{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T21:49:10Z","timestamp":1780436950053,"version":"3.54.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783031737404","type":"print"},{"value":"9783031737411","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730332800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>As part of the project Death and Burial Data: Ireland 1864\u20131922 (DBDIrl), a web application was created in DIME, a low-code web application development environment. DIME is based on the popular IDE Eclipse and utilizes three distinct graphical model types (data model, process model and GUI model) as Domain Specific Language (DSL). Web applications are defined by means of these models in the DIME integrated modelling environment in a simple way, and these models are used to generate the web application code that is then deployed and made available to the users. This paper provides an overview of how we use a web application created in DIME, a low-code application development tool to establish interoperability between Irish historical civil registration of death data and Irish cross-sectional decennial census data from 1901 and 1911. The former data collections are complex and require manual interventions like transcription and considerable cleaning to render them machine readable, the latter are fully transcribed. Here we present a case study concerning the analysis of deaths in old age in Dublin City and how they correlate with census returns. We then turn our attention to a use case of marital status and the algorithmic problems caused by irregular replies in census data. Our objective was to test how DIME could replicate the decisions taken by domain experts using old age and marital status as the primary linkage criteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-73741-1_5","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T14:54:58Z","timestamp":1730300098000},"page":"65-83","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Interoperating Civil Registration of Death and Census Data: Old Age and Marriage as Categories of Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4065-0660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ciara","family":"Breathnach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2131-7886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5008-9168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Schieweck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5547-9739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiziana","family":"Margaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"5_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/978-1-137-58541-7","volume-title":"Old Age in Nineteenth-Century Ireland","author":"C Gilleard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gilleard, C.: Old Age in Nineteenth-Century Ireland. Palgrave Pivot, London (2017)"},{"key":"5_CR2","unstructured":"Johnson, P.: Historical readings of old age and ageing. In: Johnson, P., Thane, P. (eds.) Old Age from Antiquity to Post-Modernity: From Antiquity to Postmodernity, pp. 2\u20133. Routledge, London (1988)"},{"key":"5_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thane, P.: Social histories of old age and aging. J. Soc. Hist. 37(1), 93\u2013111 (2003)","DOI":"10.1353\/jsh.2003.0163"},{"key":"5_CR4","unstructured":"Old Age Pensions Act 1908, 8 Edw. 7. c. 40"},{"key":"5_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gr\u00e1da, C.\u00d3.: \u2018The greatest blessing of all\u2019: the old age pension in Ireland. Past & Present 175, 124\u2013161 (2002)","DOI":"10.1093\/past\/175.1.124"},{"key":"5_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Breathnach, C., Murphy, R.: Fine lines: locating commercial sex work in official data, Dublin 1901 and 1911. Urban History 51, 435\u2013456 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S096392682300010X","DOI":"10.1017\/S096392682300010X"},{"key":"5_CR7","unstructured":"Annual Report of the Registrar-General, p. 137 (1909)"},{"key":"5_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Helgertz, J., Price, J., Wellington, J., Thompson, K.J., Ruggles, S., Fitch, C.A.: A new strategy for linking U.S. historical censuses: a case study for the IPUMS multigenerational longitudinal panel. Hist. Methods 55(1), 12\u201329 (2022)","DOI":"10.1080\/01615440.2021.1985027"},{"key":"5_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54195\/BJYF5752","volume-title":"Sowing: The Construction of Historical Longitudinal Population Databases","author":"K Mandemakers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mandemakers, K., Alter, G., V\u00e9zina, H., Puschmann, P.: Sowing: The Construction of Historical Longitudinal Population Databases. Radboud University Press, Nijmegen (2023)"},{"key":"5_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Christen, P.: The data matching process. In: Data Matching. Data-Centric Systems and Applications. Springer Berlin, Heidelberg (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-31164-2_2","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-31164-2_2"},{"key":"5_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Breathnach, C., Ibrahim, N.M., Clancy, S., Margaria, T.: Towards model checking product lines in the digital humanities: an application to historical data. In: ter Beek, M.H., Fantechi, A.. Semini, L. (eds.) From Software Engineering to Formal Methods and Tools, and Back, pp. 338\u2013364. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-30985-5_20","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-30985-5_20"},{"key":"5_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schieweck, A., Murphy, R., Khan, R., Breathnach, C., Margaria, T.: Evolution of the historian data entry application: supporting transcribathons in the digital humanities through MDD. In: 2022 IEEE 46th Annual Computers, Software, and Applications Conference (COMPSAC), Los Alamitos, CA, USA, pp. 177\u2013186 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/COMPSAC54236.2022.00033","DOI":"10.1109\/COMPSAC54236.2022.00033"},{"key":"5_CR13","unstructured":"Pedersen et al (in this volume)"},{"key":"5_CR14","unstructured":"History of Irish Census Records. https:\/\/www.census.nationalarchives.ie\/help\/history.html"},{"key":"5_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Doherty, A.J., Murphy, R.A., Schieweck, A., Clancy, S., Breathnach, C., Margaria, T.: CensusIRL: historical census data preparation with MDD support. In: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data), Osaka, Japan, pp. 2507\u20132514 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/BigData55660.2022.10021106","DOI":"10.1109\/BigData55660.2022.10021106"},{"key":"5_CR16","unstructured":"Roots Ireland First Names. https:\/\/www.rootsireland.ie\/help\/first-names"},{"key":"5_CR17","unstructured":"Mary O\u2019Connor. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Mary-O-Connor-1911"},{"key":"5_CR18","unstructured":"Alfred Manning. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Alfred-Manning-1911"},{"key":"5_CR19","unstructured":"Louisa Malcomson. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Louisa-Malcomson-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Louisa-Malcomson-1901"},{"key":"5_CR20","unstructured":"William Claffey. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/William-Claffey-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/William-Claffey-1901"},{"key":"5_CR21","unstructured":"Henry Giblin. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Henry-Giblin-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Henry-Giblin-1901"},{"key":"5_CR22","unstructured":"Charlotte Holmes. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Charlotte-Holmes-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Charlotte-Rachel-Holmes-1901"},{"key":"5_CR23","unstructured":"Hans Murphy. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Hans-Murphy-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Hans-Murphy-1901"},{"key":"5_CR24","unstructured":"James Riordan. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/James-Riordan-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/James-Riordan-1901"},{"key":"5_CR25","unstructured":"Isaac P Kearney. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Isaac-P-Kearney-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Isaac-P-Kearney-1901"},{"key":"5_CR26","unstructured":"Jane Elizabeth Redington Roche. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Jane-Redington-Roche-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Jane-Redington-Roche-1901"},{"key":"5_CR27","unstructured":"David John Fitzgerald. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/David-John-Fitzgerald-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/David-John-Fitzgerald-1901"},{"key":"5_CR28","unstructured":"Leibe Schein. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Leibe-Schein-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Leibe-Schein-1901"},{"key":"5_CR29","unstructured":"Mary Townsend Saunders. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Mary-Townsend-Saunders-1911"},{"key":"5_CR30","unstructured":"William Brown. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/William-Brown-1911"},{"key":"5_CR31","unstructured":"John O\u2019Brien. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/John-O-Brien-1911"},{"key":"5_CR32","unstructured":"Margaret Byrne. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Margaret-Byrne-1911"},{"key":"5_CR33","unstructured":"Michael Byrne. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Michael-Byrne-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Michael-Byrne-1901"},{"key":"5_CR34","unstructured":"Mary Breen. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Mary-Breen-1911 and http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Mary-Breen-1901"},{"key":"5_CR35","unstructured":"Edward Flynn. http:\/\/tinyurl.com\/Edward-Flynn-1911"},{"key":"5_CR36","unstructured":"Breathnach, C.: Parish pump politics and the introduction of Old Age Pensions in Ireland. 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