{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T13:01:18Z","timestamp":1784638878643,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Nature Switzerland","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783032325594","type":"print"},{"value":"9783032325600","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-032-32560-0_7","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T12:04:07Z","timestamp":1784635447000},"page":"187-208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Protecting Quantum Circuits Through Compiler-Resistant Obfuscation"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Pradyun","family":"Parayil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Balachandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"7_CR1","volume-title":"Quantum Computation and Quantum Information","author":"MA Nielsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nielsen, M.A., Chuang, I.L.: Quantum Computation and Quantum Information. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2010)"},{"key":"7_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Preskill, J.: Quantum computing in the nisq era and beyond. Quantum 2, 79 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22331\/q-2018-08-06-79","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2018-08-06-79"},{"key":"7_CR3","unstructured":"Rieffel, E.G., Polak, W.H.: Quantum Computing: A Gentle Introduction. MIT Press (2011)"},{"key":"7_CR4","unstructured":"Cross, A.W., Bishop, L.S., Smolin, J.A., Gambetta, J.M.: Open quantum assembly language (2017). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1707.03429"},{"key":"7_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bartake, N., Jie, S.T.Z., Jiawen, C.W., Ren, D.F.Y., Kasper, M., Balachandran, V.: Obfusqate: unveiling the first quantum program obfuscation framework. In: Proceedings of the 2025 Workshop on Research on Offensive and Defensive Techniques in the Context of Man At The End (MATE) Attacks, CheckMATE 2025, pp. 10\u201319. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3733817.3762700","DOI":"10.1145\/3733817.3762700"},{"key":"7_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suresh, A., Saki, A.A., Alam, M., o\u00a0Topalaglu, R., Ghosh, S.: A quantum circuit obfuscation methodology for security and privacy (2021). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2104.05943","DOI":"10.1145\/3505253.3505260"},{"key":"7_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rehman, A., Langford, V., Liu, Y.: Opaque: obfuscating phase in quantum circuit compilation for efficient IP protection (2025). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2502.16605","DOI":"10.1109\/ISQED65160.2025.11014313"},{"issue":"3","key":"7_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3505636","volume":"3","author":"A Cross","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cross, A., et al.: Openqasm3: a broader and deeper quantum assembly language. ACM Trans. Quantum Comput. 3(3), 1\u201350 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3505636","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Quantum Comput."},{"key":"7_CR9","volume-title":"Matrix Analysis for Scientists and Engineers","author":"AJ Laub","year":"2005","unstructured":"Laub, A.J.: Matrix Analysis for Scientists and Engineers. SIAM, Philadelphia (2005)"},{"key":"7_CR10","unstructured":"Parayil, P., Raj, A., Balachandran, V.: Basis Transformation. https:\/\/github.com\/vivekianity\/Basis-Transformation"},{"key":"7_CR11","unstructured":"Farhi, E., Goldstone, J., Gutmann, S.: A quantum approximate optimization algorithm (2014). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1411.4028"},{"key":"7_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shor, P.W.: Polynomial-time algorithms for prime factorization and discrete logarithms on a quantum computer. SIAM J. Comput. 26(5), 1484\u20131509 (1997). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1137\/S0097539795293172","DOI":"10.1137\/S0097539795293172"},{"key":"7_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bernstein, E., Vazirani, U.: Quantum complexity theory. SIAM J. Comput. 26(5), 1411\u20131473 (1997). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1137\/S0097539796300921","DOI":"10.1137\/S0097539796300921"},{"key":"7_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Grover, L.K.: A fast quantum mechanical algorithm for database search. In: Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, pp. 212\u2013219 (1996). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/237814.237866","DOI":"10.1145\/237814.237866"},{"key":"7_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4213","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5213","volume":"5","author":"A Peruzzo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peruzzo, A., et al.: A variational eigenvalue solver on a photonic quantum processor. Nat. Commun. 5, 4213 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms5213","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"7_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cleve, R., Ekert, A., Macchiavello, C., Mosca, M.: Quantum algorithms revisited. Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 454(1969), 339\u2013354 (1998). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspa.1998.0164","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1998.0164"},{"key":"7_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Deutsch, D., Jozsa, R.: Rapid solution of problems by quantum computation. Proc. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 439(1907), 553\u2013558 (1992). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspa.1992.0167","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1992.0167"},{"key":"7_CR18","unstructured":"Coppersmith, D.: An approximate fourier transform useful in quantum factoring (2002). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/quant-ph\/0201067"},{"key":"7_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Simon, D.R.: On the power of quantum computation. SIAM J. Comput. 26(5), 1474\u20131483 (1997). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1137\/S0097539796298637","DOI":"10.1137\/S0097539796298637"},{"key":"7_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Verd\u00fa, S.: Total variation distance and the distribution of relative information. In: 2014 Information Theory and Applications Workshop (ITA), pp.\u00a01\u20136. San Diego, CA, USA (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ITA.2014.6804281","DOI":"10.1109\/ITA.2014.6804281"},{"key":"7_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Q., John, J., Dong, B., Liu, Y.: Tetrislock: quantum circuit split compilation with interlocking patterns (2025). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2503.11982","DOI":"10.1109\/DAC63849.2025.11132682"},{"key":"7_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu, Y., John, J., Wang, Q.: E-loq: enhanced locking for quantum circuit IP protection. In: 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Hardware Oriented Security and Trust (HOST), pp. 67\u201377. IEEE (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/host64725.2025.11050014","DOI":"10.1109\/host64725.2025.11050014"},{"key":"7_CR23","unstructured":"Ma, N., Li, H.: Understanding and estimating the execution time of quantum circuits (2025). https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2411.15631"},{"key":"7_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, P., et al.: Shining light on the inter-procedural code obfuscation: keep pace with progress in binary diffing. ACM Trans. Archit. Code Optim. 22(1) (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3701992","DOI":"10.1145\/3701992"},{"key":"7_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevX.10.041038","volume":"10","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou, Y., Stoudenmire, E.M., Waintal, X.: What limits the simulation of quantum computers? Phys. Rev. X 10, 041038 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevX.10.041038","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. X"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Applied Cryptography and Network Security"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-032-32560-0_7","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T12:04:13Z","timestamp":1784635453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-032-32560-0_7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"ISBN":["9783032325594","9783032325600"],"references-count":25,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-032-32560-0_7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 July 2026","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare relevant to this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Declaration of Competing Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"ACNS","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Stony Brook, WI","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"USA","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2026","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"22 June 2026","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"25 June 2026","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"24","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"acns2026","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/acns2026.github.io\/index.html","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}