{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T14:25:57Z","timestamp":1742912757888,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":79,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031159107"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031159114"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,3]],"date-time":"2022-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":245,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre-election logic and accuracy (L<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$ { \\&amp; }$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                <mml:mo>&amp;<\/mml:mo>\n              <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula>A) testing is a process in which election officials validate the behavior of voting equipment by casting a known set of test ballots and confirming the expected results. Ideally, such testing can serve to detect certain forms of human error or fraud and help bolster voter confidence. We present the first detailed analysis of L<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$ { \\&amp; }$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                <mml:mo>&amp;<\/mml:mo>\n              <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula>A testing practices across the United States. We find that while all states require L<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$ { \\&amp; }$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                <mml:mo>&amp;<\/mml:mo>\n              <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula>A testing before every election, their implementations vary dramatically in scope, transparency, and rigorousness. We summarize each state\u2019s requirements and score them according to uniform criteria. We also highlight best practices and flag opportunities for improvement, in hopes of encouraging broader adoption of more effective L<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$ { \\&amp; }$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                <mml:mo>&amp;<\/mml:mo>\n              <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula>A processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-15911-4_10","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T14:04:29Z","timestamp":1662127469000},"page":"157-184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Logic and\u00a0Accuracy Testing: A Fifty-State Review"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Josiah","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nakul","family":"Bajaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Braden L.","family":"Crimmins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J. Alex","family":"Halderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"10_CR1","unstructured":"2 DE Code \u00a7\u00a05523 (2014 through 146th Gen Ass) (2014). https:\/\/law.justia.com\/codes\/delaware\/2014\/title-15\/chapter-55\/section-5523\/"},{"key":"10_CR2","unstructured":"21-A Me Rev. stat. \u00a7\u00a0854 (2011). https:\/\/legislature.maine.gov\/statutes\/21-A\/title21-Asec854.html"},{"key":"10_CR3","unstructured":"31 KY Admin. Regs. \u00a7\u00a02:020 (2021). https:\/\/apps.legislature.ky.gov\/law\/kar\/titles\/031\/002\/020\/. Accessed 15 Dec 2021"},{"key":"10_CR4","unstructured":"950 Mass. Reg. \u00a7\u00a054.02 (2022). https:\/\/casetext.com\/regulation\/code-of-massachusetts-regulations\/department-950-cmr-office-of-the-secretary-of-the-commonwealth\/title-950-cmr-5400-voting-and-counting-procedures-for-electronic-voting-systems\/section-5402-testing. 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Accessed 21 Jan 2020"},{"key":"10_CR75","unstructured":"West Virginia Code: Ch. 3, Ar. 4, \u00a726. https:\/\/code.wvlegislature.gov\/3-4A-26\/"},{"key":"10_CR76","unstructured":"Wheaton, S.: Comparing Ballot Lengths Around the Country, The New York Times (2013). https:\/\/archive.nytimes.com\/thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com\/2013\/02\/06\/comparing-ballot-lengths-around-the-country\/?_r=0. Accessed 6 Feb 2013"},{"key":"10_CR77","unstructured":"Wisconsin Elections Commission: Election Administration Manual for Wisconsin Municipal Clerks (2020). https:\/\/elections.wi.gov\/sites\/elections\/files\/2022-03\/Election%20Administration%20Manual%20%282020-09%29.pdf"},{"key":"10_CR78","unstructured":"Wyoming Admin. Rules: Sec. of Stat \u2014Election Procedures\u2014 Ch. 29: Voting Systems (2020). https:\/\/rules.wyo.gov\/DownloadFile.aspx?source_id=17964 &source_type_id=81 &doc_type_id=110 &include_meta_data=Y &file_type=pdf &filename=17964.pdf &token=122222099183083056006234136082008020226028193044"},{"key":"10_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu., J.: Does state online voter registration increase voter turnout? Soc. Sci. 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