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Since their analysis can be extremely time-consuming, researchers have adopted multiple types of automatised approaches, including, in more recent years, pre-trained language models (PLMs). However, most work has focused on limited aspects of the report content, such as characters or emotions. In this work, we introduce PreDA (\n                    <jats:bold>pre<\/jats:bold>\n                    fix-based\n                    <jats:bold>d<\/jats:bold>\n                    ream reports\n                    <jats:bold>a<\/jats:bold>\n                    nnotation), a framework to build language models able to annotate a dream report for multiple relevant aspects, using generative PLMs. We provide experimental evidence showing how a single PLM of small dimension can efficiently annotate a report on multiple features of the Hall and Van De Castle (HVDC) framework, give a detailed analysis of the model\u2019s performance, and explain how the training data impact learning and generalisation ability of the model.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-21477-5_13","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:24:28Z","timestamp":1779323068000},"page":"191-206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PreDA: Prefix-Based Dream Reports Annotation with\u00a0Generative Language Models"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1709-9372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Bertolini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7512-0256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentin","family":"Comte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2410-0212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Ceresa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7357-5858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Consoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"13_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2020.101352","volume":"54","author":"S Andrews","year":"2020","unstructured":"Andrews, S., Hanna, P.: Investigating the psychological mechanisms underlying the relationship between nightmares, suicide and self-harm. 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