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We claim that software source code is an important product of human creativity, and embodies a growing part of our scientific, organisational and technological knowledge: it is a part of our cultural heritage, and it is our collective responsibility to ensure that it is not lost.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Preserving the history of software is also a key enabler for reproducibility of research, and as a means to foster better and more secure software for society. This is the mission of Software Heritage, a non-profit organization dedicated to building the universal archive of software source code, catering to the needs of science, industry and culture, for the benefit of society as a whole.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In this keynote talk we survey the principles and key technology used in the archive that contains over 12 billion unique source code files from some 180 millions projects worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-16802-4_1","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T10:05:31Z","timestamp":1663149931000},"page":"3-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Should We Preserve the\u00a0World\u2019s Software History, And\u00a0Can We?"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7493-5349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Di Cosmo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"1_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1145\/3183558","volume":"61","author":"J-F Abramatic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Abramatic, J.-F., Di Cosmo, R., Zacchiroli, S.: Building the universal archive of source code. 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