{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:22:11Z","timestamp":1787768531376,"version":"build-2784847793"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783032051264","type":"print"},{"value":"9783032051271","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-05127-1_28","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T21:16:19Z","timestamp":1758316579000},"page":"287-297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intelligent Virtual Sonographer (IVS): Enhancing Physician-Robot-Patient Communication"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelos","family":"Karlas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Yousefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Branzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongliang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Eck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nassir","family":"Navab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"28_CR1","unstructured":"Final IK. https:\/\/assetstore.unity.com\/packages\/tools\/animation\/final-ik-14290. Accessed 26 Feb 2025"},{"key":"28_CR2","unstructured":"SALSA LipSync Suite. https:\/\/assetstore.unity.com\/packages\/tools\/animation\/salsa-lipsync-suite-148442. Accessed 26 Feb 2025"},{"key":"28_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bi, Y., Jiang, Z., Duelmer, F., Huang, D., Navab, N.: Machine learning in robotic ultrasound imaging: challenges and perspectives. Ann. Rev. Control, Rob. Auton. Syst. 7 (2024)","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-control-091523-100042"},{"issue":"1","key":"28_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2004.09.008","volume":"59","author":"T Bickmore","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bickmore, T., Gruber, A., Picard, R.: Establishing the computer-patient working alliance in automated health behavior change interventions. Patient Educ. Couns. 59(1), 21\u201330 (2005)","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"key":"28_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bickmore, T.W., Pfeifer, L.M., Jack, B.W.: Taking the time to care: empowering low health literacy hospital patients with virtual nurse agents. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1265\u20131274 (2009)","DOI":"10.1145\/1518701.1518891"},{"issue":"4","key":"28_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1145\/332051.332075","volume":"43","author":"J Cassell","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cassell, J.: Embodied conversational interface agents. Commun. ACM 43(4), 70\u201378 (2000)","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"issue":"4","key":"28_CR7","first-page":"67","volume":"22","author":"J Cassell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cassell, J.: Embodied conversational agents: representation and intelligence in user interfaces. AI Mag. 22(4), 67\u201367 (2001)","journal-title":"AI Mag."},{"key":"28_CR8","unstructured":"Dubey, A., et\u00a0al.: The Llama 3 herd of models. arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.21783 (2024)"},{"issue":"18","key":"28_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10199","DOI":"10.3390\/app131810199","volume":"13","author":"U Eck","year":"2023","unstructured":"Eck, U., Wechner, M., Pankratz, F., Yu, K., Lazarovici, M., Navab, N.: Real-time 3D reconstruction pipeline for room-scale, immersive, medical teleconsultation. Appl. Sci. 13(18), 10199 (2023)","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"28_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-023-02948-5","volume":"18","author":"C Eilers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Eilers, C., van Kemenade, R., Busam, B., Navab, N.: On the importance of patient acceptance for medical robotic imaging. Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg. 18(7), 1261\u20131267 (2023)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg."},{"key":"28_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2020.561558","volume":"1","author":"M Gonzalez-Franco","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Franco, M., et al.: The rocketbox library and the utility of freely available rigged avatars. Front. Virtual Reality 1, 561558 (2020)","journal-title":"Front. Virtual Reality"},{"key":"28_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hexgrad: Kokoro-82M (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.57967\/hf\/4329, https:\/\/huggingface.co\/hexgrad\/Kokoro-82M","DOI":"10.57967\/hf\/4329"},{"issue":"3","key":"28_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/027836499501400301","volume":"14","author":"R Horaud","year":"1995","unstructured":"Horaud, R., Dornaika, F.: Hand-eye calibration. Int. J. Rob. Res. 14(3), 195\u2013210 (1995)","journal-title":"Int. J. Rob. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"28_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1080\/17483107.2022.2146768","volume":"19","author":"SM Huq","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huq, S.M., Maskeli\u016bnas, R., Dama\u0161evi\u010dius, R.: Dialogue agents for artificial intelligence-based conversational systems for cognitively disabled: a systematic review. Disabil. Rehabil. Assist. Technol. 19(3), 1059\u20131078 (2024)","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil. Assist. Technol."},{"issue":"7","key":"28_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1177\/02783649231223547","volume":"43","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jiang, Z., Bi, Y., Zhou, M., Hu, Y., Burke, M., Navab, N.: Intelligent robotic sonographer: mutual information-based disentangled reward learning from few demonstrations. Int. J. Rob. Res. 43(7), 981\u20131002 (2024)","journal-title":"Int. J. Rob. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"28_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11200","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2020.3036215","volume":"68","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang, Z., Grimm, M., Zhou, M., Hu, Y., Esteban, J., Navab, N.: Automatic force-based probe positioning for precise robotic ultrasound acquisition. IEEE Trans. Industr. Electron. 68(11), 11200\u201311211 (2020)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Industr. Electron."},{"key":"28_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, Z., Salcudean, S.E., Navab, N.: Robotic ultrasound imaging: state-of-the-art and future perspectives. Med. Image Anal., 102878 (2023)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2023.102878"},{"issue":"6","key":"28_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-024-03120-3","volume":"19","author":"BD Killeen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Killeen, B.D., Chaudhary, S., Osgood, G., Unberath, M.: Take a shot! natural language control of intelligent robotic X-ray systems in surgery. Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg. 19(6), 1165\u20131173 (2024)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Assist. Radiol. Surg."},{"key":"28_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Killeen, B.D., Suresh, A., Gomez, C., Inigo, B., Bailey, C., Unberath, M.: Intelligent control of robotic X-ray devices using a language-promptable digital twin. arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.08020 (2024)","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-025-03351-y"},{"key":"28_CR20","unstructured":"Lugaresi, C., et\u00a0al.: MediaPipe: a framework for building perception pipelines. arXiv preprint arXiv:1906.08172 (2019)"},{"key":"28_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Miranda, J.: Embodied conversational agents for the detection and prevention of suicidal behaviour: current applications and open challenges. J. Med. Syst. 41(9), 135 (2017)","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-017-0784-6"},{"key":"28_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ronneberger, O., Fischer, P., Brox, T.: U-Net: convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation. In: Navab, N., Hornegger, J., Wells, W.M., Frangi, A.F. (eds.) MICCAI 2015. LNCS, vol. 9351, pp. 234\u2013241. Springer, Cham (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28"},{"key":"28_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roth, D., et al.: Real-time mixed reality teleconsultation for intensive care units in pandemic situations. In: 2021 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), pp. 693\u2013694. IEEE (2021)","DOI":"10.1109\/VRW52623.2021.00229"},{"issue":"5","key":"28_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2901","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2025.3549181","volume":"31","author":"T Song","year":"2025","unstructured":"Song, T., Pabst, F., Eck, U., Navab, N.: Enhancing patient acceptance of robotic ultrasound through conversational virtual agent and immersive visualizations. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 31(5), 2901\u20132911 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVCG.2025.3549181","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph."},{"issue":"26","key":"28_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10587","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903616106","volume":"106","author":"T Stivers","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stivers, T., et al.: Universals and cultural variation in turn-taking in conversation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 106(26), 10587\u201310592 (2009)","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"28_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ter\u00a0Stal, S., Kramer, L.L., Tabak, M., op\u00a0den Akker, H., Hermens, H.: Design features of embodied conversational agents in ehealth: a literature review. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 138, 102409 (2020)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2020.102409"},{"issue":"4","key":"28_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1177\/1471301218795238","volume":"19","author":"T Walker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Walker, T., et al.: Developing an intelligent virtual agent to stratify people with cognitive complaints: a comparison of human-patient and intelligent virtual agent-patient interaction. Dementia 19(4), 1173\u20131188 (2020)","journal-title":"Dementia"},{"key":"28_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, H., Wu, J., Cao, G., Chen, Z., Lei, Z., Liu, H.: Transforming surgical interventions with embodied intelligence for ultrasound robotics. In: International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, pp. 703\u2013713. Springer (2024)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-72089-5_66"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention \u2013 MICCAI 2025"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-032-05127-1_28","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:06:11Z","timestamp":1787767571000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-032-05127-1_28"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]]},"ISBN":["9783032051264","9783032051271"],"references-count":28,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-032-05127-1_28","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 September 2025","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Disclosure of Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"MICCAI","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Daejeon","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Korea (Republic of)","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"23 September 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"27 September 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"28","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"miccai2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/conferences.miccai.org\/2025\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}