{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T14:02:26Z","timestamp":1762092146601,"version":"build-2065373602"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031426810"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031426827"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-42682-7_15","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T15:01:46Z","timestamp":1693321306000},"page":"213-228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Interactive Web-Based Learning Materials Vs. Tutorial Chatbot: Differences in\u00a0User Experience"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3981-420X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behzad","family":"Mirzababaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6943-7057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Maitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4754-3179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Fessl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7061-8947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktoria","family":"Pammer-Schindler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"15_CR1","first-page":"92","volume":"24","author":"D Adamson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Adamson, D., Dyke, G., Jang, H., Ros\u00e9, C.P.: Towards an agile approach to adapting dynamic collaboration support to student needs. Int. J. AIED 24(1), 92\u2013124 (2014)","journal-title":"Int. J. AIED"},{"issue":"4","key":"15_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1080\/1475939X.2022.2027267","volume":"31","author":"AK Bansah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bansah, A.K., Darko Agyei, D.: Perceived convenience, usefulness, effectiveness and user acceptance of information technology: evaluating students\u2019 experiences of a learning management system. Technol. Pedagogy Educ. 31(4), 431\u2013449 (2022)","journal-title":"Technol. Pedagogy Educ."},{"key":"15_CR3","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-19773-9_4","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","author":"A Borjigin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borjigin, A., Miao, C., Lim, S.F., Li, S., Shen, Z.: Teachable agents with intrinsic motivation. In: Conati, C., Heffernan, N., Mitrovic, A., Verdejo, M.F. (eds.) AIED 2015. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 9112, pp. 34\u201343. Springer, Cham (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-19773-9_4"},{"issue":"194","key":"15_CR4","first-page":"4","volume":"189","author":"J Brooke","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brooke, J., et al.: SUS-a quick and dirty usability scale. Usability Eval. Ind. 189(194), 4\u20137 (1996)","journal-title":"Usability Eval. Ind."},{"key":"15_CR5","unstructured":"Cai, W., et al.: MathBot: a personalized conversational agent for learning math. ACM (2019)"},{"key":"15_CR6","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-68288-0_11","volume-title":"Chatbot Research and Design","author":"F Catania","year":"2021","unstructured":"Catania, F., Spitale, M., Cosentino, G., Garzotto, F.: Conversational agents to promote children\u2019s verbal communication skills. In: F\u00f8lstad, A., et al. (eds.) CONVERSATIONS 2020. LNCS, vol. 12604, pp. 158\u2013172. Springer, Cham (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-68288-0_11"},{"key":"15_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cicchinelli, A., et al.: Finding traces of self-regulated learning in activity streams. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge, pp. 191\u2013200 (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3170358.3170381"},{"key":"15_CR8","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-29736-7_7","volume-title":"Transforming Learning with Meaningful Technologies","author":"A Fessl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fessl, A., Apaolaza, A., Gledson, A., Pammer-Schindler, V., Vigo, M.: Mirror, mirror on my search...: data-driven reflection and experimentation with search behaviour. In: Scheffel, M., Broisin, J., Pammer-Schindler, V., Ioannou, A., Schneider, J. (eds.) EC-TEL 2019. LNCS, vol. 11722, pp. 83\u201397. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-29736-7_7"},{"key":"15_CR9","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86436-1_1","volume-title":"Technology-Enhanced Learning for a Free, Safe, and Sustainable World","author":"A Fessl","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fessl, A., Maitz, K., Dennerlein, S., Pammer-Schindler, V.: The impact of explicating learning goals on teaching and learning in higher education: evaluating a learning goal visualization. In: De Laet, T., Klemke, R., Alario-Hoyos, C., Hilliger, I., Ortega-Arranz, A. (eds.) EC-TEL 2021. LNCS, vol. 12884, pp. 1\u201315. Springer, Cham (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-86436-1_1"},{"key":"15_CR10","unstructured":"Grossman, J., Lin, Z., Sheng, H., Wei, J.T.Z., Williams, J.J., Goel, S.: MathBot: transforming online resources for learning math into conversational interactions. AAAI 2019 Story-Enabled Intelligence (2019)"},{"issue":"1","key":"15_CR11","first-page":"98","volume":"33","author":"S Gupta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gupta, S., Chen, Y.: Supporting inclusive learning using chatbots? a chatbot-led interview study. J. Inf. Syst. Educ. 33(1), 98\u2013108 (2022)","journal-title":"J. Inf. Syst. Educ."},{"issue":"3","key":"15_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2729.2006.00210.x","volume":"23","author":"Y Kim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kim, Y., Baylor, A.L., Shen, E.: Pedagogical agents as learning companions: the impact of agent emotion and gender. J. Comput. Assist. Learn. 23(3), 220\u2013234 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assist. Learn."},{"issue":"2","key":"15_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326985ep4102_1","volume":"41","author":"PA Kirschner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kirschner, P.A., Sweller, J., Clark, R.E.: Why minimal guidance during instruction does not work: an analysis of the failure of constructivist, discovery, problem-based, experiential, and inquiry-based teaching. Educ. Psychol. 41(2), 75\u201386 (2006)","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol."},{"key":"15_CR14","unstructured":"Kuckartz, U.: Qualitative inhaltsanalyse : Methoden, praxis, computerunterst\u00fctzung (2018)"},{"key":"15_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leong, P.H., Goh, O.S., Yogan, J.K., Sam, Y.H., Fong, C.W.: The evaluation of user experience testing for retrieval-based model and deep learning conversational agent. Inter. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl. 12(4) (2021)","DOI":"10.14569\/IJACSA.2021.0120429"},{"key":"15_CR16","series-title":"Professional and Practice-based Learning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-89582-2_15","volume-title":"Research Approaches on Workplace Learning","author":"A Littlejohn","year":"2022","unstructured":"Littlejohn, A., Pammer-Schindler, V.: Technologies for professional learning. In: Harteis, C., Gijbels, D., Kyndt, E. (eds.) Research Approaches on Workplace Learning. PPL, vol. 31, pp. 321\u2013346. Springer, Cham (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-89582-2_15"},{"key":"15_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mirzababaei, B., Pammer-Schindler, V.: An educational conversational agent for GDPR. In: EC-TEL, pp. 470\u2013476. Springer (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-16290-9_38","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-16290-9_38"},{"key":"15_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mirzababaei, B., Pammer-Schindler, V.: Learning to give a complete argument with a conversational agent: an experimental study in two domains of argumentation. In: EC-TEL, pp. 215\u2013228. Springer (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-16290-9_16","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-16290-9_16"},{"key":"15_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neto, A.J.M., Fernandes, M.A.: Chatbot and conversational analysis to promote collaborative learning in distance education. In: 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), vol. 2161, pp. 324\u2013326. IEEE (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICALT.2019.00102"},{"issue":"6","key":"15_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-0355(99)00015-4","volume":"31","author":"PR Pintrich","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pintrich, P.R.: The role of motivation in promoting and sustaining self-regulated learning. Int. J. Educ. Res. 31(6), 459\u2013470 (1999)","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"15_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-004-0006-x","volume":"16","author":"PR Pintrich","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pintrich, P.R.: A conceptual framework for assessing motivation and self-regulated learning in college students. Educ. Psychol. Rev. 16(4), 385\u2013407 (2004)","journal-title":"Educ. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"15_CR22","unstructured":"Redecker, C., et al.: European framework for the digital competence of educators: Digcompedu. Tech. rep, Joint Research Centre (Seville site) (2017)"},{"key":"15_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruan, S., et al.: QuizBot: a dialogue-based adaptive learning system for factual knowledge. In: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI, pp. 1\u201313 (2019)","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300587"},{"key":"15_CR24","unstructured":"Sankey, M.D., Marshall, S.J.: Perspective chapter: the learning management system of 2028 and how we start planning for this now. In: Higher Education-Reflections From the Field. IntechOpen (2023)"},{"key":"15_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shirk, J.: Designing a self-paced learning experience to support learner self-regulation. J. Teach. Learn. Technol. 9(1) (2020)","DOI":"10.14434\/jotlt.v9i1.29527"},{"issue":"4","key":"15_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3789","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10431-4","volume":"26","author":"D Turnbull","year":"2021","unstructured":"Turnbull, D., Chugh, R., Luck, J.: Issues in learning management systems implementation: a comparison of research perspectives between Australia and China. Educ. Inf. Technol. 26(4), 3789\u20133810 (2021)","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"15_CR27","unstructured":"Vuorikari Rina, R., Kluzer, S., Punie, Y.: Digcomp 2.2: the digital competence framework for citizens-with new examples of knowledge, skills and attitudes. Tech. rep., Joint Research Centre (Seville site) (2022)"},{"key":"15_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wambsganss, T., Kueng, T., Soellner, M., Leimeister, J.M.: ArgueTutor: an adaptive dialog-based learning system for argumentation skills. In: Proceedings of the CHI, pp. 1\u201313 (2021)","DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445781"},{"key":"15_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolfbauer, I., Pammer-Schindler, V., Maitz, K., Ros\u00e9, C.P.: A script for conversational reflection guidance: a field study on developing reflection competence with apprentices. IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol. 15(5) (2022)","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2022.3207226"},{"issue":"1","key":"15_CR30","first-page":"92","volume":"47","author":"J Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao, J., Song, T., Sun, Y.: APIHelper: helping junior android programmers learn API usage. IAENG Int. J. Comput. Sci. 47(1), 92\u201397 (2020)","journal-title":"IAENG Int. J. Comput. Sci."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Responsive and Sustainable Educational Futures"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-42682-7_15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T13:58:18Z","timestamp":1762091898000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-42682-7_15"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"ISBN":["9783031426810","9783031426827"],"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-42682-7_15","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 August 2023","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"EC-TEL","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Aveiro","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Portugal","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2023","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"4 September 2023","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"8 September 2023","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"18","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"ectel2023","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/ea-tel.eu\/ectel2023","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}