{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T07:01:39Z","timestamp":1743058899035,"version":"3.40.3"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"9783319263915"},{"type":"electronic","value":"9783319263939"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-26393-9_12","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,29]],"date-time":"2015-11-29T13:39:13Z","timestamp":1448804353000},"page":"189-211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Ordinal Controversy and the Fuzzy Inference System Through an Application and Simulation to Teaching Activity Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Michele","family":"Lalla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Pirotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"12_CR1","first-page":"471","volume-title":"Research Methods in the Behavioral Sciences","author":"CH Coombs","year":"1953","unstructured":"Coombs, C.H.: Theory and methods of social measurement. In: Festinger, L., Katz, D. (eds.) Research Methods in the Behavioral Sciences, pp. 471\u2013535. New York, Dryden (1953)"},{"key":"12_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203841679","volume-title":"Social Statistics: The Basics and Beyond","author":"TJ Linneman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Linneman, T.J.: Social Statistics: The Basics and Beyond. Routledge, New York (2011)"},{"key":"12_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/0471249688","volume-title":"Categorical Data Analysis","author":"A Agresti","year":"2002","unstructured":"Agresti, A.: Categorical Data Analysis. Wiley, New York (2002)"},{"key":"12_CR4","first-page":"1483","volume":"XIX","author":"T Amemiya","year":"1981","unstructured":"Amemiya, T.: Qualitative response models: a survey. J. Econ. Lit. XIX, 1483\u20131538 (1981)","journal-title":"J. Econ. Lit."},{"key":"12_CR5","volume-title":"Econometric analysis","author":"WH Greene","year":"2003","unstructured":"Greene, W.H.: Econometric analysis. Pearson Education India, New Delhi (2003)"},{"key":"12_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","volume":"8","author":"LA Zadeh","year":"1965","unstructured":"Zadeh, L.A.: Fuzzy sets. Inf. Control 8, 338\u2013353 (1965)","journal-title":"Inf. Control"},{"key":"12_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1126\/science.103.2684.677","volume":"103","author":"SS Stevens","year":"1946","unstructured":"Stevens, S.S.: On the theory of scales of measurement. Science 103, 677\u2013680 (1946)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"12_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1037\/h0070288","volume":"34","author":"LL Thurstone","year":"1927","unstructured":"Thurstone, L.L.: A law of comparative judgment. Psychol. Rev. 34, 273\u2013286 (1927a)","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"12_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1037\/h0065439","volume":"21","author":"LL Thurstone","year":"1927","unstructured":"Thurstone, L.L.: The method of paired comparison for social values. J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol. 21, 384\u2013397 (1927b)","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"12_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1086\/214483","volume":"33","author":"LL Thurstone","year":"1928","unstructured":"Thurstone, L.L.: Attitudes can be measured. Am. J. Sociol. 33, 529\u2013554 (1928)","journal-title":"Am. J. Sociol."},{"key":"12_CR11","first-page":"58","volume":"2","author":"M White","year":"1926","unstructured":"White, M.: Psychological technique and social problems. Southwest. Polit. Soc. Sci. Q. 2, 58\u201373 (1926)","journal-title":"Southwest. Polit. Soc. Sci. Q."},{"key":"12_CR12","first-page":"1","volume":"140","author":"R Likert","year":"1932","unstructured":"Likert, R.: A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Arch. Psychol. Monogr. 140, 1\u201350 (1932)","journal-title":"Arch. Psychol. Monogr."},{"key":"12_CR13","volume-title":"Questions and Answers in Attitude Surveys: Experiments on Question Form, Wording, and Context","author":"H Schuman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schuman, H., Presser, S.: Questions and Answers in Attitude Surveys: Experiments on Question Form, Wording, and Context. Sage, Thousand Oaks (1996)"},{"key":"12_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1037\/h0055737","volume":"49","author":"CE Osgood","year":"1952","unstructured":"Osgood, C.E.: The nature and measurement of meaning. Psychol. Bull. 49, 197\u2013237 (1952)","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"12_CR15","volume-title":"The Measurement of Meaning","author":"CE Osgood","year":"1957","unstructured":"Osgood, C.E., Suci, G.J., Tannenbaum, P.H.: The Measurement of Meaning. University of Illinois Press, Urbana (1957)"},{"key":"12_CR16","first-page":"213","volume":"45","author":"JH Yu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yu, J.H., Albaum, G., Swenson, M.: Is a central tendency error inherent in the use of semantic differential scales in different cultures? Int. J. Mark. Res. 45, 213\u2013228 (2003)","journal-title":"Int. J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"12_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1177\/002224296102500513","volume":"25","author":"I Crespi","year":"1961","unstructured":"Crespi, I.: Use of a scaling technique in surveys. J. Mark. 25, 69\u201372 (1961)","journal-title":"J. Mark."},{"key":"12_CR18","first-page":"4","volume":"6","author":"H Cantril","year":"1962","unstructured":"Cantril, H., Free, L.A.: Hopes and fears for self and country: the self-anchoring striving scale in cross-cultural research. Am. Behav. Sci. 6, 4\u201330 (1962)","journal-title":"Am. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"12_CR19","first-page":"158","volume":"16","author":"FP Kilpatrick","year":"1960","unstructured":"Kilpatrick, F.P., Cantril, H.: Self-anchoring scaling: a measure of individuals\u2019 unique reality worlds. J. Individ. Psychol. 16, 158\u2013173 (1960)","journal-title":"J. Individ. Psychol."},{"key":"12_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-007-9154-7","volume":"43","author":"J Hofmans","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hofmans, J., Theuns, P., Van Acker, F.: Combining quality and quantity. a psychometric evaluation of the self-anchoring scale. Qual. Quant. 43, 703\u2013716 (2009)","journal-title":"Qual. Quant."},{"unstructured":"ANES: American National Election Studies 1964: Pre-post election study. Survey Research Center (S473). http:\/\/www.electionstudies.org\/studypages\/1964prepost\/int1964.txt (1964). Accessed 12 Feb 2015","key":"12_CR21"},{"key":"12_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.2307\/1958364","volume":"64","author":"HF Weisberg","year":"1970","unstructured":"Weisberg, H.F., Rusk, J.G.: Dimensions of candidate evaluation. Am Polit. Sci. Rev. 64, 1167\u20131185 (1970)","journal-title":"Am Polit. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"12_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1945.9917230","volume":"19","author":"LP Crespi","year":"1945","unstructured":"Crespi, L.P.: Public opinion toward conscientious objectors: Ii. measurement of national approval-disapproval. J. Psychol. 19, 209\u2013250 (1945a)","journal-title":"J. Psychol."},{"key":"12_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1945.9917231","volume":"19","author":"LP Crespi","year":"1945","unstructured":"Crespi, L.P.: Public opinion toward conscientious objectors: Iii. intensity of social rejection in stereotype and attitude. J. Psychol. 19, 251\u2013276 (1945b)","journal-title":"J. Psychol."},{"key":"12_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.1952.9919090","volume":"36","author":"RE Bernberg","year":"1952","unstructured":"Bernberg, R.E.: Socio-psychological factors in industrial morale: I. the prediction of specific indicators. J. Soc. Psychol. 36, 73\u201382 (1952)","journal-title":"J. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"12_CR26","first-page":"604","volume":"50","author":"TF Juster","year":"1960","unstructured":"Juster, T.F.: Prediction and consumer buying intentions. Am. Econ. Rev. 50, 604\u2013617 (1960)","journal-title":"Am. Econ. Rev."},{"key":"12_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1966.10480897","volume":"61","author":"TF Juster","year":"1966","unstructured":"Juster, T.F.: Consumer buying intentions and purchase probability: an experiment in survey design. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 61, 658\u2013696 (1966)","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"12_CR28","volume-title":"Introduction to Social Research","author":"ER Babbie","year":"2010","unstructured":"Babbie, E.R.: Introduction to Social Research. Cengage Learning, Wadsworth (2010)"},{"key":"12_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-0355(87)90001-2","volume":"11","author":"HW Marsh","year":"1987","unstructured":"Marsh, H.W.: Students\u2019 evaluations of university teaching: research findings, methodological issues, and directions for future research. Int. J. Educ. Res. 11, 253\u2013388 (1987)","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Res."},{"unstructured":"CNVSU: Proposta di un insieme minimo di domande per la valutazione della didattica da parte degli studenti frequentanti. CNVSU, Doc 09\/02, Rome, Retrieved from http:\/\/www.cnvsu.it (2002). Accessed 28 July 2011","key":"12_CR30"},{"unstructured":"Chiandotto, B., Gola, M.M.: Questionario di base da utilizzare per l\u2019attuazione di un programma per la valutazione della didattica da parte degli studenti. Rapporto finale del gruppo di ricerca (RdR 01\/00), CNVSU, Rome, Retrieved from http:\/\/www.cnvsu.it (2000). Accessed 28 July 2011","key":"12_CR31"},{"unstructured":"Lalla, M., Facchinetti, G.: Measurement and fuzzy scales. In: Atti della XLII Riunione Scientifica: Sessioni Plenarie e Specializzate, pp. 351\u2013362. SIS\u2014University of Bari, Bari, 9\u201311 June 2004","key":"12_CR32"},{"key":"12_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-005-8103-6","volume":"38","author":"M Lalla","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lalla, M., Facchinetti, G., Mastroleo, G.: Ordinal scales and fuzzy set systems to measure agreement: an application to the evaluation of teaching activity. Qual. Quant. 38, 577\u2013601 (2004b)","journal-title":"Qual. Quant."},{"key":"12_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1080\/02602930903428692","volume":"36","author":"M Lalla","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lalla, M., Ferrari, D.: Web-based versus paper-based data collection for the evaluation of teaching activity: empirical evidence from a case study. Assess. Eval. High. Educ. 36, 347\u2013365 (2011)","journal-title":"Assess. Eval. High. Educ."},{"key":"12_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4429-6","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Fuzzy Sets","author":"D Dubois","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dubois, D., Prade, H.: Fundamentals of Fuzzy Sets. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston (2000)"},{"key":"12_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/3071.001.0001","volume-title":"Foundations of Neural Networks, Fuzzy Systems, and Knowledge Engineering","author":"NK Kasabov","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kasabov, N.K.: Foundations of Neural Networks, Fuzzy Systems, and Knowledge Engineering. MIT Press, Cambridge (1996)"},{"key":"12_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-4680-0","volume-title":"Fuzzy Set Analysis for Behavioral and Social Sciences","author":"M Smithson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Smithson, M.: Fuzzy Set Analysis for Behavioral and Social Sciences. Springer, Heidelberg (1987)"},{"key":"12_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(88)90002-4","volume":"26","author":"M Smithson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Smithson, M.: Fuzzy set theory and the social sciences: the scope for applications. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 26, 1\u201321 (1988)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"12_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-5780-1","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Probability: a First Course","author":"A DasGupta","year":"2010","unstructured":"DasGupta, A.: Fundamentals of Probability: a First Course. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)"},{"key":"12_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2004.02.015","volume":"153","author":"P Grzegorzewski","year":"2005","unstructured":"Grzegorzewski, P., Mr\u00f3wka, E.: Trapezoidal approximations of fuzzy numbers. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 153, 115\u2013135 (2005)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"12_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2006.11.015","volume":"158","author":"P Grzegorzewski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grzegorzewski, P., Mr\u00f3wka, E.: Trapezoidal approximations of fuzzy numbers\u2014revisited. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 158, 757\u2013768 (2007)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"12_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2007.12.001","volume":"159","author":"P Grzegorzewski","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grzegorzewski, P.: Trapezoidal approximations of fuzzy numbers preserving the expected interval\u2014algorithms and properties. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 159, 1354\u20131364 (2008)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"12_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fss.2009.05.008","volume":"160","author":"CT Yeh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yeh, C.T.: Weighted trapezoidal and triangular approximations of fuzzy numbers. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 160, 3059\u20133079 (2009)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"unstructured":"INFORM-GmbH: Manual, FuzzyTech Users. Inform Software Corporation (2007)","key":"12_CR44"},{"key":"12_CR45","volume-title":"Fuzzy Logic and NeuroFuzzy Applications in Business and Finance","author":"C Von Altrock","year":"1997","unstructured":"Von Altrock, C.: Fuzzy Logic and NeuroFuzzy Applications in Business and Finance. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River (1997)"},{"key":"12_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-015-8702-0","volume-title":"Fuzzy Set Theory Appl.","author":"HJ Zimmermann","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zimmermann, H.J.: Fuzzy Set Theory Appl. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston (1996)"},{"key":"12_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(97)00337-0","volume":"108","author":"W Van Leekwijck","year":"1999","unstructured":"Van Leekwijck, W., Kerre, E.E.: Defuzzification: criteria and classification. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 108, 159\u2013178 (1999)","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"12_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1004785723554","volume":"34","author":"J Kampen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kampen, J., Swyngedouw, M.: The ordinal controversy revisited. Qual. Quant. 34, 87\u2013102 (2000)","journal-title":"Qual. Quant."},{"key":"12_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1037\/h0063675","volume":"8","author":"FM Lord","year":"1953","unstructured":"Lord, F.M.: On the statistical treatment of football members. Am. Psychol. 8, 750\u2013751 (1953)","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"12_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1080\/00031305.1993.10475938","volume":"47","author":"PF Velleman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Velleman, P.F., Wilkinson, L.: Ordinal, interval, and ratio typologies are misleading. Am. Stat. 47, 65\u201372 (1993)","journal-title":"Am. Stat."},{"unstructured":"Stevens, S.S.: Mathematics, measurement, and psychophysics. In: Stevens, S.S. (ed.) Handbook of Experimental Psychology, pp. 1\u201349. Wiley, New York (1951)","key":"12_CR51"}],"container-title":["Studies in Computational Intelligence","Computational Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-319-26393-9_12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T19:20:48Z","timestamp":1718220048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-319-26393-9_12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]]},"ISBN":["9783319263915","9783319263939"],"references-count":51,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-26393-9_12","relation":{},"ISSN":["1860-949X","1860-9503"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1860-949X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1860-9503"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 November 2015","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"IJCCI","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Joint Conference on Computational Intelligence","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Rome","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Italy","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2014","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"16 October 2014","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"18 October 2014","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"ijcci2014","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"http:\/\/www.ijcci.org","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}}]}}