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Political actors communicate through different channels: parties publish manifestos for major elections, while individual actors make statements on a day-to-day basis as reflected in the media. These two channels offer different approaches for analysis: Manifestos, on the one hand, are useful to characterize the parties\u2019 positions at a global ideological level over time. In contrast, individual statements can be collected to analyze debates in particular policy domains on a fine-grained level, in terms of individual actors and claims. In this article, we summarize a series of studies we have carried out. We apply NLP-driven (semi-)automatic analyses on these two channels and compare their potentials and challenges. The fine-grained analysis yields rich insights into the communication but comes at the cost of three challenges: (a) a substantial hunger for manual annotation, introducing practical hurdles for analysis both within and across languages; (b) difficulties in claim classification arising from the uneven frequency distribution over the theory-based annotation schemas; (c) the need to map actor mentions onto canonical versions. Manifesto-based analysis avoids these challenges to a substantial extent when a more coarse-grained analysis of party positions is sufficient. We highlight the benefits and challenges of both approaches, and conclude by outlining perspectives for addressing the challenges in future research.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-63536-6_5","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T05:01:50Z","timestamp":1721106110000},"page":"71-88","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Automatic Analysis of\u00a0Political Debates and\u00a0Manifestos: Successes and\u00a0Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4845-2789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanise","family":"Ceron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Bari\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7573-578X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Blessing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4342-4837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Haunss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Lapesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7529-6825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Pad\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Papay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5938-1683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia F.","family":"Zauchner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"5_CR1","unstructured":"Bari\u0107, A., Pad\u00f3, S., Papay, S.: Actor identification in discourse: a challenge for LLMs? 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