{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T06:03:12Z","timestamp":1780120992132,"version":"3.54.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783032283122","type":"print"},{"value":"9783032283139","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-28313-9_2","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T05:49:20Z","timestamp":1780120160000},"page":"21-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Designing AI-Based Entrepreneurial Coaching Systems"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6479-8989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"Liebschner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0321-0989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Heinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8731-654X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerhard","family":"Satzger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1109\/MS.2014.129","volume":"31","author":"C Giardino","year":"2014","unstructured":"Giardino, C., Unterkalmsteiner, M., Paternoster, N., Gorschek, T., Abrahamsson, P.: What do we know about software development in startups? Software IEEE 31, 28\u201332 (2014)","journal-title":"Software IEEE"},{"key":"2_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paternoster, N., Giardino, C., Unterkalmsteiner, M., Gorschek, T., Abrahamsson, P.: Software development in startup companies: a systematic mapping study. Inf. Softw. Technol. 56 (2014)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2014.04.014"},{"issue":"5","key":"2_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1108\/IJEBR-01-2021-0052","volume":"28","author":"N Upadhyay","year":"2021","unstructured":"Upadhyay, N., Upadhyay, S., Dwivedi, Y.K.: Theorizing artificial intelligence acceptance and digital entrepreneurship model. Int. J. Entrep. Behav. Res. 28(5), 1138\u20131166 (2021)","journal-title":"Int. J. Entrep. Behav. Res."},{"key":"2_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klofsten, M., \u00d6berg, S.: Coaching versus mentoring: are there any differences? In: Proceedings of the 16th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference and Doctoral Workshop, University of Twente (2008)","DOI":"10.3990\/2.268488396"},{"issue":"2","key":"2_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2020.11.001","volume":"64","author":"DF Kuratko","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuratko, D.F., Neubert, E., Marvel, M.R.: Insights on the mentorship and coachability of entrepreneurs. Bus. Horiz. 64(2), 199\u2013209 (2021)","journal-title":"Bus. Horiz."},{"issue":"2","key":"2_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/apps.12264","volume":"70","author":"S Kotte","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kotte, S., Diermann, I., Rosing, K., M\u00f6ller, H.: Entrepreneurial coaching: a two-dimensional framework in context. Appl. Psychol. 70(2), 518\u2013555 (2021)","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s40497-025-00452-5","volume":"15","author":"L Raeisy","year":"2025","unstructured":"Raeisy, L., Salimi, G., Safavi, S.A.A., Mohammadi, M.: Influencing factors of incubators and accelerators\u2019 success in entrepreneurship development: an integrative review. J. Glob. Entrep. Res. 15(1), 27 (2025)","journal-title":"J. Glob. Entrep. Res."},{"key":"2_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sammet, F., Gillig, H., Foo, M.D.: How do Startups use AI? A Q-methodology approach to understanding adoption patterns. In: European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 950\u2013959 (2024)","DOI":"10.34190\/ecie.19.1.2611"},{"key":"2_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2025.115320","volume":"192","author":"A Rezazadeh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rezazadeh, A., Kohns, M., Bohnsack, R., Ant\u00f3nio, N., Rita, P.: Generative AI for growth hacking: how startups use generative AI in their growth strategies. J. Bus. Res. 192, 115320 (2025)","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.2307\/25148625","volume":"28","author":"AR Hevner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hevner, A.R., March, S.T., Park, J., Ram, S.: Design science in information systems research. MIS Q. 28(1), 75\u2013105 (2004)","journal-title":"MIS Q."},{"key":"2_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222240302","volume":"24","author":"K Peffers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peffers, K., Tuunanen, T., Rothenberger, M., Chatterjee, S.: A design science research methodology for information systems research. J. Manag. Inf. Syst. 24, 45\u201377 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Manag. Inf. Syst."},{"issue":"3","key":"2_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1177\/10422587211028736","volume":"46","author":"BJ Bergman","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bergman, B.J., McMullen, J.S.: Helping entrepreneurs help themselves: a review and relational research agenda on entrepreneurial support organizations. Entrep. Theory Pract. 46(3), 688\u2013728 (2022)","journal-title":"Entrep. Theory Pract."},{"key":"2_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2019.03.001","volume":"84\u201385","author":"Y Mansoori","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mansoori, Y., Karlsson, T., Lundqvist, M.: The influence of the lean startup methodology on entrepreneur-coach relationships in the context of a startup accelerator. Technovation 84\u201385, 37\u201347 (2019)","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"key":"2_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brinkley, M.L., Le Roux, I.: Coaching as a support function for potential entrepreneurs. South. Afr. J. Entrep. Small Bus. Manag. 10 (2018)","DOI":"10.4102\/sajesbm.v10i1.99"},{"issue":"3","key":"2_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1177\/0891242409336547","volume":"23","author":"N Kutzhanova","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kutzhanova, N., Lyons, T.S., Lichtenstein, G.A.: Skill-based development of entrepreneurs and the role of personal and peer group coaching in enterprise development. Econ. Dev. Q. 23(3), 193\u2013210 (2009)","journal-title":"Econ. Dev. Q."},{"issue":"3","key":"2_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1108\/14626001211250207","volume":"19","author":"J Audet","year":"2012","unstructured":"Audet, J., Couteret, P.: Coaching the entrepreneur: features and success factors. J. Small Bus. Enterp. Dev. 19(3), 515\u2013531 (2012)","journal-title":"J. Small Bus. Enterp. Dev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1108\/JMD-12-2016-0292","volume":"37","author":"A Ben Salem","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ben Salem, A., Lakhal, L.: Entrepreneurial coaching: how to be modeled and measured? J. Manag. Dev. 37(1), 88\u2013100 (2018)","journal-title":"J. Manag. Dev."},{"issue":"5","key":"2_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1108\/JSBED-09-2021-0355","volume":"29","author":"CL Nicholls-Nixon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nicholls-Nixon, C.L., Maxheimer, M.M.: How coaching services help early stage entrepreneurs: an exploration of gender differences. J. Small Bus. Enterp. Dev. 29(5), 742\u2013763 (2022)","journal-title":"J. Small Bus. Enterp. Dev."},{"key":"2_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1177\/0266242610369881","volume":"29","author":"S Fielden","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fielden, S., Hunt, C.: Online coaching: an alternative source of social support for female entrepreneurs during venture creation. Int. Small Bus. J. 29, 345\u2013359 (2011)","journal-title":"Int. Small Bus. J."},{"key":"2_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marras, G., Opizzi, M., Loi, M.: Understanding the multifunctional role of entrepreneurial coaching through a systematic review of the literature. J. Manag. Psychol. 39 (2024)","DOI":"10.1108\/JMP-01-2023-0070"},{"key":"2_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsiouris, K.M., Tsakanikas, V.D., Gatsios, D., Fotiadis, D.I.: A review of virtual coaching systems in healthcare: closing the loop with real-time feedback. Front. Digit. Health 2 (2020)","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2020.567502"},{"key":"2_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seregni, A., et al.: Virtual coaching for rehabilitation: the participatory design experience of the vCare project. Front. Public Health 9 (2021)","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.748307"},{"issue":"4","key":"2_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-022-00757-9","volume":"64","author":"TG Weimann","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weimann, T.G., Schlieter, H., Brendel, A.B.: Virtual coaches: background, theories, and future research directions. Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng. 64(4), 515\u2013528 (2022)","journal-title":"Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng."},{"key":"2_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13226-1_3","volume-title":"Persuasive Technology","author":"H Oinas-Kukkonen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oinas-Kukkonen, H.: Behavior change support systems: a research model and agenda. In: Ploug, T., Hasle, P., Oinas-Kukkonen, H. (eds.) Persuasive Technology, pp. 4\u201314. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1109\/T-AFFC.2010.4","volume":"1","author":"TW Bickmore","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bickmore, T.W., Fernando, R., Ring, L., Schulman, D.: Empathic touch by relational agents. IEEE Trans. Affect. Comput. 1(1), 60\u201371 (2010)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Affect. Comput."},{"issue":"2","key":"2_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1145\/1067860.1067867","volume":"12","author":"TW Bickmore","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bickmore, T.W., Picard, R.W.: Establishing and maintaining long-term human-computer relationships. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact 12(2), 293\u2013327 (2005)","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact"},{"issue":"11","key":"2_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/15360","volume":"21","author":"AB Kocaballi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kocaballi, A.B., et al.: The personalization of conversational agents in health care: systematic review. J. Med. Internet Res. 21(11), e15360 (2019)","journal-title":"J. Med. Internet Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"2_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocy072","volume":"25","author":"L Laranjo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Laranjo, L., et al.: Conversational agents in healthcare: a systematic review. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. JAMIA 25(9), 1248\u20131258 (2018)","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. JAMIA"},{"issue":"3","key":"2_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s12599-024-00871-w","volume":"66","author":"H Schlieter","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schlieter, H., et al.: Designing virtual coaching solutions. Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng. 66(3), 377\u2013400 (2024)","journal-title":"Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng."},{"issue":"14","key":"2_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9109","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2024.2423125","volume":"41","author":"NHD Terblanche","year":"2025","unstructured":"Terblanche, N.H.D.: Smooth talking: generative versus scripted coaching chatbot adoption and efficacy comparison. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Interact. 41(14), 9109\u20139122 (2025)","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Interact."},{"key":"2_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuunanen, T., Winter, R., Brocke, J.V.: Dealing with complexity in design science research: a methodology using design echelons. MIS Q. 48, 427\u2013458 (2024)","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2023\/16700"},{"issue":"1","key":"2_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infoandorg.2006.11.001","volume":"17","author":"MD Myers","year":"2007","unstructured":"Myers, M.D., Newman, M.: The qualitative interview in IS research: examining the craft. Inf. Organ. 17(1), 2\u201326 (2007)","journal-title":"Inf. Organ."},{"issue":"1","key":"2_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428112452151","volume":"16","author":"DA Gioia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gioia, D.A., Corley, K.G., Hamilton, A.L.: Seeking qualitative rigor in inductive research: notes on the Gioia methodology. Organ. Res. Methods 16(1), 15\u201331 (2013)","journal-title":"Organ. Res. Methods"},{"key":"2_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arakawa, R., Yakura, H.: Coaching copilot: blended form of an LLM-powered chatbot and a human coach to effectively support self-reflection for leadership growth. In: Proceedings of the 6th ACM Conference on Conversational User Interfaces, CUI 2024, pp. 1\u201314. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2024)","DOI":"10.1145\/3640794.3665549"},{"issue":"1","key":"2_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1177\/1534484320982891","volume":"20","author":"C Gra\u00dfmann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gra\u00dfmann, C., Schermuly, C.C.: Coaching with artificial intelligence: concepts and capabilities. Hum. Resour. Dev. Rev. 20(1), 106\u2013126 (2021)","journal-title":"Hum. Resour. Dev. Rev."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Design for Better Futures: Beyond the Science of the Artificial. Completed Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-032-28313-9_2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T05:49:22Z","timestamp":1780120162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-032-28313-9_2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9783032283122","9783032283139"],"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-032-28313-9_2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 May 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosure of Interests"}},{"value":"DESRIST","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems and Technology","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"M\u00fcnster","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Germany","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2026","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"9 June 2026","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"10 June 2026","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"21","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"desrist2026","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/desrist2026.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}