{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T05:11:23Z","timestamp":1750137083799,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031358210"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031358227"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-35822-7_14","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,8]],"date-time":"2023-07-08T23:04:57Z","timestamp":1688857497000},"page":"194-212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Question Answering Tool for\u00a0Website Privacy Policy Comprehension"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6747-1021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Mazzola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1347-9108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atreya","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9778-8495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christof","family":"Bless","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7378-0664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A.","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2772-5701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Waldis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0595-0430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Denzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michiel","family":"Van Roey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"14_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-21025-9_10","volume-title":"Leadership and Management in Healthcare","author":"S Abela","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abela, S.: Data protection and freedom of information. In: Abela, S. (ed.) Leadership and Management in Healthcare, pp. 103\u2013107. Springer, Cham (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-21025-9_10"},{"key":"14_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crook, M.: The Caldicott report and patient confidentiality (2003)","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.56.6.426"},{"key":"14_CR3","unstructured":"Devlin, J., Chang, M.W., Lee, K., Toutanova, K.: BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805 (2018)"},{"key":"14_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fabian, B., Ermakova, T., Lentz, T.: Large-scale readability analysis of privacy policies. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Web Intelligence, pp. 18\u201325 (2017)","DOI":"10.1145\/3106426.3106427"},{"issue":"5","key":"14_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1037\/h0031619","volume":"76","author":"JL Fleiss","year":"1971","unstructured":"Fleiss, J.L.: Measuring nominal scale agreement among many raters. Psychol. Bull. 76(5), 378 (1971)","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"14_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, L., Callan, J.: Condenser: a pre-training architecture for dense retrieval. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.08253 (2021)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.emnlp-main.75"},{"key":"14_CR7","unstructured":"Gao, L., Callan, J.: Is your language model ready for dense representation fine-tuning. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.08253 (2021)"},{"issue":"6","key":"14_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.2501\/IJMR-2017-050","volume":"59","author":"M Goddard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Goddard, M.: The EU general data protection regulation (GDPR): European regulation that has a global impact. Int. J. Mark. Res. 59(6), 703\u2013705 (2017)","journal-title":"Int. J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"14_CR9","unstructured":"Honnibal, M., Montani, I., Van Landeghem, S., Boyd, A., et al.: Spacy: industrial-strength natural language processing in Python (2020)"},{"key":"14_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khattab, O., Zaharia, M.: ColBERT: efficient and effective passage search via contextualized late interaction over BERT. In: Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 39\u201348 (2020)","DOI":"10.1145\/3397271.3401075"},{"issue":"4","key":"14_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1162\/coli.2006.32.4.485","volume":"32","author":"T Kiss","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kiss, T., Strunk, J.: Unsupervised multilingual sentence boundary detection. Comput. Linguist. 32(4), 485\u2013525 (2006)","journal-title":"Comput. Linguist."},{"key":"14_CR12","unstructured":"Korunovska, J., Kamleitner, B., Spiekermann, S.: The challenges and impact of privacy policy comprehension. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.08967 (2020)"},{"issue":"24","key":"14_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2479","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17628","volume":"324","author":"S Leatherman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leatherman, S., Berwick, D.M.: Accelerating global improvements in health care quality. JAMA 324(24), 2479\u20132480 (2020)","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"14_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Stolcke, A., Shriberg, E., Harper, M.: Using conditional random fields for sentence boundary detection in speech. In: Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL 2005), pp. 451\u2013458 (2005)","DOI":"10.3115\/1219840.1219896"},{"key":"14_CR15","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-05563-8_5","volume-title":"HCI for Cybersecurity, Privacy and Trust","author":"L Mazzola","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mazzola, L., Waldis, A., Shankar, A., Argyris, D., Denzler, A., Van Roey, M.: Privacy and customer\u2019s education: NLP for information resources suggestions and expert finder systems. In: Moallem, A. (ed.) HCII 2022. LNCS, vol. 13333, pp. 62\u201377. Springer, Cham (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-05563-8_5"},{"key":"14_CR16","unstructured":"Mikolov, T., Sutskever, I., Chen, K., Corrado, G.S., Dean, J.: Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 26 (2013)"},{"key":"14_CR17","unstructured":"Nogueira, R., Cho, K.: Passage re-ranking with BERT. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.04085 (2019)"},{"issue":"16","key":"14_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11162426","volume":"11","author":"S Peters","year":"2022","unstructured":"Peters, S., Verhagen, H.: An evaluation of the nutri-score system along the reasoning for scientific substantiation of health claims in the EU\u2014a narrative review. Foods 11(16), 2426 (2022)","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"14_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qi, P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Bolton, J., Manning, C.D.: Stanza: a Python natural language processing toolkit for many human languages. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.07082 (2020)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.acl-demos.14"},{"key":"14_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ravichander, A., Black, A.W., Wilson, S., Norton, T., Sadeh, N.: Question answering for privacy policies: combining computational and legal perspectives. In: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP), Hong Kong, China, pp. 4949\u20134959. Association for Computational Linguistics (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/D19-1500. https:\/\/www.aclweb.org\/anthology\/D19-1500","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1500"},{"key":"14_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robertson, S.E., Walker, S., Jones, S., Hancock-Beaulieu, M.M., Gatford, M., et al.: Okapi at trec-3. NIST Special Publication Sp 109, 109 (1995)","DOI":"10.6028\/NIST.SP.500-225.city"},{"key":"14_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sadvilkar, N., Neumann, M.: PySBD: pragmatic sentence boundary disambiguation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.09657 (2020)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.nlposs-1.15"},{"key":"14_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sanchez, G.: Sentence boundary detection in legal text. In: Proceedings of the Natural Legal Language Processing Workshop 2019, Minneapolis, Minnesota, pp. 31\u201338. Association for Computational Linguistics (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/W19-2204. https:\/\/aclanthology.org\/W19-2204","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W19-2204"},{"key":"14_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santhanam, K., Khattab, O., Saad-Falcon, J., Potts, C., Zaharia, M.: ColBERTv2: effective and efficient retrieval via lightweight late interaction. arXiv preprint arXiv:2112.01488 (2021)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.naacl-main.272"},{"key":"14_CR25","first-page":"21","volume":"58","author":"J Savelka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Savelka, J., Walker, V.R., Grabmair, M., Ashley, K.D.: Sentence boundary detection in adjudicatory decisions in the United States. Traitement automatique des langues 58, 21 (2017)","journal-title":"Traitement automatique des langues"},{"key":"14_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, P., Li, Y.: Self-supervised contextual keyword and keyphrase retrieval with self-labelling (2019). https:\/\/www.preprints.org\/manuscript\/201908.0073\/v1","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints201908.0073.v1"},{"key":"14_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sivan-Sevilla, I.: Varieties of enforcement strategies post-GDPR: a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (FSQCA) across data protection authorities. J. Eur. Public Policy 1\u201334 (2022)","DOI":"10.31235\/osf.io\/kjf8q"},{"key":"14_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Subrahmanya, S.V.G., et al.: The role of data science in healthcare advancements: applications, benefits, and future prospects. Irish J. Med. Sci. (1971-) 191(4), 1473\u20131483 (2022)","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-021-02730-z"},{"issue":"1","key":"14_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clsr.2017.05.015","volume":"34","author":"C Tikkinen-Piri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tikkinen-Piri, C., Rohunen, A., Markkula, J.: EU general data protection regulation: changes and implications for personal data collecting companies. Comput. Law Secur. Rev. 34(1), 134\u2013153 (2018)","journal-title":"Comput. Law Secur. Rev."},{"key":"14_CR30","unstructured":"Tkachenko, M., Malyuk, M., Holmanyuk, A., Liubimov, N.: Label Studio: Data labeling software (2020\u20132022). Open source software https:\/\/github.com\/heartexlabs\/label-studio"},{"key":"14_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trotman, A., Puurula, A., Burgess, B.: Improvements to BM25 and language models examined. In: Proceedings of the 2014 Australasian Document Computing Symposium, pp. 58\u201365 (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2682862.2682863"},{"issue":"3","key":"14_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2008.922634","volume":"55","author":"MW Vail","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vail, M.W., Earp, J.B., Ant\u00f3n, A.I.: An empirical study of consumer perceptions and comprehension of web site privacy policies. IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag. 55(3), 442\u2013454 (2008)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag."},{"issue":"1","key":"14_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/13642987.2020.1789109","volume":"25","author":"AD Vanberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vanberg, A.D.: Informational privacy post GDPR-end of the road or the start of a long journey? Int. J. Hum. Rights 25(1), 52\u201378 (2021)","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Rights"},{"key":"14_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, C., Guo, D., Duan, N., McAuley, J.: LaPraDoR: unsupervised pretrained dense retriever for zero-shot text retrieval. arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.06169 (2022)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.findings-acl.281"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","HCI for Cybersecurity, Privacy and Trust"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-35822-7_14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T21:27:44Z","timestamp":1729718864000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-35822-7_14"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"ISBN":["9783031358210","9783031358227"],"references-count":34,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-35822-7_14","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 July 2023","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"HCII","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Copenhagen","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Denmark","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2023","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"23 July 2023","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"28 July 2023","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"25","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"hcii2023","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/2023.hci.international\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"CMS","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"7472","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"1578","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"396","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"21% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"No","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}