{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T02:17:42Z","timestamp":1743128262380,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031376481"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031376498"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":205,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>NAO is a small humanoid robot which affords multimodal interaction through speech, non-verbal sounds, visual pattern recognition, gestures and touch. NAO can be animated to move its head, arms, legs in space and to manifest emotional reactions through dialogue, sounds, body movements and light effects. This paper reports on the design, implementation, play-testing and evaluation of a multimodal, playful interaction with NAO in two pre-studies and one pilot study with altogether 209 participants of all age groups. The application \u201cNAO says\u201d was designed based on the popular imitation game \u201cSimon says\u201d, in which three or more players follow the command \u201cSimon says\u201d. In \u201cNAO says\u201d the robot plays the role of Simon and asks the players to play a series of mini-games by imitating body movements and solving simple mathematical riddles. The design of \u201cNAO says\u201d focuses on creating an experience of a less constrained, playful interaction rather than following strict rules of the game. The paper describes the design of the game, the implementation in pilot studies and the results from three evaluations which investigated the perceptions of NAO as a game leader, and perceived psychological stress before and after the playful interaction with the robot. The results indicate that the robot was perceived as a friendly, joyful and pleasant interaction partner and that perceived stress was lower after playing the game.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-37649-8_14","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T04:02:08Z","timestamp":1690257728000},"page":"139-149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u201cNAO Says\u201d: Designing and Evaluating Multimodal Playful Interactions with the Humanoid Robot NAO"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9189-7217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilona","family":"Buchem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8815-3081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Br\u00f6mmling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6920-7139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niklas","family":"B\u00e4cker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"14_CR1","volume-title":"Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play Element in Culture","author":"J Huizinga","year":"1950","unstructured":"Huizinga, J.: Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play Element in Culture. Beacon, Boston (1950)"},{"key":"14_CR2","unstructured":"Deterding, S., Khaled, R., Nacke, L.E., Dixon, D.: Gamification: toward a definition. In: CHI 2011, 7\u201312 May 2011, Vancouver, BC, Canada. ACM (2011)"},{"key":"14_CR3","unstructured":"Gaver, W.: Designing for Homo Ludens. I3 Mag. 12, 2\u20136 (2002)"},{"key":"14_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Krause, M.: Designing systems with Homo Ludens in the loop. In: Michelucci, P. (ed.) Handbook of Human Computation. Springer, New York (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4614-8806-4_31","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-8806-4_31"},{"key":"14_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pedersen, B.K., Andersen, K.E., J\u2298rgensen, A., K\u00f6slich, S., Sherzai, F., Nielsen, J.: Towards playful learning and computational thinking\u2014Developing the educational robot BRICKO. In: 2018 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC), pp. 37\u201344 (2018)","DOI":"10.1109\/ISECon.2018.8340502"},{"key":"14_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tolksdorf, N.F., Rohlfing, K.J.: Parents\u2019 views on using social robots for language learning. In: 2020 29th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN), pp. 634\u2013640 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/RO-MAN47096.2020.9223540"},{"key":"14_CR7","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23774-4_38","volume-title":"Human-Computer Interaction \u2013 INTERACT 2011","author":"S Rennick Egglestone","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rennick Egglestone, S., Walker, B., Marshall, J., Benford, S., McAuley, D.: Analysing the playground: sensitizing concepts to inform systems that promote playful interaction. In: Campos, P., Graham, N., Jorge, J., Nunes, N., Palanque, P., Winckler, M. (eds.) INTERACT 2011. LNCS, vol. 6946, pp. 452\u2013469. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-23774-4_38"},{"key":"14_CR8","unstructured":"Azizah, N.L.: The effect of Simon says game towards students\u2019 listening comprehension at the tenth grade of senior high school students (2020)"},{"key":"14_CR9","unstructured":"Dalimunthe, M.B.: The Implementation of the Simon Says Game to Improve Students\u2019 Vocabulary Mastery in Learning English at MTS. Laboratorium. UIN-SU MEDAN (2018)"},{"key":"14_CR10","unstructured":"Palazzi, C.E., Maggiorini, D., Burattin, A., Ferro, R.: Simon says the color: the digital evolution of an outdoor kids game. In: SimuTools (2010)"},{"key":"14_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igaa057.624","volume":"4","author":"Y Lin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lin, Y., et al.: Can robots encourage social engagement among older adults? Innov. Aging 4, 193 (2020)","journal-title":"Innov. Aging"},{"key":"14_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chao, C., Lee, J., Begum, M., Thomaz, A.L.: Simon plays Simon says: the timing of turn-taking in an imitation game. In: 2011 RO-MAN, pp. 235\u2013240 (2011)","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2011.6005239"},{"key":"14_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, C., Imeokparia, E., Ketzner, M., Tsahai, T.: Teaching the NAO robot to play a human-robot interactive game. In: 2019 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI), pp. 712\u2013715 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/CSCI49370.2019.00134"},{"key":"14_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-5819(02)00138-6","volume":"58","author":"M Hertzum","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hertzum, M.: Making use of scenarios: a field study of conceptual design. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 58, 215\u2013239 (2003)","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud."},{"key":"14_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, W., Liang, H., Yu, K., Baghaei, N.: Effect of gameplay uncertainty, display type, and age on virtual reality exergames. In: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2021)","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445801"},{"key":"14_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amberkar, S., Bennett, K., Delchamps, A., Edwards, R.: Expanding the playtest method for UX research beyond gaming. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, vol. 63, pp. 2239\u20132243 (2019)","DOI":"10.1177\/1071181319631119"},{"key":"14_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-008-0001-3","volume":"1","author":"C Bartneck","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bartneck, C., Kuli\u0107, D., Croft, E.A., Zoghbi, S.: Measurement instruments for the anthropomorphism, animacy, likeability, perceived intelligence, and perceived safety of robots. Int. J. Soc. Robot. 1, 71\u201381 (2009)","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Robot."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems","Digital Interaction and Machine Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-37649-8_14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T04:11:08Z","timestamp":1690258268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-37649-8_14"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"ISBN":["9783031376481","9783031376498"],"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-37649-8_14","relation":{},"ISSN":["2367-3370","2367-3389"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2367-3370"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2367-3389"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 July 2023","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"MIDI","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Machine Intelligence and Digital Interaction Conference","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2022","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"12 December 2022","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"15 December 2022","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"midi12022","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/midi2022.opi.org.pl\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}