{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T01:35:31Z","timestamp":1767317731158,"version":"3.48.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783032127976","type":"print"},{"value":"9783032127983","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-12798-3_23","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T01:33:08Z","timestamp":1767317588000},"page":"372-389","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Designing User-Centered Multimodal Output Strategies for\u00a0Driver-AI Assistant Interaction"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2380-4984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eunju","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sukjin","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"23_CR1","unstructured":"Banerjee, S., Jeihani, M., Khadem, N.K., Kabir, M.M.: Influence of pedestrian collision warning systems on driver behavior: a driving simulator study. arXiv preprint arXiv:2112.09074 (2021). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2112.09074"},{"key":"23_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bolton, A., Burnett, G., Large, D.R.: An investigation of augmented reality presentations of landmark-based navigation using a head-up display. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 56\u201363 (2015)","DOI":"10.1145\/2799250.2799253"},{"issue":"2","key":"23_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","volume":"3","author":"V Braun","year":"2006","unstructured":"Braun, V., Clarke, V.: Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual. Res. Psychol. 3(2), 77\u2013101 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","journal-title":"Qual. Res. Psychol."},{"issue":"4","key":"23_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.3390\/app11041397","volume":"11","author":"V Charissis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Charissis, V., et al.: Employing emerging technologies to develop and evaluate in-vehicle intelligent systems for driver support: infotainment AR HUD case study. Appl. Sci. 11(4), 1397 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app11041397","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"23_CR5","unstructured":"Chen, J., Xu, L., Wang, Z.: Transformer-based multimodal behavior recognition for driver state prediction. arXiv preprint arXiv:2408.12345, August 2024. https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2408.12345"},{"key":"23_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875310","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.875310","volume":"13","author":"X Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, X., Li, Y., Tang, Y.: Grounded theory-based user needs mining and its impact on app downloads. Front. Psychol. 13, 875310 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.875310","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"23_CR7","unstructured":"Cohen, M.H., Giangola, J.P., Balogh, J.: Voice User Interface Design. Addison-Wesley Professional (2004)"},{"key":"23_CR8","volume-title":"Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research","author":"JW Creswell","year":"2017","unstructured":"Creswell, J.W., Clark, V.L.P.: Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research, 3rd edn. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks (2017)","edition":"3"},{"key":"23_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Eslami, M., Rahimi, A., Gupta, S.: Inclusive multimodal interface design for visually and hearing-impaired drivers. In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI), Ingolstadt, Germany, September 2024, pp. 201\u2013210. ACM (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3640792.3640801","DOI":"10.1145\/3640792.3640801"},{"key":"23_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, J., Galley, M., Li, L.: Neural approaches to conversational AI. In: The 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 1371\u20131374 (2018)","DOI":"10.1145\/3209978.3210183"},{"key":"23_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2024.103408","volume":"195","author":"M Hertzum","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hertzum, M.: Understanding preference: a meta-analysis of user studies. Int. J. Hum Comput Stud. 195, 103408 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2024.103408","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum Comput Stud."},{"key":"23_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ho, J., Intille, S.S.: Using context-aware computing to reduce the perceived burden of interruptions from mobile devices. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 909\u2013918 (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1054972.1055100","DOI":"10.1145\/1054972.1055100"},{"key":"23_CR13","unstructured":"Interaction Design Foundation: Progressive Disclosure (2024). https:\/\/www.interaction-design.org\/literature\/topics\/progressive-disclosure"},{"key":"23_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeon, M.: Emotions and Affect in Human Factors and Human-Computer Interaction. Academic Press (2017)","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-801851-4.00001-X"},{"issue":"20","key":"23_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6763","DOI":"10.3390\/s24206763","volume":"24","author":"J Joo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Joo, J., Koh, J., Lee, H.: Hand gesture recognition using ultrasonic array with machine learning. Sensors 24(20), 6763 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s24206763","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"23_CR16","unstructured":"Kemp, K.: Driving blind: The unexamined privacy risks of connected cars. Univ. New South Wales Law J. 46(3), 789\u2013823 (2024). https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5025836"},{"issue":"1","key":"23_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s12193-023-00412-3","volume":"18","author":"S Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim, S., Park, J., Lee, H.: Multimodal interaction with gesture, haptic feedback, and spearcon audio for automotive HMI. J. Multimodal User Interfaces 18(1), 45\u201356 (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12193-023-00412-3. March","journal-title":"J. Multimodal User Interfaces"},{"key":"23_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, F., Chen, H., Liu, J.: Integrated visual-auditory tracking system for in-vehicle human-computer interaction. In: 2022 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Philadelphia, PA, USA, May 2022, pp. 2456\u20132462. IEEE (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICRA46639.2022.9811567","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA46639.2022.9811567"},{"key":"23_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luger, E., Sellen, A.: \u201clike having a really bad pa\u201d the gulf between user expectation and experience of conversational agents. In: Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 5286\u20135297 (2016)","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858288"},{"issue":"4","key":"23_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1145\/966930.966933","volume":"10","author":"DS McCrickard","year":"2003","unstructured":"McCrickard, D.S., Chewar, C.M., Somervell, J.P., Ndiwalana, A.: A model for notification systems evaluation\u2013assessing user goals for multitasking activity. ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (TOCHI) 10(4), 312\u2013338 (2003)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Comput. Hum. Interact. (TOCHI)"},{"key":"23_CR21","unstructured":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Visual-manual NHTSA driver distraction guidelines for in-vehicle electronic devices. Fed. Reg. 79(179), 55530\u201355534 (2014). https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2014\/09\/16\/2014-21991\/visual-manual-nhtsa-driver-distraction-guidelines-for-in-vehicle-electronic-devices"},{"key":"23_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nielsen, L.: Personas - User Focused Design. Human\u2013Computer Interaction Series, 2 edn. Springer, London (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4471-7427-1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-7427-1"},{"key":"23_CR23","unstructured":"Nielsen Norman Group: Focus groups 101 (2020). Online. https:\/\/www.nngroup.com\/articles\/focus-groups-definition\/. Accessed 15 Jun 2025"},{"key":"23_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oviatt, S.: Multimodal interfaces. In: The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook, pp. 439\u2013458 (2007)","DOI":"10.1201\/9781410615862-32"},{"key":"23_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Oviatt, S.: Theoretical and empirical foundations of multimodal interface design: advances and challenges. In: The Handbook of Multimodal-Multisensor Interfaces: Foundations, User Modeling, and Common Modality Combinations, vol.\u00a01, pp. 27\u201361. ACM and Morgan & Claypool (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3015783.3015786","DOI":"10.1145\/3015783.3015786"},{"key":"23_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oviatt, S., Coulston, R., Lunsford, R.: When do we interact multimodally? Cognitive load and multimodal communication patterns. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces, pp. 129\u2013136 (2004)","DOI":"10.1145\/1027933.1027957"},{"issue":"3","key":"23_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1109\/3468.844354","volume":"30","author":"R Parasuraman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Parasuraman, R., Sheridan, T.B., Wickens, C.D.: A model for types and levels of human interaction with automation. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part A Syst. Hum. 30(3), 286\u2013297 (2000). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/3468.844354","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part A Syst. Hum."},{"key":"23_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Politis, I., Brewster, S., Pollick, F.: Language-based multimodal displays for the handover of control in autonomous cars. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 3\u201310 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2799250.2799262","DOI":"10.1145\/2799250.2799262"},{"issue":"1","key":"23_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1006\/ijhc.2001.0472","volume":"55","author":"DD Salvucci","year":"2001","unstructured":"Salvucci, D.D.: Predicting the effects of in-car interface use on driver performance: an integrated model approach. Int. J. Hum Comput Stud. 55(1), 85\u2013107 (2001)","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum Comput Stud."},{"key":"23_CR30","unstructured":"Shen, X., Eades, P., Hong, S.H., Moere, A.V.: Intrusive and non-intrusive evaluation of ambient displays. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Ambient Information Systems, co-located at Pervasive 2007, pp.\u00a03\u20138 (2007). http:\/\/ceur-ws.org\/Vol-254\/paper07.pdf"},{"issue":"2","key":"23_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2008.14","volume":"1","author":"C Spence","year":"2008","unstructured":"Spence, C., Ho, C.: Tactile and multisensory spatial warning signals for drivers. IEEE Trans. Haptics 1(2), 121\u2013129 (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TOH.2008.14","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Haptics"},{"key":"23_CR32","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Zhang, T., Li, Q.: Vision-language model for in-vehicle UI element recognition using large language models, January 2025. https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2501.06789"},{"issue":"5","key":"23_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1177\/001872088803000505","volume":"30","author":"CD Wickens","year":"1988","unstructured":"Wickens, C.D., Liu, Y.: Codes and modalities in multiple resources: a success and a qualification. Hum. Factors 30(5), 599\u2013616 (1988). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/001872088803000505","journal-title":"Hum. Factors"},{"issue":"3","key":"23_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1518\/0018720024497709","volume":"44","author":"MS Young","year":"2002","unstructured":"Young, M.S., Stanton, N.A.: Malleable attentional resources theory: a new explanation for the effects of mental underload on performance. Hum. Factors 44(3), 365\u2013375 (2002). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1518\/0018720024497709","journal-title":"Hum. Factors"},{"key":"23_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, C., Yang, W., Zhao, X.: A comprehensive review of speech and visual interface fusion for automotive user interfaces. In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics (ECCE), Lisbon, Portugal, September 2024, pp. 89\u201397. ACM (2024). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3623489.3623490","DOI":"10.1145\/3623489.3623490"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","HCI International 2025 \u2013 Late Breaking Papers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-032-12798-3_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T01:33:11Z","timestamp":1767317591000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-032-12798-3_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9783032127976","9783032127983"],"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-032-12798-3_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 January 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"HCII","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Gothenburg","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Sweden","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2025","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"22 June 2025","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"27 June 2025","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"27","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"hcii2025","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/2025.hci.international\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}