{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T09:26:41Z","timestamp":1743154001123,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031170362"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031170379"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-17037-9_3","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T07:03:22Z","timestamp":1663830202000},"page":"33-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["3D Printing During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Lebanon"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1890-9509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Racquel","family":"Antoun-Nakhle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6597-8446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rim","family":"Haidar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2045-3096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nizar","family":"Hariri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"3_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315254227-34","volume-title":"Global Health","author":"O Aginam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aginam, O.: Between isolationism and mutual vulnerability: a south-north perspective on global governance of epidemics in an age of globalization. In: Kirton, J.J. (ed.) Global Health, pp. 463\u2013478. Routledge (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781315254227-34"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1177\/1470594X13505414","volume":"14","author":"J Anomaly","year":"2015","unstructured":"Anomaly, J.: Public goods and government action. Polit. Philos. Econ. 14(2), 109\u2013128 (2015)","journal-title":"Polit. Philos. Econ."},{"key":"3_CR3","unstructured":"Berytech website: https:\/\/berytech.org\/profiles\/face-shield\/ (2021)"},{"key":"3_CR4","unstructured":"Boseley, S.: US and UK \u2018lead push against global patent pool for COVID-19 drugs\u2019. The Guardian 17 (2020)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1002\/gsj.1370","volume":"11","author":"R Bouncken","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bouncken, R., Barwinski, R.: Shared digital identity and rich knowledge ties in global 3D printing\u2014A drizzle in the clouds? Glob. Strategy J. 11(1), 81\u2013108 (2021)","journal-title":"Glob. Strategy J."},{"key":"3_CR6","unstructured":"Bricongne, J.C. et al.: How 3D printing could tackle PPE shortages during a future pandemic. LSE COVID-19 Blog (2021)"},{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"3_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S64","DOI":"10.1093\/oxrep\/graa025","volume":"36","author":"G Brown","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brown, G., Susskind, D.: International cooperation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Oxford Rev. Econ. Policy 36(Supplement_1), S64\u2013S76 (2020)","journal-title":"Oxford Rev. Econ. Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1257\/jel.20191546","volume":"59","author":"W Buchholz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Buchholz, W., Sandler, T.: Global public goods: a survey. J. Econ. Lit. 59(2), 488\u2013545 (2021)","journal-title":"J. Econ. Lit."},{"key":"3_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmsy.2021.07.010","volume":"60","author":"HD Budinoff","year":"2021","unstructured":"Budinoff, H.D., Bushra, J., Shafae, M.: Community-driven PPE production using additive manufacturing during the COVID-19 pandemic: survey and lessons learned. J. Manuf. Syst. 60, 799\u2013810 (2021)","journal-title":"J. Manuf. Syst."},{"issue":"7","key":"3_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30501-6","volume":"20","author":"T Burki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Burki, T.: Global shortage of personal protective equipment. The Lancet Infect. Dis. 20(7), 785\u2013786 (2020)","journal-title":"The Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"9","key":"3_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-020-00234-3","volume":"5","author":"YYC Choong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choong, Y.Y.C., et al.: The global rise of 3D printing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nat. Rev. Mater. 5(9), 637\u2013639 (2020)","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"3_CR12","unstructured":"Covid19FabLab website: https:\/\/www.aub.edu.lb\/msfea\/Covid19FabLab\/Pages\/default.aspx (2020)"},{"key":"3_CR13","unstructured":"Fab Lab \u2013 Berytech. https:\/\/berytech.org\/fablab\/machines\/ (2021)"},{"key":"3_CR14","unstructured":"IDAL: Innovation triggered by the COVID-19 crisis: lebanese success stories. https:\/\/lebanonupdates.com\/covid-19-measures\/innovation-triggered-by-the-covid-19-crisis-lebanese-success-stories\/ (2020)"},{"key":"3_CR15","unstructured":"ITC Trade map, OECD: https:\/\/www.trademap.org\/Index.aspx?AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1 (2019)"},{"key":"3_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1093\/0195130529.003.0001","volume-title":"Global public goods: international cooperation in the 21st century","author":"I Kaul","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kaul, I., Grunberg, I., Stern, M.A.: Defining global public goods. In: Kaul, I., Grunberg, I., Stern, M. (eds.) Global public goods: international cooperation in the 21st century, pp. 2\u201319. Oxford University PressNew York (1999). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/0195130529.003.0001"},{"issue":"6","key":"3_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12695","volume":"324","author":"P Khoury","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khoury, P., Azar, E., Hitti, E.: COVID-19 response in Lebanon: current experience and challenges in a low-resource setting. JAMA 324(6), 548\u2013549 (2020)","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3_CR501","unstructured":"Kindleberger, C.P.: International public goods without international government. Am. Econ. Rev. 76(1), 1\u201313 (1986)"},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.2307\/1912767","volume":"50","author":"DM Kreps","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kreps, D.M., Wilson, R.: Sequential equilibria. Econometrica 50(4), 863 (1982). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1912767","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"3_CR19","unstructured":"LAU news: https:\/\/news.lau.edu.lb\/2020\/soe-designs-and-3d-prints-face-shields.php (2020)"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR20","first-page":"511","volume":"13","author":"S Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, S., et al.: Open design and 3D printing of face shields: the case study of a UK-China initiative. Strateg. Des. Res. J. 13(3), 511\u2013524 (2020)","journal-title":"Strateg. Des. Res. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1017\/S1744133116000451","volume":"12","author":"S Moon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moon, S., R\u00f8ttingen, J.A., Frenk, J.: Global public goods for health: weaknesses and opportunities in the global health system. Health Econ. Policy Law 12(2), 195\u2013205 (2017)","journal-title":"Health Econ. Policy Law"},{"key":"3_CR22","volume-title":"The Theory of Public Finance: A Study in Public Economy","author":"RA Musgrave","year":"1959","unstructured":"Musgrave, R.A.: The Theory of Public Finance: A Study in Public Economy. McGraw-Hill, New York (1959)"},{"key":"3_CR23","unstructured":"Newey, S.: WHO patent pool for potential COVID-19 products is \u2018nonsense,\u2019 pharma leaders claim. The Telegraph (2020)"},{"key":"3_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.35241\/emeraldopenres.13815.1","volume":"2","author":"JI Novak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Novak, J.I., Loy, J.: A quantitative analysis of 3D printed face shields and masks during COVID-19. Emerald Open Research 2, 42 (2020)","journal-title":"Emerald Open Research"},{"key":"3_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Profili, J., Dubois, E.L., Karakitsos, D., Hof, L.A.: Overview of the user experience for snorkeling mask designs during the COVID-19 pandemic. In: Healthcare, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 204. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (2021)","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9020204"},{"key":"3_CR26","unstructured":"Prusa Research: Prusa Face Shield.2020. https:\/\/www.prusaprinters.org\/prints\/25857-prusa-face-shield"},{"issue":"11","key":"3_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4004","DOI":"10.3390\/app10114004","volume":"10","author":"M Salmi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salmi, M., Akmal, J., Pei, E., Wolff, J., Jaribion, A., Khajavi, S.: 3D Printing in COVID-19: productivity estimation of the most promising open source solutions in emergency situations. Appl. Sci. 10(11), 4004 (2020)","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"3_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.2307\/1925895","volume":"36","author":"PA Samuelson","year":"1954","unstructured":"Samuelson, P.A.: The pure theory of public expenditure. The Rev. Econ. Stat. 36, 387\u2013389 (1954). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1925895","journal-title":"The Rev. Econ. Stat."},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.2307\/1925849","volume":"37","author":"PA Samuelson","year":"1955","unstructured":"Samuelson, P.A.: Diagrammatic exposition of a theory of public expenditure. The Rev. Econ. Stat. 37(4), 350\u2013356 (1955). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/1925849","journal-title":"The Rev. Econ. Stat."},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-5890.2002.tb00059.x","volume":"23","author":"T Sandler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sandler, T., Arce, D.G.: A conceptual framework for understanding global and transnational public goods for health. Fiscal Stud. 23(2), 195\u2013222 (2005)","journal-title":"Fiscal Stud."},{"key":"3_CR31","unstructured":"Smith, A.: An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations: By Adam Smith, vol. 4. JJ Tourneisen and JL Legrand (1791)"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8603-3-9","volume":"3","author":"RD Smith","year":"2007","unstructured":"Smith, R.D., MacKellar, L.: Global public goods and the global health agenda: problems, priorities and potential. Globalization and Health 3(1), 1\u20137 (2007)","journal-title":"Globalization and Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czh032","volume":"19","author":"R Smith","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smith, R., Woodward, D., Acharya, A., Beaglehole, R., Drager, N.: Communicable disease control: a \u2018Global Public Good\u2019 perspective. Health Policy Plann. 19(5), 271\u2013278 (2004)","journal-title":"Health Policy Plann."},{"key":"3_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2021.09.183","volume":"192","author":"R Strulak-W\u00f3jcikiewicz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Strulak-W\u00f3jcikiewicz, R., Bohdan, A.: The concept of an e-platform cooperation model in the field of 3D printing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Procedia Comput. Sci. 192, 4083\u20134092 (2021)","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jik.2018.12.002","volume":"4","author":"AA Teixeira","year":"2019","unstructured":"Teixeira, A.A., Ferreira, C.: Intellectual property rights and the competitiveness of academic spin-offs. J. Innov. Knowl. 4(3), 154\u2013161 (2019)","journal-title":"J. Innov. Knowl."},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s12195-020-00629-w","volume":"13","author":"M Tsikala Vafea","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tsikala Vafea, M., Atalla, E., Georgakas, J., Shehadeh, F., Mylona, E.K., Kalligeros, M., Mylonakis, E.: Emerging technologies for use in the study, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with COVID-19. Cell. Mol. Bioeng. 13(4), 249\u2013257 (2020)","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Bioeng."},{"key":"3_CR37","unstructured":"UK Aid Report: https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=UK+Aid+Report%2C+2020&oq=UK+Aid+Report%2C+2020&aqs=chrome..69i57j69i60.741j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 (2020)"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N0841","volume":"40","author":"C Vicini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vicini, C., et al.: Overview of different modified full-face snorkelling masks for intraoperative protection. Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica 40(5), 317 (2020)","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica"},{"key":"3_CR39","unstructured":"World Health Organization: Global public goods for health: the report of Working Group 2 of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. World Health Organization (2002)"},{"key":"3_CR40","unstructured":"Woodward, D., Drager, N., Beaglehole, R., Lipson, D.: Globalization, global public goods and health. In: Trade in health services: global, regional and country perspectives, pp. 3\u201311 (2002)"},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1287\/mksc.2020.1275","volume":"40","author":"X Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, X., Liao, C., Xie, Y.: Digital piracy, creative productivity, and customer care effort: evidence from the digital publishing industry. Mark. Sci. 40(4), 685\u2013707 (2021)","journal-title":"Mark. Sci."},{"key":"3_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-33-6703-6_10","volume-title":"Emerging Applications of 3D Printing During CoVID 19 Pandemic","author":"J Narayan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Narayan, J., Jhunjhunwala, S., Dwivedy, S.K.: 3D printing during COVID-19: challenges and possible solutions. In: Sandhu, K., Singh, S., Prakash, C., Sharma, N.R., Subburaj, K. (eds.) Emerging Applications of 3D Printing During CoVID 19 Pandemic, pp. 179\u2013192. Springer Singapore, Singapore (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-33-6703-6_10"},{"key":"3_CR43","unstructured":"Asian Development Bank (ADB): ADB to Provide \u02dc Million to Support Strained Supply Chains in Fight Against COVID-\u0160. News Release. March. https:\/\/www.adb.org\/news\/adb-provide-millionsupport-strained-supply-chains-fight-againstcovid-\u0160 (2020)"},{"key":"3_CR44","unstructured":"Assaf, C.: Des masques de plong\u00e9e reconvertis pour l\u2019usage m\u00e9dical. L\u2019Orient Le Jour. https:\/\/www.lorientlejour.com\/article\/1212924\/des-masques-de-plongee-reconvertis-pour-lusage-medical.html (2020)"},{"key":"3_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-64642-4_14","volume-title":"Digital Economy. Emerging Technologies and Business Innovation: 5th International Conference on Digital Economy, ICDEc 2020, Bucharest, Romania, June 11\u201313, 2020, Proceedings","author":"R Antoun-Nakhle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Antoun-Nakhle, R., Hariri, N., Haidar, R.: Pricing digital arts and culture through PWYW strategies: a reconsideration of the Ricardian theory of value. In: Tobji, M.A.B., Jallouli, R., Samet, A., Touzani, M., Strat, V.A., Pocatilu, P. (eds.) Digital Economy. Emerging Technologies and Business Innovation: 5th International Conference on Digital Economy, ICDEc 2020, Bucharest, Romania, June 11\u201313, 2020, Proceedings, pp. 166\u2013176. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-64642-4_14"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing","Digital Economy. Emerging Technologies and Business Innovation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-17037-9_3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T16:58:37Z","timestamp":1664989117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-17037-9_3"}},"subtitle":["Strategic Cooperative Behavior to Reduce the Global Shortage of Personal and Protective Equipment (PPEs)"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"ISBN":["9783031170362","9783031170379"],"references-count":46,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-17037-9_3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1865-1348","1865-1356"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1865-1348"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1865-1356"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 September 2022","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ICDEc","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Digital Economy","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Bucharest","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Romania","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2022","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"9 May 2022","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"11 May 2022","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"7","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"icdec2022","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/www.aten.tn\/ICDEc2022\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"EasyChair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"44","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"15","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"34% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2-5","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2.04","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}