstructured":"Docker: Empowering App Development for Developers (2021).D https:\/\/www.docker.com\/"},{"key":"11_CR4","unstructured":"GDB: The GNU Project Debugger - GNU.org (2021). https:\/\/www.gnu.org\/software\/gdb\/"},{"key":"11_CR5","unstructured":"Measuring the Health of the Domain Name System (2021). https:\/\/www.icann.org\/en\/system\/files\/files\/dns-ssr-symposium-report-1-03feb10-en.pdf"},{"key":"11_CR6","unstructured":"Root Server Technical Operations Association (2021). https:\/\/root-servers.org\/"},{"key":"11_CR7","unstructured":"Abley, J.: Hierarchical anycast for global service distribution (2003)"},{"key":"11_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ager, B., M\u00fchlbauer, W., Smaragdakis, G., Uhlig, S.: Comparing DNS resolvers in the wild. In: Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Internet Measurement, pp. 15\u201321 (2010)","DOI":"10.1145\/1879141.1879144"},{"key":"11_CR9","unstructured":"Anonymous: Towards a Comprehensive Picture of the Great Firewall\u2019s DNS Censorship. In: 4th USENIX Workshop on Free and Open Communications on the Internet (FOCI 14). USENIX Association, San Diego, August 2014. https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/foci14\/workshop-program\/presentation\/anonymous"},{"key":"11_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Austein, R.: DNS name server identifier (NSID) option. RFC 5001, August 2007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17487\/RFC5001, https:\/\/rfc-editor.org\/rfc\/rfc5001.txt","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC5001"},{"key":"11_CR11","unstructured":"van Beijnum, I.: Misadventure at root I in China (2010). https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110622092029\/, http:\/\/arstechnica.com\/tech-policy\/news\/2010\/03\/china-censorship-leaks-outside-great-firewall-via-root-server.ars"},{"issue":"5","key":"11_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1145\/1452335.1452341","volume":"38","author":"S Castro","year":"2008","unstructured":"Castro, S., Wessels, D., Fomenkov, M., Claffy, K.: A day at the root of the internet. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 38(5), 41\u201346 (2008)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."},{"key":"11_CR13","unstructured":"Conrad, D.: Brief overview of the root server system (2020). https:\/\/www.icann.org\/en\/system\/files\/files\/octo-010-06may20-en.pdf"},{"key":"11_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Conrad, D.R., Woolf, S.: Requirements for a mechanism identifying a name server instance. RFC 4892, June 2007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17487\/RFC4892, https:\/\/rfc-editor.org\/rfc\/rfc4892.txt","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC4892"},{"key":"11_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crandall, J.R., Zinn, D., Byrd, M., Barr, E.T., East, R.: ConceptDoppler: a weather tracker for internet censorship. In: ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, pp. 352\u2013365 (2007)","DOI":"10.1145\/1315245.1315290"},{"key":"11_CR16","unstructured":"CZ.NIC: Knot resolver (2021). https:\/\/www.knot-resolver.cz\/"},{"key":"11_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, X., Heidemann, J., Govindan, R.: Evaluating anycast in the domain name system. In: 2013 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM, pp. 1681\u20131689. IEEE (2013)","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOM.2013.6566965"},{"key":"11_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hardie, T.: Distributing authoritative name servers via shared unicast addresses. RFC 3258, April 2002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17487\/RFC3258, https:\/\/rfc-editor.org\/rfc\/rfc3258.txt","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC3258"},{"key":"11_CR19","unstructured":"IANA: Root Zone Management (2021). https:\/\/www.iana.org\/domains\/root"},{"key":"11_CR20","unstructured":"ICANN: Hosting IMRS in Your Network (2019). https:\/\/www.dns.icann.org\/imrs\/host\/"},{"key":"11_CR21","unstructured":"ICANN: IMRS Peering Information (2019). https:\/\/www.dns.icann.org\/imrs\/peering\/"},{"key":"11_CR22","unstructured":"ICANN: The ITHI (Identifier Technologies Health Indicators) Project (2021). https:\/\/ithi.research.icann.org\/about.html"},{"key":"11_CR23","unstructured":"ISC: Atlas Data Viewer (2021). https:\/\/atlas-vis.isc.org\/"},{"key":"11_CR24","unstructured":"ISC: BGP Peering Network with F-Root (2021). https:\/\/www.isc.org\/froot-peering\/"},{"key":"11_CR25","unstructured":"ISC: BIND 9 (2021). https:\/\/www.isc.org\/bind\/"},{"key":"11_CR26","unstructured":"ISC: Host an F-Root Node (2021). https:\/\/www.isc.org\/froot-process\/"},{"key":"11_CR27","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-30505-9_21","volume-title":"Passive and Active Measurement","author":"B Jones","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jones, B., Feamster, N., Paxson, V., Weaver, N., Allman, M.: Detecting DNS root manipulation. In: Karagiannis, T., Dimitropoulos, X. (eds.) PAM 2016. LNCS, vol. 9631, pp. 276\u2013288. Springer, Cham (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-30505-9_21"},{"key":"11_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koch, T., Katz-Bassett, E., Heidemann, J., Calder, M., Ardi, C., Li, K.: Anycast in context: a tale of two systems. In: Proceedings of the 2021 ACM SIGCOMM 2021 Conference, pp. 398\u2013417 (2021)","DOI":"10.1145\/3452296.3472891"},{"key":"11_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\u00fchrer, M., Hupperich, T., Bushart, J., Rossow, C., Holz, T.: Going wild: large-scale classification of open DNS resolvers. In: Proceedings of the 2015 Internet Measurement Conference, pp. 355\u2013368 (2015)","DOI":"10.1145\/2815675.2815683"},{"key":"11_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumari, W.A., Hoffman, P.E.: Running a root server local to a resolver. RFC 8806, June 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17487\/RFC8806, https:\/\/rfc-editor.org\/rfc\/rfc8806.txt","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC8806"},{"issue":"3","key":"11_CR31","first-page":"10","volume":"42","author":"P Levis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Levis, P.: The collateral damage of internet censorship by DNS injection. ACM SIGCOMM CCR 42(3), 10\u20131145 (2012)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM CCR"},{"key":"11_CR32","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-36516-4_15","volume-title":"Passive and Active Measurement","author":"J Liang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liang, J., Jiang, J., Duan, H., Li, K., Wu, J.: Measuring query latency of top level DNS servers. In: Roughan, M., Chang, R. (eds.) PAM 2013. LNCS, vol. 7799, pp. 145\u2013154. Springer, Heidelberg (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-36516-4_15"},{"key":"11_CR33","unstructured":"Liu, B., et al.: Who is answering my queries: understanding and characterizing interception of the DNS resolution path. In: 27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18), pp. 1113\u20131128 (2018)"},{"key":"11_CR34","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-71617-4_13","volume-title":"Passive and Active Network Measurement","author":"Z Liu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liu, Z., Huffaker, B., Fomenkov, M., Brownlee, N., Claffy, K.C.: Two days in the life of the DNS anycast root servers. In: Uhlig, S., Papagiannaki, K., Bonaventure, O. (eds.) PAM 2007. LNCS, vol. 4427, pp. 125\u2013134. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-71617-4_13"},{"key":"11_CR35","first-page":"1","volume":"21","author":"G Lowe","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lowe, G., Winters, P., Marcus, M.L.: The great DNS wall of China. MS New York Univ. 21, 1 (2007)","journal-title":"MS New York Univ."},{"key":"11_CR36","unstructured":"MaxMind: IP Geolocation and Online Fraud Prevention (2021). https:\/\/www.maxmind.com\/en\/home"},{"key":"11_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moura, G.C.M., et al.: Anycast vs. DDoS: evaluating the november 2015 root DNS event. In: Gill, P., Heidemann, J.S., Byers, J.W., Govindan, R. (eds.) Proceedings of the 2016 ACM on Internet Measurement Conference, IMC 2016, Santa Monica, CA, USA, 14\u201316 November 2016, pp. 255\u2013270. ACM (2016). http:\/\/dl.acm.org\/citation.cfm?id=2987446","DOI":"10.1145\/2987443.2987446"},{"key":"11_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, M., Moura, G.C., de O. Schmidt, R., Heidemann, J.: Recursives in the wild: engineering authoritative DNS servers. In: Proceedings of the 2017 Internet Measurement Conference, pp. 489\u2013495 (2017)","DOI":"10.1145\/3131365.3131366"},{"key":"11_CR39","unstructured":"Netnod: Host an I-Root (2021). https:\/\/www.netnod.se\/host-an-i-root"},{"key":"11_CR40","unstructured":"NLnet Labs: Unbound (2021). https:\/\/www.nlnetlabs.nl\/projects\/unbound\/about\/"},{"key":"11_CR41","unstructured":"PowerDNS: PowerDNS Recursor (2021). https:\/\/www.powerdns.com\/recursor.html"},{"key":"11_CR42","unstructured":"RSSAC: RSSAC002: RSSAC Advisory on Measurements of the Root Server System (2015)"},{"key":"11_CR43","unstructured":"RSSAC: RSSAC057: Requirements for Measurements of the Local Perspective on the Root Server System (2021)"},{"key":"11_CR44","unstructured":"RIPE NCC: Ripe Atlas: A Global Internet Measurement Network (2021). https:\/\/atlas.ripe.net\/"},{"key":"11_CR45","unstructured":"University of Oregon: Route Views Project (2021). http:\/\/www.routeviews.org\/routeviews\/"},{"key":"11_CR46","first-page":"2","volume":"2","author":"N Weaver","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weaver, N., Kreibich, C., Paxson, V.: Redirecting DNS for ads and profit. FOCI 2, 2\u20133 (2011)","journal-title":"FOCI"},{"key":"11_CR47","unstructured":"Weber, J.: Detect DNS spoofing: dnstraceroute (2016). https:\/\/weberblog.net\/detect-dns-spoofing-dnstraceroute\/"},{"key":"11_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weinberg, Z., Cho, S., Christin, N., Sekar, V., Gill, P.: How to Catch when proxies lie: verifying the physical locations of network proxies with active geolocation. In: Proceedings of the Internet Measurement Conference 2018, IMC 2018, Boston, MA, USA, 31 October\u201302 November 2018, pp. 203\u2013217. ACM (2018). https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/citation.cfm?id=3278551","DOI":"10.1145\/3278532.3278551"},{"key":"11_CR49","unstructured":"Wicaksana, M.: IPv4 vs IPv6 anycast catchment: a root DNS study, August 2016. http:\/\/essay.utwente.nl\/70921\/"},{"issue":"2","key":"11_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1145\/2185376.2185387","volume":"42","author":"Y Yu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yu, Y., Wessels, D., Larson, M., Zhang, L.: Authority server selection in DNS caching resolvers. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 42(2), 80\u201386 (2012)","journal-title":"ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Passive and Active Measurement"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-98785-5_11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T17:58:15Z","timestamp":1726855095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-98785-5_11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"ISBN":["9783030987848","9783030987855"],"references-count":50,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-98785-5_11","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 March 2022","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"PAM","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Passive and Active Network Measurement","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2022","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"28 March 2022","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"30 March 2022","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"23","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"pam2022","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/pam2022.nl\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"HotCRP","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"62","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"15","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"15","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"24% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"4","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3.5","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}