{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T13:46:50Z","timestamp":1762609610476,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031477508"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031477515"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-47751-5_11","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T17:02:23Z","timestamp":1701363743000},"page":"182-199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Demystifying Web3 Centralization: The Case of\u00a0Off-Chain NFT Hijacking"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6155-4861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"St\u00f6ger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1982-6200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anxin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1162-2337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huayi","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5280-5412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Perrig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"11_CR1","unstructured":"Official IPFS gateway. https:\/\/ipfs.io"},{"key":"11_CR2","unstructured":"OpenSea Bug Bounty Program. https:\/\/hackerone.com\/opensea"},{"key":"11_CR3","unstructured":"Anders, L., Shrug: EIP-4907: Rental NFT, an Extension of EIP-721, March 2022. https:\/\/eips.ethereum.org\/EIPS\/eip-4907"},{"key":"11_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Apostolaki, M., Zohar, A., Vanbever, L.: Hijacking Bitcoin: routing attacks on cryptocurrencies. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S &P) (2017)","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2017.29"},{"key":"11_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Atzei, N., Bartoletti, M., Cimoli, T.: A survey of attacks on ethereum smart contracts SoK. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Principles of Security and Trust (POST) (2017)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-54455-6_8"},{"key":"11_CR6","unstructured":"Birge-Lee, H., Sun, Y., Edmundson, A., Rexford, J., Mittal, P.: Bamboozling certificate authorities with BGP. In: Proceedings of the USENIX Security Symposium (2018)"},{"key":"11_CR7","unstructured":"Burks, Z., Morgan, J., Malone, B., Seibel, J.: EIP-2981: NFT Royalty Standard. https:\/\/eips.ethereum.org\/EIPS\/eip-2981, September 2020"},{"key":"11_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chatzigiannis, P., Baldimtsi, F., Chalkias, K.: SoK: blockchain light clients. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC) (2022)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-18283-9_31"},{"key":"11_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chuat, L., et al.: The Complete Guide to SCION. From Design Principles to Formal Verification, 1st edn. Springer, Cham (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-05288-0","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-05288-0"},{"key":"11_CR10","unstructured":"Chung, T., et al.: A longitudinal, end-to-end view of the DNSSEC ecosystem. In: Proceedings of the USENIX Security Symposium (2017)"},{"key":"11_CR11","unstructured":"Cimpanu, C.: DNS hijacks at two cryptocurrency sites point the finger at GoDaddy, again. https:\/\/therecord.media\/two-cryptocurrency-portals-are-experiencing-a-dns-hijack-at-the-same-time\/. Accessed 01 Oct 2022"},{"key":"11_CR12","unstructured":"Cimpanu, C.: KlaySwap crypto users lose funds after BGP hijack. https:\/\/therecord.media\/klayswap-crypto-users-lose-funds-after-bgp-hijack\/. Accessed 01 Oct 2022"},{"key":"11_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dai, T., Jeitner, P., Shulman, H., Waidner, M.: From IP to transport and beyond: cross-layer attacks against applications. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM Conference (2021)","DOI":"10.1145\/3452296.3472933"},{"key":"11_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daian, P., et al.: Flash boys 2.0: frontrunning in decentralized exchanges, miner extractable value, and consensus instability. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S &P) (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40000.2020.00040"},{"key":"11_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Das, D., Bose, P., Ruaro, N., Kruegel, C., Vigna, G.: Understanding security issues in the NFT ecosystem. In: Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) (2022)","DOI":"10.1145\/3548606.3559342"},{"key":"11_CR16","unstructured":"Duan, H., Fischer, R., Lou, J., Liu, S., Basin, D., Perrig, A.: Rhine: robust and high-performance internet naming with e2e authenticity. In: Proceedings of USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI) (2023)"},{"key":"11_CR17","unstructured":"Entriken, W., Shirley, D., Evans, J., Sachs, N.: EIP-721: Non-Fungible Token Standard"},{"issue":"7","key":"11_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1145\/3212998","volume":"61","author":"I Eyal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eyal, I., Sirer, E.G.: Majority is not enough: bitcoin mining is vulnerable. Commun. ACM 61(7), 95\u2013102 (2018)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"11_CR19","unstructured":"Gilad, Y., Cohen, A., Herzberg, A., Schapira, M., Shulman, H.: Are we there yet? On RPKI\u2019s deployment and security. Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2016\/1010 (2016). https:\/\/eprint.iacr.org\/2016\/1010"},{"key":"11_CR20","unstructured":"Grimmelmann, J., Ji, Y., Kell, T.: EIP-5218: NFT rights management, July 2022. https:\/\/eips.ethereum.org\/EIPS\/eip-5218"},{"key":"11_CR21","unstructured":"Heilman, E., Kendler, A., Zohar, A., Goldberg, S.: Eclipse attacks on bitcoin\u2019s peer-to-peer network. In: Proceedings of USENIX Security (2015)"},{"key":"11_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, B., Liu, Y., Chan, W.K.: Contractfuzzer: fuzzing smart contracts for vulnerability detection. In: Proceedings of the IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE) (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3238147.3238177"},{"key":"11_CR23","unstructured":"Johnston, D., et al.: The general theory of decentralized applications, DApps. Technical report (2014)"},{"key":"11_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, K., Chen, J., Liu, X., Tang, Y.R., Wang, X.F., Luo, X.: As strong as its weakest link: how to break blockchain DApps at RPC Service. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Network and Distributed Systems Security (NDSS) (2021)","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2021.23108"},{"key":"11_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malwa, S.: Two Polygon, Fantom Front Ends Hit by DNS Attack. https:\/\/www.coindesk.com\/tech\/2022\/07\/01\/two-polygon-fantom-front-ends-hit-by-dns-attack\/. Accessed 01 Oct 2022","DOI":"10.56804\/Avishkara.2022.1303"},{"key":"11_CR26","unstructured":"Marlinspike, M.: My first impressions of web3, January 2022. https:\/\/moxie.org\/2022\/01\/07\/web3-first-impressions.html. Accessed 01 Oct 2022"},{"key":"11_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Permenev, A., Dimitrov, D., Tsankov, P., Drachsler-Cohen, D., Vechev, M.: VerX: safety verification of smart contracts. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S &P) (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40000.2020.00024"},{"key":"11_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwarz-Schilling, C., Neu, J., Monnot, B., Asgaonkar, A., Tas, E.N., Tse, D.: Three attacks on proof-of-stake ethereum. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC) (2022)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-18283-9_28"},{"key":"11_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwittmann, L., Wander, M., Weis, T.: Domain impersonation is feasible: a study of CA domain validation vulnerabilities. In: Proceedings of the IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy (EuroS &P) (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/EuroSP.2019.00046"},{"key":"11_CR30","unstructured":"Su, L., et al.: Evil under the sun: understanding and discovering attacks on ethereum decentralized applications. In: Proceedings of USENIX Security (2021)"},{"key":"11_CR31","unstructured":"Verified Market Research (VMR). Non-Fungible Tokens Market Size And Forecast. Technical report (2022)"},{"key":"11_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, D., Feng, H., Siwei, W., Zhou, Y., Lei, W., Yuan, X.: Penny wise and pound foolish: quantifying the risk of unlimited approval of ERC20 tokens on ethereum. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions and Defenses (RAID) (2022)","DOI":"10.1145\/3545948.3545963"},{"key":"11_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Gao, J., Wei, X.: Do NFTs\u2019 owners really possess their assets? A first look at the NFT-to-asset connection fragility. In: Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference (WWW) (2023)","DOI":"10.1145\/3543507.3583281"},{"key":"11_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, L., Qin, K., Torres, C.F., Le, D.V., Gervais, A.: High-frequency trading on decentralized on-chain exchanges. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S &P) (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/SP40001.2021.00027"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Financial Cryptography and Data Security"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-47751-5_11","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T17:03:42Z","timestamp":1701363822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-47751-5_11"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"ISBN":["9783031477508","9783031477515"],"references-count":34,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-47751-5_11","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 December 2023","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"FC","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Bol, Bra\u010d","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Croatia","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2023","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"1 May 2023","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"5 May 2023","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"27","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"fc2023","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/fc23.ifca.ai\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Double-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"HotCRP","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"182","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"39","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"21% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"3.5","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"For the workshops 7 full papers have been accepted from 18 submissions.","order":10,"name":"additional_info_on_review_process","label":"Additional Info on Review Process","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}