{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T14:52:25Z","timestamp":1782485545566,"version":"3.54.5"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783032297624","type":"print"},{"value":"9783032297631","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-29763-1_44","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T14:42:25Z","timestamp":1782484945000},"page":"631-639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Leveraging a\u00a0Multi-agent LLM Framework for\u00a0Academic Reading Support: Design and\u00a0Evaluation of\u00a0the\u00a0SmartRead Platform"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Hai","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"44_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Behera, P.K., Jain, S.J., Kumar, A.: Visual exploration of literature using connected papers: a practical approach. Issues Sci. Technol. Librariansh. (104) (2023)","DOI":"10.29173\/istl2760"},{"key":"44_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Castillo-Mart\u00ednez, I.M., Ram\u00edrez-Montoya, M.S.: Research competencies to develop academic reading and writing: a systematic literature review. Front. Educat. 5, 576961. Frontiers Media SA (2021)","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2020.576961"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1515\/jaiscr-2017-0004","volume":"7","author":"K Colchester","year":"2017","unstructured":"Colchester, K., Hagras, H., Alghazzawi, D., Aldabbagh, G.: A survey of artificial intelligence techniques employed for adaptive educational systems within e-learning platforms. J. Artif. Intell. Soft Comput. Res 7(1), 47\u201364 (2017)","journal-title":"J. Artif. Intell. Soft Comput. Res"},{"key":"44_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Du Plooy, E., Casteleijn, D., Franzsen, D.: Personalized adaptive learning in higher education: a scoping review of key characteristics and impact on academic performance and engagement. Heliyon 10(21) (2024)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e39630"},{"key":"44_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hahnel, C., Schoor, C., Kroehne, U., Goldhammer, F., Mahlow, N., Artelt, C.: The role of cognitive load in university students\u2019 comprehension of multiple documents, (2019). Zeitschrift f\u00fcr p\u00e4dagogische Psychologie","DOI":"10.1024\/1010-0652\/a000238"},{"key":"44_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, Y., Yudelson, M., Han, S., He, D., Brusilovsky, P.: A framework for dynamic knowledge modeling in textbook-based learning. In: Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on User Modeling Adaptation and Personalization, pp. 141\u2013150 (2016)","DOI":"10.1145\/2930238.2930258"},{"key":"44_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2023.102274","volume":"103","author":"E Kasneci","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kasneci, E., et al.: ChatGPT for Good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education. Learn. Individ. Differ. 103, 102274 (2023)","journal-title":"Learn. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"44_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, H., Li, C., Xing, W., Baral, S., Heffernan, N.: Automated feedback for student math responses based on multi-modality and fine-tuning. In: Proceedings of the 14th Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference, pp. 763\u2013770 (2024)","DOI":"10.1145\/3636555.3636860"},{"key":"44_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, H., Xing, W.: Enhanced knowledge tracing: Leveraging multi-time series features from interaction process via an attention-based framework. In: International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, pp. 250\u2013258. Springer (2025)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-98465-5_32"},{"key":"44_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, H., et al.: Who should be my tutor? Analyzing the interactive effects of automated text personality styles between middle school students and a mathematics chatbot. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference, pp. 910\u2013917 (2025)","DOI":"10.1145\/3706468.3706537"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.18608\/jla.2025.8557","volume":"12","author":"H Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, H., Xing, W., Li, C., Zhu, W., Woodhead, S.: Integrating option tracing into knowledge tracing: enhancing learning analytics for mathematics multiple-choice questions. J. Learn. Anal. 12(1), 322\u2013337 (2025)","journal-title":"J. Learn. Anal."},{"key":"44_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, H., Xing, W., Zhu, W., Li, C., Lyu, B., Liu, Z., Heffernan, N.: Leveraging multi-modality and collaborative filtering for supporting automatic scoring in mathematics education. In: International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, pp. 313\u2013320. Springer (2025)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-99264-3_39"},{"key":"44_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2025.105314","volume":"234","author":"B Lyu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lyu, B., et al.: The role of teachable agents\u2019 personality traits on student-AI interactions and math learning. Comput. Educat. 234, 105314 (2025)","journal-title":"Comput. Educat."},{"issue":"2","key":"44_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.93.2.377","volume":"93","author":"PD Mautone","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mautone, P.D., Mayer, R.E.: Signaling as a cognitive guide in multimedia learning. J. Educ. Psychol. 93(2), 377 (2001)","journal-title":"J. Educ. Psychol."},{"issue":"4","key":"44_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-023-00644-2","volume":"5","author":"S Milano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Milano, S., McGrane, J.A., Leonelli, S.: Large language models challenge the future of higher education. Nature Mach. Intell. 5(4), 333\u2013334 (2023)","journal-title":"Nature Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2333-8504.2003.tb01908.x","volume":"2003","author":"RJ Mislevy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mislevy, R.J., Almond, R.G., Lukas, J.F.: A brief introduction to evidence-centered design. ETS Research Report Series 2003(1), i\u201329 (2003)","journal-title":"ETS Research Report Series"},{"issue":"3","key":"44_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.5860\/rusq.50n3.224","volume":"50","author":"J Newby","year":"2011","unstructured":"Newby, J.: Entering unfamiliar territory: building an information literacy course for graduate students in interdisciplinary areas. Ref. User Serv. Quarterly 50(3), 224\u2013229 (2011)","journal-title":"Ref. User Serv. Quarterly"},{"key":"44_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niu, C., et al.: RAGTruth: a hallucination corpus for developing trustworthy retrieval-augmented language models. In: Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, (vol. 1: Long Papers), pp. 10862\u201310878 (2024)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2024.acl-long.585"},{"issue":"Special1","key":"44_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.37268\/mjphm\/vol.20\/no.Special1\/art.705","volume":"20","author":"I Nur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nur, I., Iskandar, H., Ade, R.: The measurement of nurses\u2019mental workload using NASA-TLX method (a case study). Malaysian J. Pub. Health Med. 20(Special1), 60\u201363 (2020)","journal-title":"Malaysian J. Pub. Health Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1207\/S15326985EP3801_1","volume":"38","author":"F Paas","year":"2003","unstructured":"Paas, F., Renkl, A., Sweller, J.: Cognitive load theory and instructional design: recent developments. Educat. Psychol. 38(1), 1\u20134 (2003)","journal-title":"Educat. Psychol."},{"key":"44_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roy, T., et al.: SciSpace Copilot: empowering researchers through intelligent reading assistance. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 38, pp. 23826\u201323828 (2024)","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v38i21.30578"},{"issue":"6","key":"44_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaf063","volume":"32","author":"D Scherbakov","year":"2025","unstructured":"Scherbakov, D., Hubig, N., Jansari, V., Bakumenko, A., Lenert, L.A.: The emergence of large language models as tools in literature reviews: a large language model-assisted systematic review. J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 32(6), 1071\u20131086 (2025)","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc."},{"key":"44_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shanahan, C.: Disciplinary comprehension. In: Handbook of Research on Reading Comprehension, pp. 264\u2013284. Routledge (2014)","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315759609-23"},{"issue":"1","key":"44_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s43621-025-01094-z","volume":"6","author":"S Sharma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sharma, S., Mittal, P., Kumar, M., Bhardwaj, V.: The role of large language models in personalized learning: a systematic review of educational impact. Discover Sustainab. 6(1), 1\u201324 (2025)","journal-title":"Discover Sustainab."},{"key":"44_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1109\/TLT.2024.3405747","volume":"17","author":"X Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, X., Zhong, Y., Huang, C., Huang, X.: ChatpRCS: a personalized support system for English reading comprehension based on ChatGPT. IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol. 17, 1722\u20131736 (2024)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol."},{"key":"44_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, S., et\u00a0al.: Automated literature research and review-generation method based on large language models. Nat. Sci. Rev. 12(6), nwaf169 (2025)","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwaf169"},{"key":"44_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao, C., Xu, S.X., Zhang, K., Wang, Y., Xia, L.: Evaluating reading comprehension exercises generated by LLMs: a showcase of ChatGPT in education applications. In: Proceedings of the 18th Workshop on Innovative use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (BEA 2023), pp. 610\u2013625 (2023)","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.bea-1.52"},{"key":"44_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yousif, J.H.: Artificial intelligence revolution for enhancing modern education using zone of proximal development approach. Appl. Comput. J., 386\u2013398 (2025)","DOI":"10.52098\/acj.20255239"},{"issue":"11","key":"44_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4433","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-023-01901-x","volume":"65","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., et al.: Scholarly recommendation systems: a literature survey. Knowl. Inf. Syst. 65(11), 4433\u20134478 (2023)","journal-title":"Knowl. Inf. Syst."},{"issue":"2","key":"44_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1207\/s15430421tip4102_2","volume":"41","author":"BJ Zimmerman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zimmerman, B.J.: Becoming a self-regulated learner: an overview. Theory Pract. 41(2), 64\u201370 (2002)","journal-title":"Theory Pract."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Artificial Intelligence in Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-032-29763-1_44","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T14:42:41Z","timestamp":1782484961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-032-29763-1_44"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"ISBN":["9783032297624","9783032297631"],"references-count":30,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-032-29763-1_44","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 June 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"AIED","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Seoul","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Korea (Republic of)","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2026","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"29 June 2026","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"3 July 2026","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"27","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"aied2026","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/www.aied-conference.org\/2026","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}