{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T01:18:13Z","timestamp":1784855893498,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":113,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783032177742","type":"print"},{"value":"9783032177759","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-17775-9_3","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T12:13:19Z","timestamp":1771157599000},"page":"59-80","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Microbiome, Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Carcinogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Laura Burney","family":"Ellis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Kyrgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Barbara","family":"Moscicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23306","volume":"30","author":"NG Allen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Allen NG, Edupuganti L, Edwards DJ et al (2022) The vaginal microbiome in women of reproductive age with healthy weight versus overweight\/obesity. Obesity 30(1):142\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.23306","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.02.060","volume":"205","author":"JE Allsworth","year":"2011","unstructured":"Allsworth JE, Peipert JF (2011) Severity of bacterial vaginosis and the risk of sexually transmitted infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol 205(2):113.e1\u2013113.e6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.02.060","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91112-9","volume":"74","author":"R Amsel","year":"1983","unstructured":"Amsel R, Totten PA, Spiegel CA et al (1983) Nonspecific vaginitis. Am J Med 74(1):14\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91112-9","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.04.019","volume":"42","author":"M Anahtar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Anahtar M, Byrne EH, Doherty K et al (2015) Cervicovaginal bacteria are a major modulator of host inflammatory responses in the female genital tract. Immunity 42(5):965\u2013976. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.04.019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2011.01082.x","volume":"90","author":"BL Anderson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anderson BL, Cu-Uvin S, Raker CA et al (2011) Subtle perturbations of genital microflora alter mucosal immunity among low-risk pregnant women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 90(5):510\u2013515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2011.01082.x","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"3_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab547","volume":"226","author":"J Andrade Pessoa Morales","year":"2022","unstructured":"Andrade Pessoa Morales J, Marconi C, El-Zein M et al (2022) Vaginal microbiome components as correlates of cervical human papillomavirus infection. J Infect Dis 226(6):1084\u20131097. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiab547","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"3_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4823","volume":"363","author":"M Arbyn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arbyn M, Smith SB, Temin S et al (2018) Detecting cervical precancer and reaching underscreened women by using HPV testing on self samples: updated meta-analyses. BMJ 363:k4823. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.k4823","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"8","key":"3_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.04.031","volume":"27","author":"M Arbyn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arbyn M, Simon M, Peeters E et al (2021) 2020 list of human papillomavirus assays suitable for primary cervical cancer screening. Clin Microbiol Infect 27(8):1083\u20131095. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.04.031","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.51","volume":"9","author":"KB Arnold","year":"2016","unstructured":"Arnold KB, Burgener A, Birse K et al (2016) Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in the female reproductive tract are associated with altered expression of proteases, mucosal barrier proteins, and an influx of HIV-susceptible target cells. Mucosal Immunol 9(1):194\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mi.2015.51","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15479","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33750-y","volume":"8","author":"S Arokiyaraj","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arokiyaraj S, Seo SS, Kwon M et al (2018) Association of cervical microbial community with persistence, clearance and negativity of human papillomavirus in Korean women: a longitudinal study. Sci Rep 8(1):15479\u201315479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-33750-y","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"3_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283021a37","volume":"22","author":"J Atashili","year":"2008","unstructured":"Atashili J, Poole C, Ndumbe PM et al (2008) Bacterial vaginosis and HIV acquisition: a meta-analysis of published studies. AIDS 22(12):1493\u20131501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283021a37","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0153274","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153274","volume":"11","author":"A Audirac-Chalifour","year":"2016","unstructured":"Audirac-Chalifour A, Torres-Poveda K, Bahena-Roman M et al (2016) Cervical microbiome and cytokine profile at various stages of cervical cancer: a pilot study. PLoS One 11(4):e0153274\u2013e0153e74. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0153274","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"3_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/5.11.1381","volume":"5","author":"H Bartsch","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bartsch H, Montesano R (1984) Relevance of nitrosamines to human cancer. Carcinogenesis 5(11):1381\u20131393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/carcin\/5.11.1381","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-020-00817-w","volume":"42","author":"E Bayar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bayar E, Bennett PR, Chan D et al (2020) The pregnancy microbiome and preterm birth. Semin Immunopathol 42(4):487\u2013499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00281-020-00817-w","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4162","DOI":"10.1172\/jci78366","volume":"124","author":"MJ Blaser","year":"2014","unstructured":"Blaser MJ (2014) The microbiome revolution. J Clin Invest 124(10):4162\u20134165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci78366","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-02965-w","volume":"21","author":"SJ Bowden","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bowden SJ, Doulgeraki T, Bouras E et al (2023) Risk factors for human papillomavirus infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer: an umbrella review and follow-up mendelian randomisation studies. BMC Med 21(1):274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-023-02965-w","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.12.011","volume":"221","author":"N Brusselaers","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brusselaers N, Shrestha S, van de Wijgert J et al (2019) Vaginal dysbiosis and the risk of human papillomavirus and cervical cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 221(1):9\u201318.e8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.12.011","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"3_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Caselli E, D\u2019Accolti M, Santi E et al (2020) Vaginal microbiota and cytokine microenvironment in HPV clearance\/persistence in women surgically treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: an observational prospective study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2020.540900","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.540900"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1159\/000511477","volume":"88","author":"CP Castanheira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Castanheira CP, Sallas ML, Nunes RAL et al (2021) Microbiome and cervical cancer. Pathobiology 88(2):187\u2013197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000511477","journal-title":"Pathobiology"},{"key":"3_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chee WJY, Chew SY, Than LTL (2020) Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health. Microb Cell Factories 19(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12934-020-01464-4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-020-01464-4"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1172\/jci109382","volume":"63","author":"KC Chen","year":"1979","unstructured":"Chen KC, Forsyth PS, Buchanan TM et al (1979) Amine content of vaginal fluid from untreated and treated patients with nonspecific vaginitis. J Clin Invest 63(5):828\u2013835. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci109382","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"3_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen Y, Hong Z, Wang W et al (2019) Association between the vaginal microbiome and high-risk human papillomavirus infection in pregnant Chinese women. BMC Infect Dis 19(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-019-4279-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4279-6"},{"key":"3_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen Y, Qiu X, Wang W et al (2020) Human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia progression are associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity in a Chinese cohort. BMC Infect Dis 20(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-020-05324-9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05324-9"},{"key":"3_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen R, Li R, Qing W et al (2022) Probiotics are a good choice for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial. Reprod Health 19(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12978-022-01449-z","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-022-01449-z"},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-020-02028-0","volume":"99","author":"C Chumduri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chumduri C, Turco MY (2021) Organoids of the female reproductive tract. J Mol Med 99(4):531\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00109-020-02028-0","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.09.012","volume":"41","author":"LE Colbert","year":"2023","unstructured":"Colbert LE, El Alam MB, Wang R et al (2023) Tumor-resident Lactobacillus iners confer chemoradiation resistance through lactate-induced metabolic rewiring. Cancer Cell 41(11):1945\u201362.e11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.09.012","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"3_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/147867","volume":"2012","author":"I Coste","year":"2012","unstructured":"Coste I, Judlin P, Lepargneur J-P et al (2012) Safety and efficacy of an intravaginal prebiotic gel in the prevention of recurrent bacterial vaginosis: a randomized double-blind study. Obstet Gynecol Int 2012:1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/147867","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01594-6","volume":"38","author":"AA Criscuolo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Criscuolo AA, Sesti F, Piccione E et al (2021) Therapeutic efficacy of a Coriolus versicolor-based vaginal gel in women with cervical uterine high-risk HPV infection: a retrospective observational study. Adv Ther 38(2):1202\u20131211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12325-020-01594-6","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2022.103995","volume":"174","author":"BS da Silva","year":"2023","unstructured":"da Silva BS, D\u00edaz-Roa A, Yamane ES et al (2023) Doderlin: isolation and characterization of a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide from lactobacillus acidophilus. Res Microbiol 174(3):103995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resmic.2022.103995","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1017\/s0950268815000965","volume":"144","author":"EO Dareng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dareng EO, Ma B, Famooto AO et al (2016) Prevalent high-risk HPV infection and vaginal microbiota in Nigerian women. Epidemiol Infect 144(1):123\u2013137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0950268815000965","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8030092","volume":"8","author":"D Davani-Davari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Davani-Davari D, Negahdaripour M, Karimzadeh I et al (2019) Prebiotics: definition, types, sources, mechanisms, and clinical applications. Foods 8(3):92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods8030092","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"3_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dellino M, Cascardi E, Lagan\u00e0 AS et al (2022) Lactobacillus crispatus M247 oral administration: is it really an effective strategy in the management of papillomavirus-infected women? Infect Agents Cancer 17(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13027-022-00465-9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-022-00465-9"},{"key":"3_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Despot A, Fure\u0161 R, Despot A-M et al (2023) Reactive oxygen species within the vaginal space: an additional promoter of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and uterine cervical cancer development? Open Med 18(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/med-2023-0826","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2023-0826"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.23736\/s2724-606x.21.04752-7","volume":"73","author":"F Di Pierro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Di Pierro F, Criscuolo AA, Dei Giudici A et al (2021) Oral administration of Lactobacillus crispatus M247 to papillomavirus-infected women: results of a preliminary, uncontrolled, open trial. Minerva Obstet Gynecol 73(5):621\u2013631. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/s2724-606x.21.04752-7","journal-title":"Minerva Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu004","volume":"209","author":"SY Doerflinger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Doerflinger SY, Throop AL, Herbst-Kralovetz MM (2014) Bacteria in the vaginal microbiome Alter the innate immune response and barrier properties of the human vaginal epithelia in a species-specific manner. J Infect Dis 209(12):1989\u20131999. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiu004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1042\/cs20050369","volume":"110","author":"J Doorbar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Doorbar J (2006) Molecular biology of human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer. Clin Sci (Lond) 110(5):525\u2013541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/cs20050369","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"3_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elkafas H, Walls M, Al-Hendy A et al (2022) Gut and genital tract microbiomes: dysbiosis and link to gynecological disorders. Front Cell Infect Microbiol:12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1059825","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1059825"},{"key":"3_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2024.101157","volume":"49","author":"M Falcaro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Falcaro M, Casta\u00f1\u00f3n A, Ndlela B et al (2025) Association between HPV vaccination and cervical screening policy changes and cervical cancer incidence and grade-3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia incidence in England, 2006\u20132020: a population-based trends analysis. Lancet Reg Health 49:101157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lanepe.2024.101157","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s12253-015-9913-z","volume":"21","author":"JV Fernandes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fernandes JV, Cobucci RNO, Jatob\u00e1 CAN et al (2015) The role of the mediators of inflammation in cancer development. Pathol Oncol Res 21(3):527\u2013534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12253-015-9913-z","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-022-01083-2","volume":"7","author":"M France","year":"2022","unstructured":"France M, Alizadeh M, Brown S et al (2022) Towards a deeper understanding of the vaginal microbiota. Nat Microbiol 7(3):367\u2013378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41564-022-01083-2","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"3_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102365","volume":"90","author":"A Garg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garg A, Ellis LB, Love RL et al (2023) Vaginal microbiome in obesity and its impact on reproduction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 90:102365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2023.102365","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"3_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12101559","volume":"12","author":"SP Gil-Antu\u00f1ano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gil-Antu\u00f1ano SP, Serrano Cogollor L, L\u00f3pez D\u00edaz AC et al (2022) Efficacy of a Coriolus versicolor-based vaginal gel in human papillomavirus-positive women older Than 40 years: a sub-analysis of PALOMA study. J Pers Med 12(10):1559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jpm12101559","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2023.101350","volume":"5","author":"JL Golob","year":"2024","unstructured":"Golob JL, Oskotsky TT, Tang AS et al (2024) Microbiome preterm birth DREAM challenge: crowdsourcing machine learning approaches to advance preterm birth research. Cell Rep Med 5(1):101350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xcrm.2023.101350","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.vmbf-0012-2015","volume":"4","author":"ER Green","year":"2016","unstructured":"Green ER, Mecsas J (2016) Bacterial secretion systems: an overview. Microbiol Spectr 4(1):215\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/microbiolspec.vmbf-0012-2015","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"3_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Grewal K, Lee YS, Smith A et al (2022) Chromosomally normal miscarriage is associated with vaginal dysbiosis and local inflammation. BMC Med 20(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-021-02227-7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-02227-7"},{"issue":"8","key":"3_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12081948","volume":"12","author":"V G\u00fcnther","year":"2022","unstructured":"G\u00fcnther V, Allahqoli L, Watrowski R et al (2022) Vaginal microbiome in reproductive medicine. Diagnostics 12(8):1948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics12081948","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"3_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-141604208-2.10007-7","volume-title":"Comprehensive cytopathology","author":"PK Gupta","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gupta PK, McGrath C (2008) Microbiology, inflammation and viral infections. In: Comprehensive cytopathology, 3rd edn. Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 91\u2013129","edition":"3"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.cd-21-1059","volume":"12","author":"D Hanahan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hanahan D (2022) Hallmarks of cancer: new dimensions. Cancer Discov 12(1):31\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2159-8290.cd-21-1059","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","volume":"144","author":"D Hanahan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hanahan D, Weinberg A, Robert. (2011) Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144(5):646\u2013674. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1086\/499824","volume":"193","author":"SR Hedges","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hedges SR, Barrientes F, Desmond RA et al (2006) Local and systemic cytokine levels in relation to changes in vaginal flora. J Infect Dis 193(4):556\u2013562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/499824","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"3_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-01674-2","volume":"41","author":"Y Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang Y, Sheth RU, Zhao S et al (2023) High-throughput microbial culturomics using automation and machine learning. Nat Biotechnol 41(10):1424\u20131433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41587-023-01674-2","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"3_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.04.028","volume":"44","author":"ZE Ilhan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ilhan ZE, \u0141aniewski P, Thomas N et al (2019) Deciphering the complex interplay between microbiota, HPV, inflammation and cancer through cervicovaginal metabolic profiling. EBioMedicine 44:675\u2013690. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.04.028","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"3_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e670","volume":"344","author":"MCMK Inge","year":"2012","unstructured":"Inge MCMK, Joost van R, Joakim D et al (2012) Primary screening for human papillomavirus compared with cytology screening for cervical cancer in European settings: cost effectiveness analysis based on a Dutch microsimulation model. BMJ 344:e670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.e670","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koster S, Gurumurthy RK, Kumar N et al (2022) Modelling Chlamydia and HPV co-infection in patient-derived ectocervix organoids reveals distinct cellular reprogramming. Nat Commun 13(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-022-28569-1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28569-1"},{"key":"3_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2022.03.005","volume":"86","author":"M Kyrgiou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kyrgiou M, Moscicki A-B (2022) Vaginal microbiome and cervical cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 86:189\u2013198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semcancer.2022.03.005","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"3_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2016.07.004","volume":"179","author":"M Kyrgiou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kyrgiou M, Mitra A, Moscicki A-B (2017) Does the vaginal microbiota play a role in the development of cervical cancer? Transl Res 179:168\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trsl.2016.07.004","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-0920-9","volume":"123","author":"M Kyrgiou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kyrgiou M, Arbyn M, Bergeron C et al (2020) Cervical screening: ESGO-EFC position paper of the European Society of Gynaecologic Oncology (ESGO) and the European Federation of Colposcopy (EFC). Br J Cancer 123(4):510\u2013517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41416-020-0920-9","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e140","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00524-2","volume":"26","author":"M Kyrgiou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kyrgiou M, Bowden SJ, Ellis LB et al (2025) Active surveillance of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2: 2025 British Society of Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology and European Society of Gynaecologic Oncology consensus statement. Lancet Oncol 26(3):e140\u2013ee51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(24)00524-2","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR59","first-page":"113","volume":"67","author":"G Laccetta","year":"2015","unstructured":"Laccetta G, Carrone A, Burratti M et al (2015) Effect of the treatment with \u03b2-glucan in women with cervical cytologic report of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (L-SIL). Minerva Ginecol 67(2):113\u2013120","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7593","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-25879-7","volume":"8","author":"P \u0141aniewski","year":"2018","unstructured":"\u0141aniewski P, Barnes D, Goulder A et al (2018) Linking cervicovaginal immune signatures, HPV and microbiota composition in cervical carcinogenesis in non-Hispanic and Hispanic women. Sci Rep 8(1):7593\u20137513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-25879-7","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5476389","volume":"2020","author":"G Lavitola","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lavitola G, Della Corte L, De Rosa N et al (2020) Effects on vaginal microbiota restoration and cervical epithelialization in positive HPV patients undergoing vaginal treatment with carboxy-methyl-beta-glucan. Biomed Res Int 2020(1):1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/5476389","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"3_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lebeau A, Bruyere D, Roncarati P et al (2022) HPV infection alters vaginal microbiome through down-regulating host mucosal innate peptides used by Lactobacilli as amino acid sources. Nat Commun 13(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-022-28724-8","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28724-8"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063514","volume":"8","author":"JE Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee JE, Lee S, Lee H et al (2013) Association of the vaginal microbiota with human papillomavirus infection in a Korean twin cohort. PLoS One 8(5):e63514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0063514","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"3_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10121013","volume":"10","author":"YH Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee YH, Kang G-U, Jeon SY et al (2020) Vaginal microbiome-based bacterial signatures for predicting the severity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Diagnostics 10(12):1013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics10121013","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"issue":"10","key":"3_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0600-6","volume":"25","author":"A Lev-Sagie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lev-Sagie A, Goldman-Wohl D, Cohen Y et al (2019) Vaginal microbiome transplantation in women with intractable bacterial vaginosis. Nat Med 25(10):1500\u20131504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-019-0600-6","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"3_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5037","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.4801","volume":"11","author":"C Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li C, Zhang Z, Yang Y et al (2022) Changes in the cervicovaginal microbiota composition of HPV16-infected patients after clinical treatment. Cancer Med 11(24):5037\u20135049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.4801","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"3_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li J, Zhou M, Xie J et al (2024) Organoid modeling meets cancers of female reproductive tract. Cell Death Discov 10(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41420-024-02186-x","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-024-02186-x"},{"issue":"8","key":"3_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2021.03.012","volume":"28","author":"K L\u00f5hmussaar","year":"2021","unstructured":"L\u00f5hmussaar K, Oka R, Espejo Valle-Inclan J et al (2021) Patient-derived organoids model cervical tissue dynamics and viral oncogenesis in cervical cancer. Cell Stem Cell 28(8):1380\u201396.e6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stem.2021.03.012","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-020-00365-4","volume":"14","author":"F Malard","year":"2021","unstructured":"Malard F, Dore J, Gaugler B et al (2021) Introduction to host microbiome symbiosis in health and disease. Mucosal Immunol 14(3):547\u2013554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41385-020-00365-4","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12264","volume":"71","author":"C Mitchell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mitchell C, Marrazzo J (2014) Bacterial vaginosis and the cervicovaginal immune response. Am J Reprod Immunol 71(6):555\u2013563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aji.12264","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16865","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16865","volume":"5","author":"A Mitra","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mitra A, MacIntyre DA, Lee YS et al (2015) Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia disease progression is associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity. Sci Rep 5(1):16865\u201316865. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep16865","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-016-0203-0","volume":"4","author":"A Mitra","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mitra A, MacIntyre DA, Marchesi JR et al (2016) The vaginal microbiota, human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: what do we know and where are we going next? Microbiome 4(1):58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40168-016-0203-0","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"3_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mitra A, Macintyre DA, Ntritsos G et al (2020) The vaginal microbiota associates with the regression of untreated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 lesions. Nat Commun 11(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-15856-y","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15856-y"},{"key":"3_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mitra A, Macintyre DA, Paraskevaidi M et al (2021) The vaginal microbiota and innate immunity after local excisional treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Genome Med 13(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13073-021-00977-w","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-021-00977-w"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e291","DOI":"10.1016\/s2666-5247(23)00257-4","volume":"5","author":"A Mitra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mitra A, Gultekin M, Burney Ellis L et al (2024) Genital tract microbiota composition profiles and use of prebiotics and probiotics in gynaecological cancer prevention: review of the current evidence, the European Society of Gynaecological Oncology prevention committee statement. Lancet Microbe 5(3):e291\u2013e300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2666-5247(23)00257-4","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"issue":"9446","key":"3_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17354-6","volume":"364","author":"A-B Moscicki","year":"2004","unstructured":"Moscicki A-B, Shiboski S, Hills NK et al (2004) Regression of low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions in young women. Lancet 364(9446):1678\u20131683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17354-6","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"3_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.epi-10-0394","volume":"19","author":"A-B Moscicki","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moscicki A-B, Ma Y, Jonte J et al (2010) The role of sexual behavior and human papillomavirus persistence in predicting repeated infections with new human papillomavirus types. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 19(8):2055\u20132065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1055-9965.epi-10-0394","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"3_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moscicki A-B, Shi B, Huang H et al (2020) Cervical-vaginal microbiome and associated cytokine profiles in a prospective study of HPV 16 acquisition, persistence, and clearance. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2020.569022","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.569022"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e171","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae026","volume":"230","author":"MM Munch","year":"2024","unstructured":"Munch MM, Strenk SM, Srinivasan S et al (2024) Gardnerella species and their association with bacterial vaginosis. J Infect Dis 230(1):e171\u2013ee81. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiae026","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"3_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1128\/cvi.00386-06","volume":"14","author":"RM Novak","year":"2007","unstructured":"Novak RM, Donoval BA, Graham PJ et al (2007) Cervicovaginal levels of lactoferrin, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, and RANTES and the effects of coexisting vaginoses in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative women with a high risk of heterosexual acquisition of HIV infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol 14(9):1102\u20131107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cvi.00386-06","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"3_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pvr.2019.04.006","volume":"7","author":"H Onywera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Onywera H, Williamson A-L, Mbulawa ZZA et al (2019) The cervical microbiota in reproductive-age South African women with and without human papillomavirus infection. Papillomavirus Res 7:154\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pvr.2019.04.006","journal-title":"Papillomavirus Res"},{"key":"3_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ou Y-C, Fu H-C, Tseng C-W et al (2019) The influence of probiotics on genital high-risk human papilloma virus clearance and quality of cervical smear: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. BMC Womens Health 19(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-019-0798-y","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-019-0798-y"},{"key":"3_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Palma E, Recine N, Domenici L et al (2018) Long-term Lactobacillus rhamnosus BMX 54 application to restore a balanced vaginal ecosystem: a promising solution against HPV-infection. BMC Infect Dis 18(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12879-017-2938-z","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2938-z"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70038-3","volume":"177","author":"JF Peipert","year":"1997","unstructured":"Peipert JF, Montagno AB, Cooper AS et al (1997) Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for upper genital tract infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol 177(5):1184\u20131187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70038-3","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.capr-15-0350","volume":"9","author":"CJ Piyathilake","year":"2016","unstructured":"Piyathilake CJ, Ollberding NJ, Kumar R et al (2016) Cervical microbiota associated with higher grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women infected with high-risk human papillomaviruses. Cancer Prev Res 9(5):357\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1940-6207.capr-15-0350","journal-title":"Cancer Prev Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8416763","volume":"2017","author":"G Pizzino","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pizzino G, Irrera N, Cucinotta M et al (2017) Oxidative stress: harms and benefits for human health. Oxidative Med Cell Longev 2017(1):1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/8416763","journal-title":"Oxidative Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"3_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmy063","volume":"10","author":"J Plaza-Diaz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Plaza-Diaz J, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Gil-Campos M et al (2019) Mechanisms of action of probiotics. Adv Nutr 10:S49\u2013S66. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/advances\/nmy063","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"3_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Qi J, Dai C, Song L et al (2024) Association between bacterial vaginosis with human papillomavirus in the United States (NHANES 2003\u20132004). BMC Womens Health 24(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12905-024-02956-w","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-024-02956-w"},{"issue":"supplement_1","key":"3_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4680","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002611107","volume":"108","author":"J Ravel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ravel J, Gajer P, Abdo Z et al (2011) Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women. Proc Natl Acad Sci 108(supplement_1):4680\u20134687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1002611107","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"3_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rebolj M, Rimmer J, Denton K et al (2019) Primary cervical screening with high risk human papillomavirus testing: observational study. BMJ:l240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l240","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l240"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01544-7","volume":"4","author":"G Reid","year":"2002","unstructured":"Reid G, Burton J (2002) Use of lactobacillus to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria. Microbes Infect 4(3):319\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1286-4579(02)01544-7","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.capr-18-0233","volume":"12","author":"W Ritu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ritu W, Enqi W, Zheng S et al (2019) Evaluation of the associations between cervical microbiota and HPV infection, clearance, and persistence in cytologically normal women. Cancer Prev Res 12(1):43\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1940-6207.capr-18-0233","journal-title":"Cancer Prev Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2004.12.002","volume":"11","author":"V Rousseau","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rousseau V, Lepargneur JP, Roques C et al (2005) Prebiotic effects of oligosaccharides on selected vaginal lactobacilli and pathogenic microorganisms. Anaerobe 11(3):145\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2004.12.002","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"issue":"10","key":"3_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0173-3","volume":"16","author":"ME Sanders","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sanders ME, Merenstein DJ, Reid G et al (2019) Probiotics and prebiotics in intestinal health and disease: from biology to the clinic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 16(10):605\u2013616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-019-0173-3","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"3_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2020.102103","volume":"90","author":"A Semertzidou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Semertzidou A, Brosens JJ, McNeish I et al (2020) Organoid models in gynaecological oncology research. Cancer Treat Rev 90:102103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctrv.2020.102103","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4081\/oncol.2012.e17","volume":"6","author":"M Senba","year":"2012","unstructured":"Senba M, Mori N (2012) Mechanisms of virus immune evasion lead to development from chronic inflammation to cancer formation associated with human papillomavirus infection. Oncol Rev 6(2):17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/oncol.2012.e17","journal-title":"Oncol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/lgt.0000000000000596","volume":"25","author":"L Serrano","year":"2021","unstructured":"Serrano L, L\u00f3pez AC, Gonz\u00e1lez SP et al (2021) Efficacy of a Coriolus versicolor-based vaginal gel in women with human papillomavirus-dependent cervical lesions: the PALOMA study. J Low Genit Tract Dis 25(2):130\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lgt.0000000000000596","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.4.4.485","volume":"4","author":"CA Spiegel","year":"1991","unstructured":"Spiegel CA (1991) Bacterial vaginosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 4(4):485\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/cmr.4.4.485","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00204","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00204-15","volume":"6","author":"S Srinivasan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Srinivasan S, Morgan MT, Fiedler TL et al (2015) Metabolic signatures of bacterial vaginosis. MBio 6(2):e00204\u2013e00215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mbio.00204-15","journal-title":"MBio"},{"issue":"5","key":"3_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.23736\/s0026-4784.17.04053-9","volume":"69","author":"P Stentella","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stentella P, Biamonti A, Carraro C et al (2017) Efficacy of carboxymethyl beta-glucan in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a retrospective, case-control study. Minerva Ginecol 69(5):425\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/s0026-4784.17.04053-9","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"issue":"7402","key":"3_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11234","volume":"486","author":"The Human Microbiome Project Consortium","year":"2012","unstructured":"The Human Microbiome Project Consortium (2012) Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature 486(7402):207\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature11234","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"3_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/43.3.218","volume":"43","author":"S Thomas","year":"1928","unstructured":"Thomas S (1928) J Infect Dis 43(3):218\u2013227","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"3_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5693","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00524-06","volume":"74","author":"EV Valore","year":"2006","unstructured":"Valore EV, Wiley DJ, Ganz T (2006) Reversible deficiency of antimicrobial polypeptides in bacterial vaginosis. Infect Immun 74(10):5693\u20135702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/iai.00524-06","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1097\/qad.0000000000002381","volume":"34","author":"JHHM Van De Wijgert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Van De Wijgert JHHM, Gill AC, Chikandiwa A et al (2020) Human papillomavirus infection and cervical dysplasia in HIV-positive women. AIDS 34(1):115\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/qad.0000000000002381","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e328355ed23","volume":"22","author":"V Verhoeven","year":"2013","unstructured":"Verhoeven V, Renard N, Makar A et al (2013) Probiotics enhance the clearance of human papillomavirus-related cervical lesions: a prospective controlled pilot study. Eur J Cancer Prev 22(1):46\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e328355ed23","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"4","key":"3_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xpro.2024.103353","volume":"5","author":"R Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang R, Harris T, Negr\u00f3n-Figueroa D et al (2024) Protocol for culturing patient-derived organoids of cervical cancer. STAR Protoc 5(4):103353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xpro.2024.103353","journal-title":"STAR Protoc"},{"key":"3_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wei B, Chen Y, Lu T et al (2022) Correlation between vaginal microbiota and different progression stages of cervical cancer. Genet Mol Biol 45(2). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0450","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0450"},{"key":"3_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wensel CR, Pluznick JL, Salzberg SL et al (2022) Next-generation sequencing: insights to advance clinical investigations of the microbiome. J Clin Invest 132(7). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci154944","DOI":"10.1172\/jci154944"},{"key":"3_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2016.11.023","volume":"231","author":"JA Westrich","year":"2017","unstructured":"Westrich JA, Warren CJ, Pyeon D (2017) Evasion of host immune defenses by human papillomavirus. Virus Res 231:21\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.virusres.2016.11.023","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"3_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2021.08.016","volume":"163","author":"S Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu S, Ding X, Kong Y et al (2021) The feature of cervical microbiota associated with the progression of cervical cancer among reproductive females. Gynecol Oncol 163(2):348\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ygyno.2021.08.016","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011464","volume":"19","author":"W Yin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yin W, Egawa N, Zheng K et al (2023) HPV E6 inhibits E6AP to regulate epithelial homeostasis by modulating keratinocyte differentiation commitment and YAP1 activation. PLoS Pathog 19(6):e1011464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011464","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"6","key":"3_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0332-7","volume":"30","author":"D Zheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zheng D, Liwinski T, Elinav E (2020) Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease. Cell Res 30(6):492\u2013506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41422-020-0332-7","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"3_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhou C, Tuong ZK, Frazer IH (2019) Papillomavirus immune evasion strategies target the infected cell and the local immune system. Front Oncol 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2019.00682","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00682"}],"container-title":["Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology","Human Papillomavirus Epidemiology, Immunology and Cervical Cancer Screening"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-032-17775-9_3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T08:06:29Z","timestamp":1778573189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-032-17775-9_3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9783032177742","9783032177759"],"references-count":113,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-032-17775-9_3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0070-217X","2196-9965"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0070-217X","type":"print"},{"value":"2196-9965","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 February 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"LBE, MK and A-BM declare no conflict of interest.\u00a0","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}}]}}