{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T07:24:18Z","timestamp":1767338658821,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031172335"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031172342"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-17234-2_17","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,25]],"date-time":"2022-09-25T21:02:18Z","timestamp":1664139738000},"page":"353-371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A New Key Recovery Side-Channel Attack on\u00a0HQC with\u00a0Chosen Ciphertext"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Goy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Loiseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Gaborit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"17_CR1","unstructured":"Aguilar-Melchor, C., et al.: HQC reference implementation. https:\/\/pqc-hqc.org\/implementation.html"},{"key":"17_CR2","unstructured":"Aguilar-Melchor, C., et al.: Hamming Quasi-Cyclic (HQC) (2017)"},{"key":"17_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alagic, G., et al.: Status report on the second round of the NIST post-quantum cryptography standardization process. US Department of Commerce, NIST (2020)","DOI":"10.6028\/NIST.IR.8240"},{"key":"17_CR4","unstructured":"Aragon, N., Gaborit, P., Z\u00e9mor, G.: HQC-RMRS, an instantiation of the HQC encryption framework with a more efficient auxiliary error-correcting code. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.10741 (2020)"},{"issue":"3","key":"17_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1978.1055873","volume":"24","author":"E Berlekamp","year":"1978","unstructured":"Berlekamp, E., McEliece, R., van Tilborg, H.: On the inherent intractability of certain coding problems (corresp.). IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 24(3), 384\u2013386 (1978). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TIT.1978.1055873","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory"},{"key":"17_CR6","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-28632-5_2","volume-title":"Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems - CHES 2004","author":"E Brier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brier, E., Clavier, C., Olivier, F.: Correlation power analysis with a leakage model. In: Joye, M., Quisquater, J.-J. (eds.) CHES 2004. LNCS, vol. 3156, pp. 16\u201329. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-28632-5_2"},{"key":"17_CR7","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-48405-1_34","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2014 CRYPTO\u2019 99","author":"E Fujisaki","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fujisaki, E., Okamoto, T.: Secure integration of asymmetric and symmetric encryption schemes. In: Wiener, M. (ed.) CRYPTO 1999. LNCS, vol. 1666, pp. 537\u2013554. Springer, Heidelberg (1999). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-48405-1_34"},{"issue":"1","key":"17_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1007\/s00145-011-9114-1","volume":"26","author":"E Fujisaki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fujisaki, E., Okamoto, T.: Secure integration of asymmetric and symmetric encryption schemes. J. Cryptol. 26(1), 80\u2013101 (2013)","journal-title":"J. Cryptol."},{"key":"17_CR9","unstructured":"Goy, G., Loiseau, A., Gaborit, P.: Estimating the strength of horizontal correlation attacks in the hamming weight leakage model: a side-channel analysis on HQC KEM (2022)"},{"key":"17_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, Q., Hlauschek, C., Johansson, T., Lahr, N., Nilsson, A., Schr\u00f6der, R.L.: Don\u2019t reject this: key-recovery timing attacks due to rejection-sampling in HQC and bike. Cryptology ePrint Archive (2021)","DOI":"10.46586\/tches.v2022.i3.223-263"},{"key":"17_CR11","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70500-2_12","volume-title":"Theory of Cryptography","author":"D Hofheinz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hofheinz, D., H\u00f6velmanns, K., Kiltz, E.: A modular analysis of the Fujisaki-Okamoto transformation. In: Kalai, Y., Reyzin, L. (eds.) TCC 2017. LNCS, vol. 10677, pp. 341\u2013371. Springer, Cham (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-70500-2_12"},{"key":"17_CR12","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-48405-1_25","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2014 CRYPTO\u2019 99","author":"P Kocher","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kocher, P., Jaffe, J., Jun, B.: Differential power analysis. In: Wiener, M. (ed.) CRYPTO 1999. LNCS, vol. 1666, pp. 388\u2013397. Springer, Heidelberg (1999). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-48405-1_25"},{"key":"17_CR13","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-68697-5_9","volume-title":"Advances in Cryptology \u2014 CRYPTO \u201996","author":"PC Kocher","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kocher, P.C.: Timing attacks on implementations of Diffie-Hellman, RSA, DSS, and other systems. In: Koblitz, N. (ed.) CRYPTO 1996. LNCS, vol. 1109, pp. 104\u2013113. Springer, Heidelberg (1996). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-68697-5_9"},{"key":"17_CR14","unstructured":"MacWilliams, F.J., Sloane, N.J.A.: The Theory of Error Correcting Codes, vol. 16. Elsevier (1977)"},{"key":"17_CR15","first-page":"114","volume":"4244","author":"RJ McEliece","year":"1978","unstructured":"McEliece, R.J.: A public-key cryptosystem based on algebraic. Coding Thv 4244, 114\u2013116 (1978)","journal-title":"Coding Thv"},{"key":"17_CR16","unstructured":"NIST: Submission requirements and evaluation criteria for the post-quantum cryptography standardization process (2016)"},{"key":"17_CR17","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-38471-5_22","volume-title":"Selected Areas in Cryptography \u2013 SAC 2019","author":"TB Paiva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Paiva, T.B., Terada, R.: A timing attack on the HQC encryption\u00a0scheme. In: Paterson, K.G., Stebila, D. (eds.) SAC 2019. LNCS, vol. 11959, pp. 551\u2013573. Springer, Cham (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-38471-5_22"},{"key":"17_CR18","first-page":"2825","volume":"12","author":"F Pedregosa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pedregosa, F., et al.: Scikit-learn: machine learning in Python. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 12, 2825\u20132830 (2011)","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"17_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petrvalsky, M., Richmond, T., Drutarovsky, M., Cayrel, P.L., Fischer, V.: Differential power analysis attack on the secure bit permutation in the mceliece cryptosystem. In: 2016 26th International Conference Radioelektronika (RADIOELEKTRONIKA), pp. 132\u2013137. IEEE (2016)","DOI":"10.1109\/RADIOELEK.2016.7477382"},{"issue":"2","key":"17_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1145\/359340.359342","volume":"21","author":"RL Rivest","year":"1978","unstructured":"Rivest, R.L., Shamir, A., Adleman, L.: A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems. Commun. ACM 21(2), 120\u2013126 (1978)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"17_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schamberger, T., Holzbaur, L., Renner, J., Wachter-Zeh, A., Sigl, G.: A power side-channel attack on the reed-muller reed-solomon version of the HQC cryptosystem. Cryptology ePrint Archive (2022)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-68487-7_8"},{"key":"17_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schamberger, T., Renner, J., Sigl, G., Wachter-Zeh, A.: A power side-channel attack on the CCA2-secure HQC KEM. In: 19th Smart Card Research and Advanced Application Conference (CARDIS2020) (2020)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-68487-7_8"},{"key":"17_CR23","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6der, L.: A novel timing side-channel assisted key-recovery attack against HQC. Ph.D. thesis, Wien (2022)"},{"key":"17_CR24","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25405-5_4","volume-title":"Post-Quantum Cryptography","author":"N Sendrier","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sendrier, N.: Decoding one out of many. In: Yang, B.-Y. (ed.) PQCrypto 2011. LNCS, vol. 7071, pp. 51\u201367. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-25405-5_4"},{"key":"17_CR25","unstructured":"Wafo-Tapa, G., Bettaieb, S., Bidoux, L., Gaborit, P., Marcatel, E.: A practicable timing attack against HQC and its countermeasure. In: Advances in Mathematics of Communications (2020)"},{"key":"17_CR26","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-44709-1_24","volume-title":"Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems \u2014 CHES 2001","author":"CD Walter","year":"2001","unstructured":"Walter, C.D.: Sliding windows succumbs to big mac attack. In: Ko\u00e7, \u00c7.K., Naccache, D., Paar, C. (eds.) CHES 2001. LNCS, vol. 2162, pp. 286\u2013299. Springer, Heidelberg (2001). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-44709-1_24"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Post-Quantum Cryptography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-17234-2_17","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,25]],"date-time":"2022-09-25T21:04:45Z","timestamp":1664139885000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-17234-2_17"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"ISBN":["9783031172335","9783031172342"],"references-count":26,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-17234-2_17","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 September 2022","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"PQCrypto","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Post-Quantum Cryptography","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2022","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"28 September 2022","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"30 September 2022","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"13","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"pqcrypto2022","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/2022.pqcrypto.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"EasyChair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"66","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"23","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"35% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3.1","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"5","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}