{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T07:03:12Z","timestamp":1760598192045,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031212437"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031212444"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-21244-4_4","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T20:06:23Z","timestamp":1668110783000},"page":"39-53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Three-way Decision, Three-World Conception, and\u00a0Explainable AI"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6502-6226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiyu","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"4_CR1","volume-title":"The Nature of Explanation","author":"P Achinstein","year":"1983","unstructured":"Achinstein, P.: The Nature of Explanation. Oxford University Press, New York (1983)"},{"key":"4_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52138","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2870052","volume":"6","author":"A Adadi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Adadi, A., Berrada, M.: Peeking inside the black-box: a survey on explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). IEEE Access 6, 52138\u201352160 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"4_CR3","volume-title":"The Balancing and Synthesis of the Opposites","author":"R Assagioli","year":"1972","unstructured":"Assagioli, R.: The Balancing and Synthesis of the Opposites. Psychosynthesis Research Foundation, New York (1972)"},{"key":"4_CR4","unstructured":"Boer, C.: Thinking in threes: how we human love patterns. Kindle Edition (2014)"},{"key":"4_CR5","volume-title":"The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values","author":"B Christian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Christian, B.: The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values. W.W. Norton & Company, New York (2020)"},{"key":"4_CR6","volume-title":"Atomic Habits: An Easy & Proven Way to Build Good Habits & Break Bad Ones","author":"J Clear","year":"2018","unstructured":"Clear, J.: Atomic Habits: An Easy & Proven Way to Build Good Habits & Break Bad Ones. Avery, New York (2018)"},{"key":"4_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X01003922","volume":"24","author":"N Cowan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cowan, N.: The magical number 4 in short-term memory: a reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behav. Brain Sci. 24, 87\u2013185 (2000)","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"4_CR8","volume-title":"The Name of the Number","author":"MAB Deakin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Deakin, M.A.B.: The Name of the Number. ACER Press, Camberwell, Victoria (2007)"},{"key":"4_CR9","first-page":"401","volume-title":"Every Man His Way: Readings in Cultural Anthropology","author":"A Dundes","year":"1968","unstructured":"Dundes, A.: The number three in American culture. In: Dundes, A. (ed.) Every Man His Way: Readings in Cultural Anthropology, pp. 401\u2013424. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1968)"},{"key":"4_CR10","volume-title":"Talk Like TED: The 9 Public-Speaking Secrets of the World\u2019s Top Minds","author":"C Gallo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gallo, C.: Talk Like TED: The 9 Public-Speaking Secrets of the World\u2019s Top Minds. Sy. Martin\u2019s Press, New York (2014)"},{"key":"4_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009567421256","volume":"13","author":"JF Gu","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gu, J.F., Zhu, Z.C.: Knowing Wuli, sensing Shili, caring for Renli: methodology of the WSR approach. Syst. Pract. Action Res. 13, 11\u201320 (2000)","journal-title":"Syst. Pract. Action Res."},{"key":"4_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7120","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aay7120","volume":"4","author":"D Gunning","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gunning, D., Stefik, M., Choi, J., Miller, T., Stumpf, S., Yang, G.Z.: XAI - Explainable artificial intelligence. Sci. Robot. 4, 7120 (2019)","journal-title":"Sci. Robot."},{"key":"4_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Harteveld, C.: Triadic Game Design: Balancing Reality. Meaning and Play. Springer-Verlag, London (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-84996-157-8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84996-157-8"},{"key":"4_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.2307\/1418556","volume":"62","author":"EL Kaufman","year":"1949","unstructured":"Kaufman, E.L., Lord, M.W., Reese, T.W., Volkmann, J.: The discrimination of visual number. Am. J. Psychol. 62, 498\u2013525 (1949)","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychol."},{"key":"4_CR15","volume-title":"Tribal Leadership: Leveraging Natural Groups to Build a Thriving Organization","author":"D Logan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Logan, D., King, J., Fischer-Wright, H.: Tribal Leadership: Leveraging Natural Groups to Build a Thriving Organization. Harper Business, New York (2011)"},{"key":"4_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1037\/h0043158","volume":"63","author":"GA Miller","year":"1956","unstructured":"Miller, G.A.: The magical number seven, plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychol. Rev. 63, 81\u201397 (1956)","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"4_CR17","volume-title":"Understanding Social Research","author":"J Mouton","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mouton, J.: Understanding Social Research. Van Schaik Publishers, Hatfield, Pretoria (1996)"},{"key":"4_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01001956","volume":"11","author":"Z Pawlak","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pawlak, Z.: Rough sets. Int. J. Comput. Inf. Sci. 11, 341\u2013356 (1982)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pawlak, Z.: Rough Sets. Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Data. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1991)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-3534-4_7"},{"key":"4_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1080\/00207390500433608","volume":"37","author":"L Pogliani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pogliani, L., Klein, D.J., Balaban, A.T.: Does science also prefer a ternary pattern? Int. J. Math. Educ. Sci. Technol. 37, 379\u2013399 (2006)","journal-title":"Int. J. Math. Educ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"4_CR21","unstructured":"Popper, K..: In Search of a Better World: Lectures and Essays from Thirty Years. Routledge, New York (1994)"},{"key":"4_CR22","volume-title":"Complex Society: In the Middle of a Middle World","author":"B Radej","year":"2021","unstructured":"Radej, B., Golobi\u010d, M.: Complex Society: In the Middle of a Middle World. Vernon Press, Wilmington, Delaware (2021)"},{"key":"4_CR23","volume-title":"Explaining Explanation","author":"DH Ruben","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ruben, D.H.: Explaining Explanation. Routledge, New York (1990)"},{"key":"4_CR24","volume-title":"Human Compatible: Artificial Intelligence and the Problem of Control","author":"SJ Russell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Russell, S.J.: Human Compatible: Artificial Intelligence and the Problem of Control. Viking, New York (2019)"},{"key":"4_CR25","unstructured":"Schneider, M.S.: A Beginner\u2019s Guide to Constructing the Universe: The Mathematical Archetypes of Nature, Art, and Science. Harper, New York (1994)"},{"key":"4_CR26","unstructured":"Schopenhauer, A.: The World as Will and Idea, Vol. I, II, III, 7th Edition. Kegan Paul, Trench, Tr\u00fcbner & Co., London (1909)"},{"key":"4_CR27","volume-title":"The Mathematical Theory of Communication","author":"CE Shannon","year":"1949","unstructured":"Shannon, C.E., Weaver, W.: The Mathematical Theory of Communication. The University of Illinois Press, Urbana (1949)"},{"key":"4_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shaw, V.N.: Three Worlds of Collective Human Experience: Individual Life, Social Change, and Human Evolution. LNCS (LNAI), Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-98195-6_16","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-98195-6_16"},{"key":"4_CR29","volume-title":"Start With Why: How Great Leaders Inspire Everyone to Take Action","author":"S Sinek","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sinek, S.: Start With Why: How Great Leaders Inspire Everyone to Take Action. Portfolio\/Penguin, New York (2009)"},{"key":"4_CR30","unstructured":"Stern, H.W.. In support of a triadic conception of reality. https:\/\/harrisstern.medium.com\/in-support-of-a-triadic-conception-of-reality-38a784229e9d Accessed 9 June 2022"},{"key":"4_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139565202","volume-title":"How Humans Learn to Think Mathematically: Exploring the Three Worlds of Mathematics","author":"D Tall","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tall, D.: How Humans Learn to Think Mathematically: Exploring the Three Worlds of Mathematics. Cambridge University Press, New York (2013)"},{"key":"4_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(78)80049-2","volume":"10","author":"W Van Melle","year":"1978","unstructured":"Van Melle, W.: MYCIN: a knowledge-based consultation program for infectious disease diagnosis. Int. J. Man-Mach. Stud. 10, 313\u2013322 (1978)","journal-title":"Int. J. Man-Mach. Stud."},{"key":"4_CR33","volume-title":"Ideas: A History, from Fire to Freud","author":"P Watson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Watson, P.: Ideas: A History, from Fire to Freud. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London (2005)"},{"key":"4_CR34","volume-title":"The World as Idea: A Conceptual History","author":"CP Webel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Webel, C.P.: The World as Idea: A Conceptual History. Routledge, New York (2022)"},{"key":"4_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wei, W.J., Miao, D.Q., Li, Y.X.: A bibliometric profile of research on rough sets. In: IJCRS 2019, LNCS, vol. 11499, pp. 534\u2013548 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-22815-6_41","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-22815-6_41"},{"key":"4_CR36","volume-title":"To Explain the World: The Discovery of Modern Science","author":"S Weinberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Weinberg, S.: To Explain the World: The Discovery of Modern Science. Harper Perennial, New York (2015)"},{"issue":"5","key":"4_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-020-01082-x","volume":"11","author":"B Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang, B., Li, J.: Complex network analysis of three-way decision researches. Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern. 11(5), 973\u2013987 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13042-020-01082-x","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern."},{"key":"4_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yao, J.T.: The impact of rough set conferences. In: IJCRS 2019, LNCS, vol. 11499, pp. 383\u2013394 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-22815-6_30","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-22815-6_30"},{"key":"4_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: Three-way decision: an interpretation of rules in rough set theory. In: RSKT 2009, LNCS, vol. 5589, pp. 642\u2013649 (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-02962-2_81","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02962-2_81"},{"key":"4_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.09.021","volume":"180","author":"YY Yao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: Three-way decisions with probabilistic rough sets. Inf. Sci. 180, 341\u2013353 (2010)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: An outline of a theory of three-way decisions. In: RSCTC 2012, LNCS, vol. 7413, pp. 1\u201317 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-32115-3_1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-32115-3_1"},{"key":"4_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s12559-016-9397-5","volume":"8","author":"YY Yao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: Three-way decisions and cognitive computing. Cogn. Comput. 8, 543\u2013554 (2016)","journal-title":"Cogn. Comput."},{"key":"4_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2018.09.005","volume":"103","author":"YY Yao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: Three-way decision and granular computing. Int. J. Approximate Reasoning 103, 107\u2013123 (2018)","journal-title":"Int. J. Approximate Reasoning"},{"key":"4_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-019-01040-2","volume":"11","author":"YY Yao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: Tri-level thinking: models of three-way decision. Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern. 11, 947\u2013959 (2020)","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern."},{"key":"4_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2019.11.002","volume":"116","author":"YY Yao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: Three-way granular computing, rough sets, and formal concept analysis. Int. J. Approximate Reasoning 116, 106\u2013125 (2020)","journal-title":"Int. J. Approximate Reasoning"},{"issue":"9","key":"4_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6298","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-020-02142-z","volume":"51","author":"Y Yao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yao, Y.: The geometry of three-way decision. Appl. Intell. 51(9), 6298\u20136325 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10489-020-02142-z","journal-title":"Appl. Intell."},{"key":"4_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s41066-020-00211-9","volume":"6","author":"YY Yao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: Set-theoretic models of three-way decision. Granular Comput. 6, 133\u2013148 (2021)","journal-title":"Granular Comput."},{"key":"4_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2022.02.001","volume":"144","author":"YY Yao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: Symbols-Meaning-Value (SMV) space as a basis for a conceptual model of data science. Int. J. Approximate Reasoning 144, 113\u2013128 (2022)","journal-title":"Int. J. Approximate Reasoning"},{"key":"4_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao, Y.Y.: Human-machine co-intelligence through symbiosis in the SMV space. Appl. Intell. 1\u201321 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10489-022-03574-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-022-03574-5"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Rough Sets"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-21244-4_4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T17:04:32Z","timestamp":1709831072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-21244-4_4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"ISBN":["9783031212437","9783031212444"],"references-count":49,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-21244-4_4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 November 2022","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"IJCRS","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Joint Conference on Rough Sets","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Suzhou","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"China","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2022","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"11 November 2022","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"14 November 2022","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"ijcrs2022","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/www.ijcrs2022.cn\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Easy chair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"42","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"28","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"67% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}