{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T14:56:51Z","timestamp":1761663411262,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783319257822"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783319257839"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-25783-9_4","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,7]],"date-time":"2015-11-07T01:25:39Z","timestamp":1446859539000},"page":"36-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Multi-granularity Intelligent Information Processing"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Guoyin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ji","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yuchao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"4_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","volume":"521","author":"Y LeCun","year":"2015","unstructured":"LeCun, Y., Bengio, Y., Hinton, G.: Deep learning. Nature 521, 436\u2013444 (2015)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taigman, Y., Yang, M., Ranzato, M.A., et al.: Deepface: Closing the gap to human-level performance in face verification. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2014, pp. 1701\u20131708 (2014)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.220"},{"key":"4_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vinyals, O., Toshev, A., Engio, S., Erhan, D.: Show and Tell: A Neural Image Caption Generator. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2015, pp. 3156\u20133164 (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2015.7298935"},{"key":"4_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Graves, A., Mohamed, A., Hinton, G.: Speech recognition with deep recurrent neural networks. In: IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech & Signal Processing, ICASSP 2013, pp. 6645\u20136649 (2013)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6638947"},{"key":"4_CR5","first-page":"665","volume":"23","author":"JSR Jang","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jang, J.S.R.: ANFIS: adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system. IEEE Trans SMC. 23, 665\u2013685 (1993)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans SMC."},{"key":"4_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1109\/72.728355","volume":"9","author":"G Wang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wang, G., Shi, H.: TMLNN: triple-valued or multiple-valued logic neural network. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. 9, 1099\u20131117 (1998)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Netw."},{"key":"4_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yager, R.R., Filev, D.: Operations for granular computing: mixing words with numbers. In: Proceeding 1998 IEEE International Conference Fuzz System, pp. 123\u2013128 (1998)","DOI":"10.1109\/FUZZY.1998.687470"},{"key":"4_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.01.015","volume":"275","author":"CLP Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen, C.L.P., Zhang, C.: Data-intensive applications, challenges, techniques and technologies: a survey on big data. Inf Sci. 275, 314\u2013347 (2014)","journal-title":"Inf Sci."},{"key":"4_CR9","volume-title":"Granular Computing: Past, Present and Prospects","author":"D Miao","year":"2007","unstructured":"Miao, D., Wang, G., Liu, Q., Lin, T., Yao, Y.: Granular Computing: Past, Present and Prospects. Science Press, Beijing (2007)"},{"key":"4_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2012.2236648","volume":"43","author":"J Yao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yao, J., Vasilakos, A., Pedrycz, W.: Granular computing: perspectives and challenges. IEEE Trans. Cybern. 43, 1977\u20131989 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cybern."},{"key":"4_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcs.2011.05.045","volume":"412","author":"A Skowron","year":"2011","unstructured":"Skowron, A., Wasilewski, P.: Information systems in modeling interactive computations on granules. Theor. Comput. Sci. 412, 5939\u20135959 (2011)","journal-title":"Theor. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR12","unstructured":"Yao, Y.: Granular Computing: basic issues and possible solutions. In: Proceeding of 5th Joint Conference on Information Science, vol. I, pp. 186\u2013189. Atlantic (2000)"},{"key":"4_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40708-014-0001-z","volume":"1","author":"G Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang, G., Xu, J.: Granular computing with multiple granular layers for brain big data processing. Brain Inform. 1, 1\u201310 (2014)","journal-title":"Brain Inform."},{"key":"4_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","volume":"8","author":"L Zadeh","year":"1965","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.: Fuzzy sets. Inf. Control 8, 338\u2013353 (1965)","journal-title":"Inf. Control"},{"key":"4_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(97)00077-8","volume":"90","author":"L Zadeh","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.: Toward a theory of fuzzy information granulation and its centrality in human reasoning and fuzzy logic. Fuzz Sets Syst. 90, 111\u2013127 (1997)","journal-title":"Fuzz Sets Syst."},{"key":"4_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2008.02.012","volume":"178","author":"L Zadeh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.: Is there a need for fuzzy logic? Inf. Sci. 178, 2751\u20132779 (2008)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01001956","volume":"11","author":"Z Pawlak","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pawlak, Z.: Rough sets. Int. J. Comput. Inf. Sci. 11, 341\u2013356 (1982)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR18","volume-title":"Theory of Problem Solving and its Applications","author":"B Zhang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhang, B., Zhang, L.: Theory of Problem Solving and its Applications, 2nd edn. Tsinghua University Press, Beijing (2007). in Chinese","edition":"2"},{"key":"4_CR19","first-page":"287","volume":"59","author":"L Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Zhang, B.: The quotient space theory of problem solving. Fund inf. 59, 287\u2013298 (2004)","journal-title":"Fund inf."},{"key":"4_CR20","first-page":"603S","volume":"6","author":"D Wu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wu, D., Ban, X., Oquendo, F.: An architecture model of distributed simulation system based on quotient space. Appl Math. 6, 603S\u2013609S (2012)","journal-title":"Appl Math."},{"key":"4_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2014.01.003","volume":"245","author":"Q Dong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dong, Q., et al.: Algebraic properties and topological properties of the quotient space of fuzzy numbers based on Mar$$\\breve{e}$$ equivalence relation. Fuzz Sets Syst. 245, 63\u201382 (2014)","journal-title":"Fuzz Sets Syst."},{"key":"4_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2005.03.005","volume":"173","author":"L Zhang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Zhang, B.: Fuzzy reasoning model under quotient space structure. Inf. Sci. 173, 353\u2013364 (2005)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR23","first-page":"627","volume":"21","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang, Q., Wang, G., Liu, X.: Hierarchical structure analysis of fuzzy quotient space. PR&AI. 21, 627\u2013634 (2008)","journal-title":"PR&AI."},{"key":"4_CR24","volume-title":"Research on Hierarchy Granular Computing Theory and its Application[D]","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang, Q.: Research on Hierarchy Granular Computing Theory and its Application[D]. Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu (2009)"},{"key":"4_CR25","first-page":"505","volume":"6","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang, Q., Wang, G.: The uncertainty measure of hierarchical quotient space structure. Math. Prob. Eng. 6, 505\u2013515 (2011)","journal-title":"Math. Prob. Eng."},{"key":"4_CR26","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence with Uncertainty","author":"D Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li, D., Du, Y.: Artificial Intelligence with Uncertainty. Chapman & Hall\/CRC Press, Boca Raton (2008)"},{"key":"4_CR27","first-page":"385","volume":"127","author":"Y Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Li, D., He, W., Wang, G.: Granular computing based on gaussian cloud transformation. Fund. Inf. 127, 385\u2013398 (2013)","journal-title":"Fund. Inf."},{"key":"4_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artint.2013.11.003","volume":"207","author":"M Nakatsuji","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nakatsuji, M., Fujiwara, Y.: Linked taxonomies to capture users\u2019 subjective assessments of items to facilitate accurate collaborative filtering. Artif. Intell. 207, 52\u201368 (2014)","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"4_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2013.06.017","volume":"13","author":"W Pedrycz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pedrycz, W., Homenda, W.: Building the fundamentals of granular computing: a principle of justifiable granularity. Appl. Soft. Comput. 13, 4209\u20134218 (2013)","journal-title":"Appl. Soft. Comput."},{"key":"4_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2012.03.038","volume":"232","author":"W Pedrycz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pedrycz, W.: Allocation of information granularity in optimization and decision-making models: towards building the foundations of granular computing. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 232, 137\u2013145 (2014)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"4_CR31","first-page":"363","volume":"23","author":"G McCalla","year":"1992","unstructured":"McCalla, G., Greer, J., Barrie, B.: Granularity hierarchies. Comput. Math. App. 23, 363\u2013375 (1992)","journal-title":"Comput. Math. App."},{"key":"4_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.06.012","volume":"249","author":"P Zhu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhu, P., Hu, Q.: Adaptive neighborhood granularity selection and combination based on margin distribution optimization. Inf. Sci. 249, 1\u201312 (2013)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-27794-1_11","volume-title":"Transactions on Rough Sets I","author":"Y Yao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yao, Y.: A partition model of granular computing. In: Peters, J.F., Skowron, A., Grzyma\u0142a-Busse, J.W., Kostek, B., Swiniarski, R.W., Szczuka, M.S. (eds.) Transactions on Rough Sets I, pp. 232\u2013253. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)"},{"key":"4_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.11.023","volume":"180","author":"Y Qian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Qian, Y., Liang, J., Yao, Y., Dang, C.: MGRS: a multi-granulation rough set. Inf. Sci. 180, 949\u2013970 (2010)","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"4_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2886","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2014.2320740","volume":"26","author":"H Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen, H., Li, T., Luo, C., Hong, S., Wang, G.: A rough set-based method for updating decision rules on attribute values\u2019 coarsening and refining. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 26, 2886\u20132899 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"4_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1109\/91.493904","volume":"4","author":"LA Zadeh","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.A.: Fuzzy logic=computing with words. IEEE Trans. Fuzz Syst. 4, 103\u2013111 (1996)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzz Syst."},{"key":"4_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1109\/81.739259","volume":"45","author":"LA Zadeh","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.A.: From computing with numbers to computing with words-from manipulation of measurements to manipulation of perceptions. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst-I: Fund Theor. Appl. 45, 105\u2013119 (1999)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst-I: Fund Theor. Appl."},{"key":"4_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1001.2008.00861","volume":"19","author":"XQ Tang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tang, X.Q., Zhu, P., Cheng, J.X.: Cluster analysis based on fuzzy quotient space. J. Softw. 19, 861\u2013868 (2008)","journal-title":"J. Softw."},{"key":"4_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, C.: Fuzzy sets and quotient spaces. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing, pp. 350\u2013353 (2005)","DOI":"10.1109\/GRC.2005.1547302"},{"key":"4_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1080\/0308107021000013635","volume":"31","author":"J Liang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Liang, J., Chin, K.S., Dang, C., Yam, R.C.M.: A new method for measuring uncertainty and fuzziness in rough set theory. Int. J. Gen. Syst. 31, 331\u2013342 (2002)","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Syst."},{"key":"4_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1080\/03081079908935239","volume":"28","author":"MJ Wierman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wierman, M.J.: Measuring uncertainty in rough set theory. Int. J. Gen. Syst. 28, 283\u2013297 (1999)","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Syst."},{"key":"4_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1001.2008.00861","volume":"19","author":"X Tang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tang, X., Zhu, P., Cheng, J.: Cluster analysis based on fuzzy quotient space. J. Softw. 19, 861\u2013868 (2008)","journal-title":"J. Softw."},{"key":"4_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1242072","volume":"344","author":"A Rodriguez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rodriguez, A., Laio, A.: Clustering by fast search and find of density peaks. Science 344, 1492\u20131496 (2014)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4_CR44","first-page":"1497","volume":"38","author":"J Xu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xu, J., Wang, G., Yu, H.: Review of big data processing based on granular computing. Chin. J. Comput. 38, 1497\u20131517 (2015)","journal-title":"Chin. J. Comput."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining, and Granular Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-319-25783-9_4","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]],"date-time":"2025-05-31T10:22:09Z","timestamp":1748686929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-319-25783-9_4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"ISBN":["9783319257822","9783319257839"],"references-count":44,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-25783-9_4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0302-9743"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1611-3349"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 November 2015","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}}]}}