{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T01:06:32Z","timestamp":1779325592745,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783032063229","type":"print"},{"value":"9783032063236","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-06323-6_4","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T15:21:14Z","timestamp":1758468074000},"page":"49-62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application of Artificial Intelligence and Metaverse Technologies in Biopharmaceutical Vocational Education: Trends and Practical Pathways"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"4_CR1","unstructured":"China Center for Information Industry Development (CCID): China Biopharmaceutical Industry Development Report. China Industry and Information Publishing Group, Beijing (2023). https:\/\/www.ccidgroup.com. Accessed 25 July 2025"},{"issue":"3","key":"4_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7456","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe7456","volume":"83","author":"L Coyne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Coyne, L., Merritt, T.A., Parmentier, B.L., Sharpton, R.A., Takemoto, J.K.: The past, present, and future of virtual reality in pharmacy education. Am. J. Pharm. Educ. 83(3), 7456 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5688\/ajpe7456","journal-title":"Am. J. Pharm. Educ."},{"key":"4_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garden, C.L.P.: Beyond the advanced therapies skills training network: an instrumental case study of life sciences skills development for biomedical science graduates in Scotland. Br. J. Biomed. Sci. 80, Article no. 11654 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/bjbs.2023.11654","DOI":"10.3389\/bjbs.2023.11654"},{"key":"4_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lu, L.: Research on the innovation of the meta-universe vocational talent training model from the perspective of resource dependence theory. EEER 3(1), Article 008 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37420\/j.eeer.2023.008","DOI":"10.37420\/j.eeer.2023.008"},{"issue":"2","key":"4_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3390\/architecture5020036","volume":"5","author":"M Tang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tang, M., Nikolaenko, M., Alrefai, A., Kumar, A.: Metaverse and digital twins in the age of AI and extended reality. Architecture 5(2), 36 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/architecture5020036","journal-title":"Architecture"},{"key":"4_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chamola, V., et al.: Metaverse for education: developments, challenges, and future direction. Comput. Appl. Eng. 33(3) (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cae.70018","DOI":"10.1002\/cae.70018"},{"key":"4_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.124167","volume":"252","author":"S Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, S., Wang, F., Zhu, Z., Wang, J., Tran, T., Du, Z.: Artificial intelligence in education: a systematic literature review. Expert Syst. Appl. 252, 124167 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2024.124167","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"4_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kestin, G., Miller, K., Klales, A., Milbourne, T., Ponti, G.: AI tutoring outperforms in-class active learning: an RCT introducing a novel research-based design in an authentic educational setting. Sci. Rep. 15, Article no. 1 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-97652-6","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97652-6"},{"key":"4_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dche.2024.100147","volume":"11","author":"M Hassan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hassan, M., Montague, G., Iqbal, M.Z., Fahey, J.: Virtual reality-based bioreactor digital twin for operator training. Digit. Chem. Eng. 11, 100147 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dche.2024.100147","journal-title":"Digit. Chem. Eng."},{"issue":"16","key":"4_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22313","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-12696-x","volume":"29","author":"CW Lim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lim, C.W., et al.: Acquisition of aseptic techniques using virtual reality: a randomized trial on performance, emotion, and experience. Educ. Inf. Technol. 29(16), 22313\u201322340 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12696-x","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"issue":"6","key":"4_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18060901","volume":"18","author":"SK Niazi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Niazi, S.K.: Regulatory perspectives for AI\/ML implementation in pharmaceutical GMP environments. Pharmaceuticals 18(6), 901 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph18060901","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"4_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.156208","volume":"838","author":"M Veseli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Veseli, M., Ro\u017eman, M., Vilenica, M., Petrovi\u0107, M., Previ\u0161i\u0107, A.: Bioaccumulation and bioamplification of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in aquatic insects. Sci. Total. Environ. 838, 156208 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.156208","journal-title":"Sci. Total. Environ."},{"issue":"4","key":"4_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1177\/1078155219875504","volume":"26","author":"F Berthod","year":"2020","unstructured":"Berthod, F., Bouchoud, L., Grossrieder, F., Falaschi, L., Senhaji, S., Bonnabry, P.: Learning good manufacturing practices in an escape room: validation of a new pedagogical tool. J. Oncol. Pharm. Pract. 26(4), 853\u2013860 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1078155219875504","journal-title":"J. Oncol. Pharm. Pract."},{"key":"4_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anastasopoulou, E., et al.: The impact of digital technologies on formative assessment and the learning experience. Technium Educ. Humanit. 10, 115\u2013126 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47577\/teh.v10i.12113","DOI":"10.47577\/teh.v10i.12113"},{"issue":"4","key":"4_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1007\/s10758-024-09735-4","volume":"29","author":"S Hjellvik","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hjellvik, S., Mallam, S., Giske\u00f8deg\u00e5rd, M.F., Nazir, S.: Review on competency assessment instrumentation in computer-based simulation. Technol. Knowl. Learn. 29(4), 2171\u20132200 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10758-024-09735-4","journal-title":"Technol. Knowl. Learn."},{"key":"4_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yan, J., Tian, H., Sun, X., Song, L.: Role of artificial intelligence in enhancing competency assessment and transforming curriculum in higher vocational education. Front. Educ. 10, Article no. 1551596 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/feduc.2025.1551596","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2025.1551596"},{"issue":"3","key":"4_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2887","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-024-12923-5","volume":"30","author":"K Alalawi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alalawi, K., Athauda, R., Chiong, R., Renner, I.: Evaluating the student performance prediction and action framework through a learning analytics intervention study. Educ. Inf. Technol. 30(3), 2887\u20132916 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10639-024-12923-5","journal-title":"Educ. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"4_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sripan, T., Jeerapattanatorn, P.: Metaverse-based learning: a comprehensive review of current trends, challenges, and future implications. Contemp. Educ. Technol. 17(3), ep584 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30935\/cedtech\/16434","DOI":"10.30935\/cedtech\/16434"},{"key":"4_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garg, S.: Intelligent tutoring systems: the future of AI-powered personalized learning. ISJEM 1(3), 1\u20136 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.55041\/isjem00114","DOI":"10.55041\/isjem00114"},{"issue":"2","key":"4_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2355358","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.55358","volume":"7","author":"K Tsukada","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tsukada, K., et al.: Effectiveness of virtual reality training in teaching personal protective equipment skills: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw. Open 7(2), e2355358 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.55358","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"15","key":"4_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6484","DOI":"10.3390\/app14156484","volume":"14","author":"J Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, J., et al.: The effectiveness of a digital twin learning system in assisting engineering education courses: a case of landscape architecture. Appl. Sci. 14(15), 6484 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app14156484","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lin, Y.-Z., et al.: Personalized education with generative AI and digital twins: VR, RAG, and zero-shot sentiment analysis for Industry 4.0 workforce development. arXiv preprint (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/ARXIV.2502.14080","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.2502.14080"},{"issue":"2","key":"4_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13020120","volume":"13","author":"CE Cremonini","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cremonini, C.E., Capela, C., Da Silva, A., Gaspar, M.C., Vasco, J.C.: Digital twin integration for workforce training: transforming SMEs in the ornamental stone industry. Systems 13(2), 120 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems13020120","journal-title":"Systems"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Metaverse \u2013 METAVERSE 2025"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-032-06323-6_4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:32:20Z","timestamp":1779323540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-032-06323-6_4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"ISBN":["9783032063229","9783032063236"],"references-count":23,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-032-06323-6_4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 September 2025","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure of Interests"}},{"value":"METAVERSE","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Metaverse","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Hong Kong","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Hong Kong","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"27 September 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"30 September 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"21","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"services2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/www.servicessociety.org\/metaverse","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}