{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T10:08:08Z","timestamp":1764842888077,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783031538643"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783031538650"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-53865-0_12","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T11:02:44Z","timestamp":1719486164000},"page":"299-317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Metaverse and Expo 2020: VR. AR, MR, and XR"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8748-6140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan P.","family":"Bowen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"12_CR1","unstructured":"ACM (2018) Fathers of the deep learning revolution receive ACM A.M. Turing Award: Bengio, Hinton and LeCun ushered in major breakthroughs in artificial intelligence. Association for Computing Machinery. https:\/\/awards.acm.org\/about\/2018-turing. Accessed 27 Oct 2023"},{"issue":"3","key":"12_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.3390\/smartcities5030040","volume":"5","author":"Z Allam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Allam Z, Sharifi A, Bibri SE, Jones DS, Krogstie J (2022) The Metaverse as a virtual form of smart cities: opportunities and challenges for environmental, economic, and social sustainability in urban futures. Smart Cities 5(3):771\u2013801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/smartcities5030040","journal-title":"Smart Cities"},{"key":"12_CR3","volume-title":"The great exhibitions","author":"J Allwood","year":"1977","unstructured":"Allwood J (1977) The great exhibitions. Cassell & Collier Macmillan Publishers, London"},{"key":"12_CR4","volume-title":"The crystal palace: 1851\u20131936, a portrait of Victorian enterprise","author":"P Beaver","year":"1970","unstructured":"Beaver P (1970) The crystal palace: 1851\u20131936, a portrait of Victorian enterprise. Hugh Evelyn, London"},{"key":"12_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1007\/s43681-023-00278-5","volume":"3","author":"R Benjamins","year":"2023","unstructured":"Benjamins R, Rubio Vi\u00f1uela Y, Alonso C (2023) Social and ethical challenges of the Metaverse: opening the debate. AI and Ethics 3:689\u2013697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43681-023-00278-5","journal-title":"AI and Ethics"},{"key":"12_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bennett T (2019) The exhibitionary complex. In: Preziosi, Farago C (eds), Grasping the World, chapter 5. Routledge. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9780429399671","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429399671"},{"issue":"3","key":"12_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.3390\/smartcities5030043","volume":"5","author":"SE Bibri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bibri SE (2022) The social shaping of the Metaverse as an alternative to the imaginaries of data-driven smart cities: a study in science, technology, and society. Smart Cities 5(3):832\u2013874. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/smartcities5030043","journal-title":"Smart Cities"},{"key":"12_CR8","unstructured":"Boden M (2016) AI: its nature and future. Oxford University Press"},{"key":"12_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boiano S, Borda A, Gaia G, Rossi S, Cuomo P (2018) Chatbots and new audience opportunities for museums and heritage organisations. In: EVA London 2018: Electronic Visualisation and the Arts. BCS, eWiC. pp 164\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14236\/ewic\/eva2018.33","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/eva2018.33"},{"key":"12_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Boiano S, Borda A, Bowen JP, Gaia G, Giannini T (2022) Vignettes of computer-based museum interactive and games software through the years. In: EVA London 2022: Electronic Visualisation and the Arts. BCS, eWiC, pp 158\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14236\/ewic\/EVA2022.30","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/EVA2022.30"},{"key":"12_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Borda A, Bowen JP (2011) Virtual collaboration and community. In: Virtual communities: concepts, methodologies, tools and applications. Information Resources Management Association, chapter 8.9, IGI Global, pp 2600\u20132611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/978-1-60960-100-3.ch809","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-60960-100-3.ch809"},{"key":"12_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bowen JP, Giannini T, Falconer R, Magruder MT, Marconi E (2021) Beyond human: arts and identity between reality and virtuality in a post-Covid-19 world. In: EVA London 2021: Electronic Visualisation and the Arts. BCS, eWiC, pp 7\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14236\/ewic\/EVA2021.2","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/EVA2021.2"},{"key":"12_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Buhalis D, Karatay N (2022) Mixed reality (MR) for generation Z in cultural heritage tourism towards Metaverse. In: ENTER 2022: information and communication technologies in tourism 2022. Springerhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-94751-4_2","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-94751-4_2"},{"key":"12_CR14","unstructured":"Burdea G, Coiffet P (2017) Virtual reality technology. 2nd edn. Wiley"},{"issue":"3","key":"12_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2022.3181504","volume":"37","author":"L Cao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cao L (2022) Decentralized AI: edge intelligence and smart blockchain, Metaverse, Web3, and DeSci. IEEE Intell Syst 37(3):6\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MIS.2022.3181504","journal-title":"IEEE Intell Syst"},{"key":"12_CR16","unstructured":"Cesar IL (2017) World Expos: a history of structures. Architect Publications."},{"key":"12_CR17","unstructured":"Expo (2022b) Al Wasl Plaza. Expo 2020, Dubai, UAE. https:\/\/virtualexpodubai.com\/al-wasl-plaza. Accessed 27 Oct 2023"},{"key":"12_CR18","unstructured":"Expo (2020) Visitor guide. Expo 2020, Dubai, UAE"},{"key":"12_CR19","unstructured":"Expo (2022a) Expo 2020 Dubai: the definitive edition. Assouline"},{"key":"12_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gaia G, Boiano S, Borda A (2019) Engaging museum visitors with AI: the case of Chatbots. In: Giannini and Bowen (ed), chapter 15, pp 301\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-97457-6_15","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-97457-6_15"},{"key":"12_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gaia G, Boiano S, Bowen JP, Borda A (2020) Museum websites of the first wave: the rise of the virtual museum. In: EVA London 2020: Electronic Visualisation and the Arts. BCS, eWiC, pp 24\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14236\/ewic\/EVA2020.4","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/EVA2020.4"},{"key":"12_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gardiner J, Head A (2013) Light years: Jurassic Coast: an immersive 3D landscape project. In: Bowen JP, Keene S, Ng, K (eds) Electronic visualisation in arts and culture, chapter 6, Springer Series on Cultural Computing, pp 75\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4471-5406-8_6","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-5406-8_6"},{"key":"12_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Geroimenko V (ed) (2022) Augmented reality art: from an emerging technology to a novel creative medium. 3rd edn. Springer Series on Cultural Computing. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-96863-2","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-96863-2"},{"key":"12_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Geroimenko V (ed) (2019a) Augmented reality games I: understanding the Pok\u00e9mon GO Phenomenon. Springer Series on Cultural Computing.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-15616-9","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15616-9"},{"key":"12_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Geroimenko V (ed) (2019b) Augmented reality games II: the gamification of education, medicine and art. Springer Series on Cultural Computing.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-15620-6","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15620-6"},{"key":"12_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Geroimenko V (ed) (2023) Augmented reality and artificial intelligence: from the fusion of advanced technology. Springer Series on Cultural Computing.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-27166-3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-27166-3"},{"key":"12_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giannini T, Bowen JP (eds) (2019) Museums and Digital Culture: New Perspectives and Research. Springer Series on Cultural Computing.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-97457-6","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-97457-6"},{"key":"12_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giannini T, Bowen JP (2019a) Rethinking museum exhibitions: merging physical and digital culture\u2014present to future. In: Giannini and Bowen, chapter 9, pp 195\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-97457-6_9","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-97457-6_9"},{"key":"12_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giannini T, Bowen JP (2022a) Digital experience in art and identity: the Metaverse calls. In: EVA 2022 Florence. Leonardo Libri, pp 24\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31235\/osf.io\/6y4vd","DOI":"10.31235\/osf.io\/6y4vd"},{"key":"12_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giannini T, Bowen JP (2023b) Museums and the Metaverse: new signs of computational art and life. In EVA 2023 Florence. Leonardo Libri, pp 24\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31235\/osf.io\/438t2","DOI":"10.31235\/osf.io\/438t2"},{"key":"12_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giannini T, Bowen JP (2023c) Generative Art and Computational Imagination: Integrating poetry and art. In: EVA London 2023: Electronic Visualisation and the Arts. BCS, eWiC, pp 211\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14236\/ewic\/eva2023.37","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/eva2023.37"},{"issue":"2","key":"12_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.3390\/heritage6020107","volume":"6","author":"T Giannini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Giannini T, Bowen JP (2023a) Global cultural conflict and digital identity: transforming museums. Heritage 6(2):1986\u20132005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/heritage6020107","journal-title":"Heritage"},{"key":"12_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giannini T, Bowen JP, Michaels C, Smith CH (2022) Digital art and identity merging human and artificial intelligence: enter the Metaverse. In: EVA London 2022: Electronic Visualisation and the Arts. BCS, eWiC, pp 1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14236\/ewic\/eva2020.1","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/eva2020.1"},{"key":"12_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/11836.001.0001","volume-title":"Virtual reality","author":"S Greengard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Greengard S (2019) Virtual reality. The MIT Press"},{"key":"12_CR35","unstructured":"Ibrahim D (2022) A closer look at the Google Metaverse [2022 Review]. The Metaverse insider, December 2, 2022. https:\/\/metaverseinsider.tech\/2022\/12\/02\/google-metaverse\/. Accessed 27 Oct 2023"},{"key":"12_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ioannides M, Magnenat-Thamann N, Papagiannakis (eds) (2017) Mixed reality and gamification for cultural heritage. Springer Series on Cultural Computing.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-49607-8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-49607-8"},{"key":"12_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jung T, tom Dieck MC, Loureiro SMC (eds) (2023) In: Extended reality and metaverse: immersive technology in times of crisis. Springer.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-25390-4","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-25390-4"},{"key":"12_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kaddoura S, Al Husseiny F (2023) The rising trend of metaverse in education: challenges, opportunities, and ethical considerations. PeerJ Comput Sci 9:e1252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj-cs.1252","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj-cs.1252"},{"key":"12_CR39","unstructured":"Kelly J (2022) The metaverse set off a battle between tech giants Google, Apple, Microsoft and meta to build virtual and augmented reality headsets. Forbes, January 21, 2022. https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/jackkelly\/2022\/01\/21\/the-metaverse-set-off-a-battle-between-tech-giants-google-apple-microsoft-and-meta-to-build-virtual-and-augmented-reality-headsets\/. Accessed 27 Oct 2023"},{"issue":"5","key":"12_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4148","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3232845","volume":"10","author":"K Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li K, Cui Y, Li W, Lv T, Yuan X, Li S, Ni W, Simsek M, Dressler F (2022) When internet of things meets metaverse: convergence of physical and cyber worlds. IEEE Internet Things J 10(5):4148\u20134173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3232845","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"key":"12_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lichty P (2019) The gamification of augmented reality art. In Geroimenko (2019b), chapter 10, pp 225\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-15620-6_10","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15620-6_10"},{"key":"12_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liggett S (2023) Creativity and virtual Worlds. In: Liggett S, Earnshaw R, Townsley J (eds) Creativity in art, design and technology, chapter 4. Springer, SpringerBriefs on Cultural Computing, pp 29\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-24869-6_4","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-24869-6_4"},{"key":"12_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu Z, Bowen JP, Liu B, Tyszberowicz S, Zhang T (2020) Software abstractions and human-cyber-physical systems architecture modelling. In: Engineering Trustworthy Software Systems. Springer, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 12154. pp 159\u2013219.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-55089-9_5","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-55089-9_5"},{"key":"12_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Machado P, Romero J, Greenfield G (eds) (2021) Artificial intelligence and the arts: computational creativity, artistic behavior, and tools for creatives. Springer Series on Cultural Computing.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-59475-6","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-59475-6"},{"issue":"16","key":"12_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14671","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3278329","volume":"10","author":"H Ning","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ning H, Wang H, Lin Y, Wang W, Dhelim S, Farha F, Ding J, Daneshmand M (2023) A survey on the metaverse: the state-of-the-art, technologies, applications, and challenges. IEEE Internet Things J 10(16):14671\u201314688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JIOT.2023.3278329","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J"},{"key":"12_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Norouzi N, Bruder G, Belna B, Mutter S, Turgut D, Welch G (2019) A systematic review of the convergence of augmented reality, intelligent virtual agents, and the internet of things. In: Artificial intelligence in IoT, pp 1\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-04110-6_1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-04110-6_1"},{"key":"12_CR47","unstructured":"El Fatouh TA, Younis A (eds) (2022) On the book of sceneries. Expo 2020 Dubai Public Art Programme. Hatje Cantz"},{"key":"12_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Peddie J (2017) Augmented reality: where will we all live. Springer.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-54502-8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-54502-8"},{"key":"12_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rokhsaritalemi S, Sadeghi-Niaraki A, Choi SM (2020) A review on mixed reality: current trends, challenges and prospects. Appl Sci 10(2):636.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app10020636","DOI":"10.3390\/app10020636"},{"key":"12_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Du Sautoy M (2019) The creativity code: how AI is learning to write, paint and think. 4th Estate, HarperCollinsPublishers, London","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv2sp3dpd"},{"key":"12_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shears J (ed) (2017) The Great Exhibition, 1851: a sourcebook. Manchester University Press","DOI":"10.7228\/manchester\/9780719099120.001.0001"},{"issue":"3348","key":"12_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-4079(21)01450-0","volume":"251","author":"M Sparkes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sparkes M (2021) What is a Metaverse. New Scientist 251(3348):18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0262-4079(21)01450-0","journal-title":"New Scientist"},{"key":"12_CR53","volume-title":"Snow crash","author":"N Stephenson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Stephenson N (1992) Snow crash. Bantam Books"},{"key":"12_CR54","unstructured":"UNESCO (1954) Convention for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict with regulations for the execution of the convention. UNESCO, The Hague. https:\/\/en.unesco.org\/sites\/default\/files\/1954_Convention_EN_2020.pdf. Accessed 30 Dec 2022"}],"container-title":["Springer Series on Cultural Computing","The Arts and Computational Culture: Real and Virtual Worlds"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-53865-0_12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T11:07:53Z","timestamp":1719486473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-53865-0_12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"ISBN":["9783031538643","9783031538650"],"references-count":54,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-53865-0_12","relation":{},"ISSN":["2195-9056","2195-9064"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2195-9056"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2195-9064"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 June 2024","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}