{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T12:16:43Z","timestamp":1773317803260,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783032000552","type":"print"},{"value":"9783032000569","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The automatic construction of Educational Knowledge Graphs (EduKGs) is crucial for modeling domain knowledge in digital learning environments, particularly in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). However, identifying the most effective approach\u00a0for constructing accurate EduKGs remains a challenge. This\u00a0study compares Top-down and Bottom-up approaches for automatic\u00a0EduKG construction, evaluating their effectiveness in capturing\u00a0and structuring knowledge concepts from learning materials in our\u00a0MOOC platform CourseMapper. Through a user study and expert validation using Simple Random Sampling (SRS), results indicate that\u00a0the Bottom-up approach outperforms the Top-down approach in accurately identifying and mapping key knowledge concepts. To further enhance EduKG accuracy, we integrate a Human-in-the-Loop approach, allowing course moderators to review and refine the EduKG before publication. This structured comparison provides a scalable framework\u00a0for improving knowledge representation in MOOCs, ultimately supporting more personalized and adaptive learning experiences.\n\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-00056-9_11","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T22:28:54Z","timestamp":1759271334000},"page":"119-129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Top-Down vs. Bottom-Up Approaches for\u00a0Automatic Educational Knowledge Graph Construction in\u00a0CourseMapper"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2691-0267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qurat Ul","family":"Ain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1311-7852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Amine","family":"Chatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4278-9681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amr","family":"Shakhshir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3006-1111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean","family":"Qussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2192-028X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rawaa","family":"Alatrash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4591-9742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shoeb","family":"Joarder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"11_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu-Salih, B., Alotaibi, S.: A systematic literature review of knowledge graph construction and application in education. 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