{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T03:55:30Z","timestamp":1778903730406,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783031789519","type":"print"},{"value":"9783031789526","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-78952-6_3","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T14:31:53Z","timestamp":1737988313000},"page":"25-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["LLMs4OM: Matching Ontologies with\u00a0Large Language Models"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3758-1454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamed","family":"Babaei Giglou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6616-9509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3060-7052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0698-2864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f6ren","family":"Auer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"3_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Algergawy, A., Babalou, S., Klan, F., K\u00f6nig-Ries, B.: Ontology modularization with OAPT. J. Data Semant. 9(2), 53\u201383 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13740-020-00114-7, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13740-020-00114-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s13740-020-00114-7"},{"key":"3_CR2","unstructured":"Almazrouei, E., et al.: The falcon series of open language models (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alsentzer, E., et al.: Publicly available clinical BERT embeddings. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Clinical Natural Language Processing Workshop, pp. 72\u201378. Association for Computational Linguistics, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/W19-1909, https:\/\/www.aclweb.org\/anthology\/W19-1909","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W19-1909"},{"key":"3_CR4","unstructured":"Amir, M., et al.: Truveta Mapper: a zero-shot ontology alignment framework (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cer, D., et al.: Universal sentence encoder (2018)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-2029"},{"key":"3_CR6","unstructured":"Chung, H.W., et al.: Scaling instruction-finetuned language models (2022)"},{"key":"3_CR7","unstructured":"Devlin, J., Chang, M.W., Lee, K., Toutanova, K.: BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding (2019)"},{"key":"3_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dragisic, Z., Ivanova, V., Li, H., Lambrix, P.: Experiences from the anatomy track in the ontology alignment evaluation initiative. J. Biomed. Semant. 8(1), 56 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13326-017-0166-5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13326-017-0166-5"},{"key":"3_CR9","unstructured":"Efeoglu, S.: GraphMatcher: a graph representation learning approach for ontology matching. In: OM@ISWC. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol.\u00a03324, pp. 174\u2013180. CEUR-WS.org (2022)"},{"key":"3_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Euzenat, J., Shvaiko, P.: Ontology Matching. Springer Publishing Company, Incorporated, 2nd edn. (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-38721-0","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-38721-0"},{"key":"3_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Euzenat, J., Meilicke, C., Stuckenschmidt, H., Shvaiko, P., Trojahn, C.: Ontology alignment evaluation initiative: six years of experience. J. Data Semant. 15, 158\u2013192 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-22630-4_6","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-22630-4_6"},{"key":"3_CR12","unstructured":"Fallatah, O., Zhang, Z., Hopfgartner, F.: A gold standard dataset for large knowledge graphs matching (2020). https:\/\/eprints.whiterose.ac.uk\/173366\/, 2020 for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0)"},{"key":"3_CR13","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-41030-7_38","volume-title":"On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2013 Conferences","author":"D Faria","year":"2013","unstructured":"Faria, D., Pesquita, C., Santos, E., Palmonari, M., Cruz, I.F., Couto, F.M.: The AgreementMakerLight ontology matching system. In: Meersman, R., et al. (eds.) OTM 2013. LNCS, vol. 8185, pp. 527\u2013541. Springer, Heidelberg (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-41030-7_38"},{"key":"3_CR14","unstructured":"Faria, D., Silva, M.C., Cotovio, P., Ferraz, L., Balbi, L., Pesquita, C.: Results for Matcha and Matcha-DL in OAEI 2023. In: OM@ISWC. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol.\u00a03591, pp. 164\u2013169. CEUR-WS.org (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-47240-4_30","volume-title":"The Semantic Web - ISWC 2023","author":"F Gosselin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gosselin, F., Zouaq, A.: SORBET: a Siamese network for ontology embeddings using a distance-based regression loss and BERT. In: Payne, T.R., et al. (eds.) The Semantic Web - ISWC 2023, pp. 561\u2013578. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR16","unstructured":"Gu, A., Dao, T.: Mamba: Linear-time sequence modeling with selective state spaces. arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.00752 (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Harrow, I., et al.: Matching disease and phenotype ontologies in the ontology alignment evaluation initiative. J. Biomed. Semant. 8(1), 55 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13326-017-0162-9, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13326-017-0162-9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13326-017-0162-9"},{"key":"3_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, Y., Chen, J., Antonyrajah, D., Horrocks, I.: BERTMap: A BERT-based ontology alignment system (2022)","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i5.20510"},{"key":"3_CR19","unstructured":"He, Y., Chen, J., Dong, H., Horrocks, I.: Exploring large language models for ontology alignment (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-19433-7_33","volume-title":"The Semantic Web - ISWC 2022","author":"Y He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He, Y., Chen, J., Dong, H., Jim\u00e9nez-Ruiz, E., Hadian, A., Horrocks, I.: Machine learning-friendly biomedical datasets for equivalence and subsumption ontology matching. In: Sattler, U., et al. (eds.) The Semantic Web - ISWC 2022, pp. 575\u2013591. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-19433-7_33"},{"key":"3_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hertling, S., Paulheim, H.: OLaLa: ontology matching with large language models. In: Proceedings of the 12th Knowledge Capture Conference 2023, pp. 131\u2013139. K-CAP \u201923, Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3587259.3627571","DOI":"10.1145\/3587259.3627571"},{"key":"3_CR22","unstructured":"Jiang, A.Q., et al.: Mistral 7B (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR23","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25073-6_18","volume-title":"The Semantic Web \u2013 ISWC 2011","author":"E Jim\u00e9nez-Ruiz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jim\u00e9nez-Ruiz, E., Cuenca Grau, B.: LogMap: logic-based and scalable ontology matching. In: Aroyo, L., et al. (eds.) ISWC 2011. LNCS, vol. 7031, pp. 273\u2013288. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-25073-6_18"},{"key":"3_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Karam, N., Khiat, A., Algergawy, A., Sattler, M., Weiland, C., Schmidt, M.: Matching biodiversity and ecology ontologies: challenges and evaluation results. Knowl. Eng. Rev. 35, e9 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0269888920000132, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0269888920000132","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269888920000132"},{"key":"3_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Labrak, Y., Bazoge, A., Morin, E., Gourraud, P.A., Rouvier, M., Dufour, R.: BioMistral: a collection of open-source pretrained large language models for medical domains (2024)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.findings-acl.348"},{"key":"3_CR26","unstructured":"Lewis, P., et al.: Retrieval-augmented generation for knowledge-intensive NLP tasks (2021)"},{"key":"3_CR27","unstructured":"Liu, P., Yuan, W., Fu, J., Jiang, Z., Hayashi, H., Neubig, G.: Pre-train, prompt, and predict: a systematic survey of prompting methods in natural language processing (2021)"},{"key":"3_CR28","unstructured":"Liu, Y., et al.: RoBERTa: a robustly optimized BERT pretraining approach (2019)"},{"key":"3_CR29","unstructured":"Nas, E., Huschka, M.: MSE Benchmark. https:\/\/github.com\/EngyNasr\/MSE-Benchmark (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR30","unstructured":"Norouzi, S.S., Mahdavinejad, M.S., Hitzler, P.: Conversational ontology alignment with ChatGPT. In: OM@ISWC. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol.\u00a03591, pp. 61\u201366. CEUR-WS.org (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR31","unstructured":"Noy, N., Mcguinness, D.: Ontology development 101: a guide to creating your first ontology. Knowl. Syst. Lab. 32 (2001)"},{"key":"3_CR32","unstructured":"OpenAI: ChatGPT. https:\/\/openai.com\/chat-gpt\/ (2023). Accessed 5 May 2023"},{"key":"3_CR33","unstructured":"OpenAI: new and improved embedding model (2023). https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/new-and-improved-embedding-model. Retrieved 15 Dec 2022"},{"key":"3_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2021.01.007","volume":"71","author":"I Osman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Osman, I., Ben Yahia, S., Diallo, G.: Ontology integration: approaches and challenging issues. Inf. Fus. 71, 38\u201363 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.inffus.2021.01.007","journal-title":"Inf. Fus."},{"key":"3_CR35","unstructured":"Peng, Y., Alam, M., Bonald, T.: Ontology matching using textual class descriptions. In: OM@ISWC. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol.\u00a03591, pp. 67\u201372. CEUR-WS.org (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pennington, J., Socher, R., Manning, C.: GloVe: global vectors for word representation. In: Moschitti, A., Pang, B., Daelemans, W. (eds.) Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pp. 1532\u20131543. Association for Computational Linguistics, Doha, Qatar (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162, https:\/\/aclanthology.org\/D14-1162","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1162"},{"key":"3_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reimers, N., Gurevych, I.: Sentence-BERT: Sentence embeddings using Siamese BERT-networks (2019)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1410"},{"key":"3_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sammut, C., Webb, G.I. (eds.): TF\u2013IDF, pp. 986\u2013987. Springer US, Boston, MA (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-30164-8_832","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-30164-8_832"},{"key":"3_CR39","unstructured":"Sharma, A., Jain, S.: LSMatch and LSMatch-multilingual results for OAEI 2023. In: OM@ISWC. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol.\u00a03591, pp. 159\u2013163. CEUR-WS.org (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR40","unstructured":"Shvaiko, P., Euzenat, J., Jim\u00e9nez-Ruiz, E., Hassanzadeh, O., Trojahn, C. (eds.): Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Ontology Matching co-located with the 22nd International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2023), Athens, Greece, November 7, 2023, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol.\u00a03591. CEUR-WS.org (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR41","unstructured":"da\u00a0Silva, J., Revoredo, K., Bai\u00e3o, F., Lima, C.: ALIN results for OAEI 2023. In: OM@ISWC. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol.\u00a03591, pp. 140\u2013145. CEUR-WS.org (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, A., D\u2019Arcy, M., Cohan, A., Downey, D., Feldman, S.: SciRepEval: a multi-format benchmark for scientific document representations. ArXiv abs\/2211.13308 (2022)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.emnlp-main.338"},{"key":"3_CR43","unstructured":"Sousa, G., Lima, R., Trojahn, C.: Combining word and sentence embeddings with alignment extension for property matching. In: OM@ISWC. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol.\u00a03591, pp. 91\u201396. CEUR-WS.org (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stephan, G., Pascal, H., Andreas, A.: Knowledge Representation and Ontologies, pp. 51\u2013105. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2007). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-70894-4_3","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-70894-4_3"},{"key":"3_CR45","unstructured":"Team, M.N.: Introducing MPT-7B: a new standard for open-source, commercially usable LLMs (2023). www.mosaicml.com\/blog\/mpt-7b. Accessed 05 May 2023"},{"key":"3_CR46","unstructured":"Touvron, H., at\u00a0el.: Llama 2: open foundation and fine-tuned chat models (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR47","unstructured":"Wang, Z.: AMD results for OAEI 2023. In: OM@ISWC. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol.\u00a03591, pp. 146\u2013153. CEUR-WS.org (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR48","unstructured":"Wang, Z.: Contextualized structural self-supervised learning for ontology matching (2023)"},{"key":"3_CR49","unstructured":"Wolf, T., et\u00a0al.: HuggingFace\u2019s transformers: state-of-the-art natural language processing (2020)"},{"key":"3_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xue, L., et al.: ByT5: towards a token-free future with pre-trained byte-to-byte models (2022)","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00461"},{"key":"3_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Zhao, C., Wang, X.: A survey on knowledge representation in materials science and engineering: an ontological perspective. Computers in Industry 73, 8\u201322 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compind.2015.07.005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compind.2015.07.005"},{"key":"3_CR52","unstructured":"Zheng, L., et al.: Judging LLM-as-a-judge with MT-bench and chatbot arena (2023)"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","The Semantic Web: ESWC 2024 Satellite Events"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-78952-6_3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T14:32:03Z","timestamp":1737988323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-78952-6_3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"ISBN":["9783031789519","9783031789526"],"references-count":52,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-78952-6_3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 January 2025","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ESWC","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"European Semantic Web Conference","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Hersonissos","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Greece","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2024","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"26 May 2024","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"30 May 2024","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"21","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"esws2024","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/2024.eswc-conferences.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}