{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T10:00:41Z","timestamp":1766138441982,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031424472"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031424489"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-42448-9_4","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T23:02:21Z","timestamp":1694386941000},"page":"34-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["When Sarcasm Hurts: Irony-Aware Models for\u00a0Abusive Language Detection"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6215-3374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Frenda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5991-370X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana","family":"Patti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8922-1242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Rosso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"4_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basile, V., et al.: SemEval-2019 task 5: multilingual detection of hate speech against immigrants and women in Twitter. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, pp. 54\u201363 (2019)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/S19-2007"},{"issue":"1","key":"4_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007327622663","volume":"28","author":"J Baxter","year":"1997","unstructured":"Baxter, J.: A Bayesian\/information theoretic model of learning to learn via multiple task sampling. Mach. Learn. 28(1), 7\u201339 (1997)","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"issue":"4","key":"4_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/0163853X.2010.532757","volume":"48","author":"A Bowes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bowes, A., Katz, A.: When sarcasm stings. Discourse Process. Multi. J. 48(4), 215\u2013236 (2011)","journal-title":"Discourse Process. Multi. J."},{"key":"4_CR4","unstructured":"Caselli, T., Basile, V., Mitrovi\u0107, J., Kartoziya, I., Granitzer, M.: I feel offended, don\u2019t be abusive! implicit\/explicit messages in offensive and abusive language. In: Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pp. 6193\u20136202 (2020)"},{"key":"4_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cignarella, A.T., Frenda, S., Basile, V., Bosco, C., Patti, V., Rosso, P.: Overview of the EVALITA 2018 task on irony detection in Italian tweets (IronITA). In: Proceedings of the Sixth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian (EVALITA 2018) Co-located with the Fifth CLiC-it, vol. 2263, pp. 1\u20136 (2018)","DOI":"10.4000\/books.aaccademia.4470"},{"key":"4_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cimino, A., De Mattei, L., Dell\u2019Orletta, F.: Multi-task learning in deep neural networks at EVALITA 2018. In: Proceedings of the Sixth Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian (EVALITA 2018) Co-located with the Fifth CLiC-it, vol. 2263 (2018)","DOI":"10.4000\/books.aaccademia.4527"},{"key":"4_CR7","volume-title":"Jokes and Targets","author":"C Davies","year":"2011","unstructured":"Davies, C.: Jokes and Targets. Indiana University Press, Bloomington (2011)"},{"key":"4_CR8","unstructured":"Devlin, J., Chang, M., Lee, K., Toutanova, K.: BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. In: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (NAACL-HLT 2019), pp. 4171\u20134186 (2019)"},{"issue":"1","key":"4_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327868ms1001_2","volume":"10","author":"S Dews","year":"1995","unstructured":"Dews, S., Winner, E.: Muting the meaning a social function of irony. Metaphor Symbolic Act. 10(1), 3\u201319 (1995)","journal-title":"Metaphor Symbolic Act."},{"issue":"1","key":"4_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1037\/cdp0000041","volume":"22","author":"S Douglass","year":"2016","unstructured":"Douglass, S., Mirpuri, S., English, D., Yip, T.: \u2018They were just making jokes\u2019: ethnic\/racial teasing and discrimination among adolescents. Cultur. Divers. Ethnic Minor. Psychol. 22(1), 69\u201382 (2016)","journal-title":"Cultur. Divers. Ethnic Minor. Psychol."},{"key":"4_CR11","unstructured":"Fersini, E., Rosso, P., Anzovino, M.: Overview of the task on automatic misogyny identification at IberEval 2018. In: Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Evaluation of Human Language Technologies for Iberian Languages (IberEval 2018) co-located with 34th Conference of SEPLN, vol. 2150, pp. 214\u2013228 (2018)"},{"key":"4_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fortuna, P., Nunes, S.: A survey on automatic detection of hate speech in text. ACM Comput. Surv. 51(4), 85:1\u201385:30 (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3232676"},{"key":"4_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frenda, S., Patti, V., Rosso, P.: Killing me softly: creative and cognitive aspects of implicitness in abusive language online. Nat. Lang. Eng. 1\u201322 (2022)","DOI":"10.1017\/S1351324922000316"},{"key":"4_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gambino, G., Pirrone, R.: CHILab @ HaSpeeDe 2: enhancing hate speech detection with part-of-speech tagging. In: Proceedings of the Seventh Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian (EVALITA 2020), vol. 2765 (2020)","DOI":"10.4000\/books.aaccademia.7057"},{"issue":"4","key":"4_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1515\/humor-2016-0013","volume":"29","author":"G Kuipers","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kuipers, G., Van der Ent, B.: The seriousness of ethnic jokes: ethnic humor and social change in the Netherlands, 1995\u20132012. Humor 29(4), 605\u2013633 (2016)","journal-title":"Humor"},{"key":"4_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lavergne, E., Saini, R., Kov\u00e1cs, G., Murphy, K.: TheNorth @ HaSpeeDe 2: BERT-based language model fine-tuning for Italian hate speech detection. In: Proceedings of the Seventh Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian (EVALITA 2020), vol. 2765, pp. 142\u2013147 (2020)","DOI":"10.4000\/books.aaccademia.6989"},{"issue":"1","key":"4_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327868ms1301_1","volume":"13","author":"CJ Lee","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lee, C.J., Katz, A.N.: The differential role of ridicule in sarcasm and irony. Metaphor. Symb. 13(1), 1\u201315 (1998)","journal-title":"Metaphor. Symb."},{"key":"4_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lemmens, J., Markov, I., Daelemans, W.: Improving hate speech type and target detection with hateful metaphor features. In: Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on NLP for Internet Freedom: Censorship, Disinformation, and Propaganda, pp. 7\u201316 (2021)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.nlp4if-1.2"},{"issue":"8","key":"4_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0221152","volume":"14","author":"S MacAvaney","year":"2019","unstructured":"MacAvaney, S., Yao, H.R., Yang, E., Russell, K., Goharian, N., Frieder, O.: Hate speech detection: challenges and solutions. PLoS ONE 14(8), 1\u201316 (2019)","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4_CR20","first-page":"85","volume":"70","author":"LI Merlo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Merlo, L.I., Chulvi, B., Ortega, R., Rosso, P.: When humour hurts: linguistic features to foster explainability. Procesamiento Leng. Nat. (SEPLN) 70, 85\u201398 (2023)","journal-title":"Procesamiento Leng. Nat. (SEPLN)"},{"key":"4_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nobata, C., Tetreault, J., Thomas, A., Mehdad, Y., Chang, Y.: Abusive language detection in online user content. In: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW 2016), pp. 145\u2013153 (2016)","DOI":"10.1145\/2872427.2883062"},{"issue":"3","key":"4_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1207\/S15326950DP3303_1","volume":"33","author":"PM Pexman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pexman, P.M., Olineck, K.M.: Does sarcasm always sting? Investigating the impact of ironic insults and ironic compliments. Discourse Process. 33(3), 199\u2013217 (2002)","journal-title":"Discourse Process."},{"key":"4_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s10579-020-09502-8","volume":"55","author":"F Poletto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Poletto, F., Basile, V., Sanguinetti, M., Bosco, C., Patti, V.: Resources and benchmark corpora for hate speech detection: a systematic review. Lang. Resour. Eval. 55, 477\u2013523 (2021)","journal-title":"Lang. Resour. Eval."},{"key":"4_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanguinetti, M., et al.: Haspeede 2 @ EVALITA2020: overview of the EVALITA 2020 hate speech detection task. In: Proceedings of the Seventh Evaluation Campaign of Natural Language Processing and Speech Tools for Italian (EVALITA 2020), vol. 2765 (2020)","DOI":"10.4000\/books.aaccademia.6897"},{"key":"4_CR25","unstructured":"Sanguinetti, M., Poletto, F., Bosco, C., Patti, V., Stranisci, M.: An Italian twitter corpus of hate speech against immigrants. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018) (2018)"},{"key":"4_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmidt, A., Wiegand, M.: A survey on hate speech detection using natural language processing. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Social Media, pp. 1\u201310 (2017)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-1101"},{"key":"4_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00f8gaard, A., Johannsen, A., Plank, B., Hovy, D., Mart\u00ednez Alonso, H.: What\u2019s in a p-value in NLP? In: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning, pp. 1\u201310 (2014)","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W14-1601"},{"key":"4_CR28","first-page":"209","volume":"67","author":"M Taul\u00e9","year":"2021","unstructured":"Taul\u00e9, M., Ariza, A., Nofre, M., Amig\u00f3, E., Rosso, P.: Overview of DETOXIS at IberLEF 2021: DEtection of TOXicity in comments in Spanish. Procesamiento Leng. Nat. 67, 209\u2013221 (2021)","journal-title":"Procesamiento Leng. Nat."},{"key":"4_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waseem, Z., Davidson, T., Warmsley, D., Weber, I.: Understanding abuse: a typology of abusive language detection subtasks. In: Proceedings of the First Workshop on Abusive Language Online, pp. 78\u201384 (2017)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-3012"},{"key":"4_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Waseem, Z., Hovy, D.: Hateful symbols or hateful people? Predictive features for hate speech detection on twitter. In: Proceedings of the NAACL Student Research Workshop, pp. 88\u201393 (2016)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-2013"},{"issue":"3","key":"4_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1080\/01419870.2013.734386","volume":"36","author":"S Weaver","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weaver, S.: A rhetorical discourse analysis of online anti-Muslim and anti-Semitic jokes. Ethn. Racial Stud. 36(3), 483\u2013499 (2013)","journal-title":"Ethn. Racial Stud."},{"key":"4_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wiegand, M., Ruppenhofer, J., Eder, E.: Implicitly abusive language - what does it actually look like and why are we not getting there? In: Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp. 576\u2013587 (2021)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.naacl-main.48"},{"key":"4_CR33","unstructured":"Wiegand, M., Ruppenhofer, J., Kleinbauer, T.: Detection of abusive language: the problem of biased datasets. In: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, vol. 1, pp. 602\u2013608 (2019)"},{"key":"4_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zampieri, M., Malmasi, S., Nakov, P., Rosenthal, S., Farra, N., Kumar, R.: SemEval-2019 task 6: identifying and categorizing offensive language in social media (OffensEval). In: Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, pp. 75\u201386 (2019)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/S19-2010"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Experimental IR Meets Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-42448-9_4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T16:21:56Z","timestamp":1710260516000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-42448-9_4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"ISBN":["9783031424472","9783031424489"],"references-count":34,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-42448-9_4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 September 2023","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"CLEF","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum for European Languages","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Thessaloniki","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Greece","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2023","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"18 September 2023","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"21 September 2023","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"14","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"clef2023","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/clef2023.clef-initiative.eu\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Easychair","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"35","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"10","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"1","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"29% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"No","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"7 Best of 2022 Labs + 13 Lab Overviews","order":10,"name":"additional_info_on_review_process","label":"Additional Info on Review Process","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}