{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:48:07Z","timestamp":1784548087560,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783031887161","type":"print"},{"value":"9783031887178","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-88717-8_28","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T12:08:10Z","timestamp":1743768490000},"page":"385-399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["FlashCheck: Exploration of\u00a0Efficient Evidence Retrieval for\u00a0Fast Fact-Checking"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Kevin","family":"Nanhekhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Venktesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Vatndal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinay","family":"Setty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avishek","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"28_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Aly, R., Vlachos, A.: Natural logic-guided autoregressive multi-hop document retrieval for fact verification. In: Goldberg, Y., Kozareva, Z., Zhang, Y., (eds.) Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 6123\u20136135, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, December 2022. Association for Computational Linguistics (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2022.emnlp-main.411","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2022.emnlp-main.411"},{"key":"28_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baranchuk, D., Babenko, A., Malkov, Y.: Revisiting the inverted indices for billion-scale approximate nearest neighbors (2018)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01258-8_13"},{"key":"28_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bondarenko, Y., Nagel, M., Blankevoort, T.: Understanding and overcoming the challenges of efficient transformer quantization (2021)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.emnlp-main.627"},{"key":"28_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bruch, S., Nardini, F.M., Rulli, C., Venturini, R.: Efficient inverted indexes for approximate retrieval over learned sparse representations. In: Proceedings of the 47th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2024, pp. 152\u2013162. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2024). ISBN 9798400704314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3626772.3657769","DOI":"10.1145\/3626772.3657769"},{"issue":"4","key":"28_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2013.240","volume":"36","author":"T Ge","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ge, T., He, K., Ke, Q., Sun, J.: Optimized product quantization. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 36(4), 744\u2013755 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TPAMI.2013.240","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"4","key":"28_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3486250","volume":"40","author":"J Guo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guo, J., Cai, Y., Fan, Y., Sun, F., Zhang, R., Cheng, X.: Semantic models for the first-stage retrieval: a comprehensive review. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. 40(4), 1\u201342 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3486250","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"28_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo, Z., Schlichtkrull, M., Vlachos, A.: A survey on automated fact-checking. Trans. Assoc. Comput. Linguist. 10, 178\u2013206 (2022). https:\/\/aclanthology.org\/2022.tacl-1.11","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00454"},{"key":"28_CR8","unstructured":"Han, Y., Liu, C., Wang, P.: A comprehensive survey on vector database: storage and retrieval technique, challenge (2023)"},{"key":"28_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassan, N., Li, C., Tremayne, M.: Detecting check-worthy factual claims in presidential debates. In: CIKM 2015. Association for Computing Machinery (2015)","DOI":"10.1145\/2806416.2806652"},{"key":"28_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hofst\u00e4tter, S., Lin, S.-C., Yang, J.-H., Lin, J., Hanbury, A.: Efficiently teaching an effective dense retriever with balanced topic aware sampling. In: Proceedings of the 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2021, pp. 113\u2013122. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2021). ISBN 9781450380379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3404835.3462891","DOI":"10.1145\/3404835.3462891"},{"key":"28_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hu, X., Hong, Z., Guo, Z., Wen, L., Yu, P.: Read it twice: towards faithfully interpretable fact verification by revisiting evidence. In: Proceedings of the 46th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR 2023, pp. 2319\u20132323. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2023). ISBN 9781450394086. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3539618.3592049","DOI":"10.1145\/3539618.3592049"},{"key":"28_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, Y., Bordia, S., Zhong, Z., Dognin, C., Singh, M., Bansal, M.: Hover: a dataset for many-hop fact extraction and claim verification (2020)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.findings-emnlp.309"},{"issue":"1","key":"28_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2010.57","volume":"33","author":"H J\u00e9gou","year":"2011","unstructured":"J\u00e9gou, H., Douze, M., Schmid, C.: Product quantization for nearest neighbor search. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 33(1), 117\u2013128 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TPAMI.2010.57","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"28_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamoi, R., Goyal, T., Rodriguez, J., Durrett, G.: WiCE: real-world entailment for claims in Wikipedia. In: Bouamor, H., Pino, J., Bali, K., (eds.) Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 7561\u20137583, Singapore, December 2023. Association for Computational Linguistics (2023). https:\/\/aclanthology.org\/2023.emnlp-main.470","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.emnlp-main.470"},{"key":"28_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karpukhin, V., et al.: Dense passage retrieval for open-domain question answering (2020)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.550"},{"key":"28_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lazarski, E., Al-Khassaweneh, M., Howard, C.: Using NLP for fact checking: a survey. Designs 5(3), 42 (2021). ISSN 2411-9660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/designs5030042","DOI":"10.3390\/designs5030042"},{"key":"28_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leonhardt, J., M\u00fcller, H., Rudra, K., Khosla, M., Anand, A., Anand, A.: Efficient neural ranking using forward indexes and lightweight encoders (2023). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2311.01263","DOI":"10.1145\/3485447.3511955"},{"key":"28_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0022243719881113","volume":"57","author":"Y Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, Y., Xie, Y.: Is a picture worth a thousand words? An empirical study of image content and social media engagement. J. Market. Res. 57, 1\u20139 (2020)","journal-title":"J. Market. Res."},{"key":"28_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luan, Y., Eisenstein, J., Toutanova, K., Collins, M.: Sparse, dense, and attentional representations for text retrieval. Trans. Assoc. Comput. Linguist. 9, 329\u2013345 (2021). https:\/\/aclanthology.org\/2021.tacl-1.20","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00369"},{"key":"28_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakov, P., et al.: Automated fact-checking for assisting human fact-checkers (2021). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2103.07769","DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2021\/619"},{"key":"28_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-012-0292-0","volume":"19","author":"E Newman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Newman, E., Garry, M., Bernstein, D., Kantner, J., Lindsay, D.: Nonprobative photographs (or words) inflate truthiness. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 19, 969\u2013974 (2012)","journal-title":"Psychon. Bull. Rev."},{"key":"28_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pan, L., et al.: Fact-checking complex claims with program-guided reasoning. In Rogers, A., Boyd-Graber, J., Okazaki, N., (eds.) Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pp. 6981\u20137004. Association for Computational Linguistics, Toronto, Canada, July 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2023.acl-long.386","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.acl-long.386"},{"key":"28_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petroni, F., et al.: Improving Wikipedia verifiability with AI (2022)","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-2116541\/v1"},{"key":"28_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Samarinas, C., Hsu, W., Lee, M.L.: Improving evidence retrieval for automated explainable fact-checking. In: Sil, A., Lin, X.V., (eds.), Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies: Demonstrations, pp. 84\u201391, June 2021. Association for Computational Linguistics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2021.naacl-demos.10","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.naacl-demos.10"},{"key":"28_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schlichtkrull, M.S., Karpukhin, V., Oguz, B., Lewis, M., Yih, W., Riedel, S.: Joint verification and reranking for open fact checking over tables. In: Zong, C., Xia, F., Li, W., Navigli, R., (eds.) Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers), pp. 6787\u20136799. Association for Computational Linguistics, August 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2021.acl-long.529","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.acl-long.529"},{"key":"28_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schuster, T., Fisch, A., Barzilay, R.: Get your vitamin c! Robust fact verification with contrastive evidence (2021). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2103.08541","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.naacl-main.52"},{"key":"28_CR27","unstructured":"Thorne, J., Vlachos, A.: Automated fact checking: Task formulations, methods and future directions (2018)"},{"key":"28_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thorne, J., Vlachos, A., Christodoulopoulos, C., Mittal, A.: Fever: a large-scale dataset for fact extraction and verification (2018)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N18-1074"},{"key":"28_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wei, Z., Xu, X., Wang, C., Liu, Z., Xin, P., Zhang, W.: An index construction and similarity retrieval method based on sentence-BERT. In: 2022 7th International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC), pp. 934\u2013938 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICIVC55077.2022.9886134","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIVC55077.2022.9886134"},{"key":"28_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yin, W., Roth, D.: TwoWingOS: a two-wing optimization strategy for evidential claim verification. In: Riloff, E., Chiang, D., Hockenmaier, J., Tsujii, J., (eds.), Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 105\u2013114, Brussels, Belgium, October-November 2018. Association for Computational Linguistics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/D18-1010","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1010"},{"key":"28_CR31","unstructured":"Zhan, J., Mao, J., Liu, Y., Zhang, M., Ma, S.: RepBERT: Contextualized text embeddings for first-stage retrieval (2020). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2006.15498"},{"key":"28_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhan, J., Mao, J., Liu, Y., Guo, J., Zhang, M., Ma, S.: Jointly optimizing query encoder and product quantization to improve retrieval performance (2021)","DOI":"10.1145\/3459637.3482358"},{"key":"28_CR33","unstructured":"Zhao, W.X., Liu, J., Ren, R., Wen, J.-R.: Dense text retrieval based on pretrained language models: a survey (2022)"},{"key":"28_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, X., Tian, Y., Huang, K., Zheng, B., Zhou, X.: Towards efficient index construction and approximate nearest neighbor search in high-dimensional spaces. Proc. VLDB Endow. 16(8), 1979\u20131991 (2023).https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14778\/3594512.3594527","DOI":"10.14778\/3594512.3594527"},{"key":"28_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zheng, L., Li, C., Zhang, X., Shang, Y.-M., Huang, F., Jia, H.: Evidence retrieval is almost all you need for fact verification. In: Ku, L.-W., Martins, A., Srikumar, V., (eds.) Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024, pp. 9274\u20139281, Bangkok, Thailand, August 2024. Association for Computational Linguistics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18653\/v1\/2024.findings-acl.551","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.findings-acl.551"},{"key":"28_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, X., Li, Y., Liu, J., Ma, C., Wang, W.: A survey on model compression for large language models (2023)","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00704"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Advances in Information Retrieval"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-031-88717-8_28","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T09:22:58Z","timestamp":1746696178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-031-88717-8_28"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"ISBN":["9783031887161","9783031887178"],"references-count":36,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-88717-8_28","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 April 2025","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"ECIR","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"European Conference on Information Retrieval","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Lucca","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Italy","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"7 April 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"11 April 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"47","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"ecir2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/ecir2025.eu\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}