{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T12:41:49Z","timestamp":1771677709517,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783319399065","type":"print"},{"value":"9783319399072","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-39907-2_14","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,18]],"date-time":"2016-06-18T00:54:06Z","timestamp":1466211246000},"page":"147-155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Exploring Behavioral Methods to Reduce Visually Induced Motion Sickness in Virtual Environments"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Behrang","family":"Keshavarz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"14_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Hecht, H., Lawson, B.D.: Visually induced motion sickness: Characteristics, causes, and countermeasures. In: Hale, K.S., Stanney, K.M. (eds.) Handbook of Virtual Environments: Design, Implementation, and Applications, pp. 648\u2013697. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (2014)","DOI":"10.1201\/b17360-32"},{"key":"14_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1139\/y90-044","volume":"68","author":"CM Oman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Oman, C.M.: Motion sickness: a synthesis and evaluation of the sensory conflict theory. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 68, 294\u2013303 (1990)","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"14_CR3","volume-title":"Motion Sickness","author":"JT Reason","year":"1975","unstructured":"Reason, J.T., Brand, J.J.: Motion Sickness. Academic Press, New York (1975)"},{"key":"14_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hettinger, L.J., Schmidt, T., Jones, D.L., Keshavarz, B.: Illusory self-motion in virtual environments. In: Hale, K.S., Stanney, K.M. (eds.) Handbook of Virtual Environments: Design, Implementation, and Applications, pp. 435\u2013466. CRC Press (2014)","DOI":"10.1201\/b17360-23"},{"key":"14_CR5","first-page":"472","volume":"6","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Riecke, B.E., Hettinger, L.J., Campos, J.L.: Vection and visually induced motion sickness: how are they related? Front Psychol. 6, 472 (2015)","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"14_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326969eco0303_2","volume":"3","author":"GE Riccio","year":"1991","unstructured":"Riccio, G.E., Stoffregen, T.A.: An ecological theory of motion sickness and postural instability. Ecol. Psychol. 3, 195\u2013240 (1991)","journal-title":"Ecol. Psychol."},{"key":"14_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326969eco0303_1","volume":"3","author":"TA Stoffregen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Stoffregen, T.A., Riccio, G.E.: An ecological critique of the sensory conflict theory of motion sickness. Ecol. Psychol. 3, 159\u2013194 (1991)","journal-title":"Ecol. Psychol."},{"key":"14_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1518\/0018720024497745","volume":"44","author":"LJ Smart Jr","year":"2002","unstructured":"Smart Jr, L.J., Stoffregen, T.A., Bardy, B.G.: Visually induced motion sickness predicted by postural instability. Hum. Factors 44, 451\u2013465 (2002)","journal-title":"Hum. Factors"},{"key":"14_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2009.11.006","volume":"41","author":"RS Kennedy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kennedy, R.S., Drexler, J., Kennedy, R.C.: Research in visually induced motion sickness. Appl. Ergon. 41, 494\u2013503 (2010)","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"key":"14_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000163","volume":"28","author":"JF Golding","year":"2015","unstructured":"Golding, J.F., Gresty, M.A.: Pathophysiology and treatment of motion sickness. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 28, 83\u201388 (2015)","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"14_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.2310\/7060.2002.24145","volume":"9","author":"CR Sherman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sherman, C.R.: Motion sickness: review of causes and preventive strategies. J. Travel Med. 9, 251\u2013256 (2002)","journal-title":"J. Travel Med."},{"key":"14_CR12","first-page":"1213","volume":"77","author":"A Shupak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shupak, A., Gordon, C.R.: Motion sickness: advances in pathogenesis, prediction, prevention, and treatment. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 77, 1213\u20131223 (2006)","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"14_CR13","first-page":"222","volume":"67","author":"EC Regan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Regan, E.C., Ramsey, A.D.: The efficacy of hyoscine hydrobromide in reducing side-effects induced during immersion in virtual reality. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 67, 222\u2013226 (1996)","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"14_CR14","first-page":"408","volume":"78","author":"A Estrada","year":"2007","unstructured":"Estrada, A., LeDuc, P.A., Curry, I.P., Phelps, S.E., Fuller, D.R.: Airsickness prevention in helicopter passengers. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 78, 408\u2013413 (2007)","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"14_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G481","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00164.2002","volume":"284","author":"H-C Lien","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lien, H.-C., Sun, W.M., Chen, Y.-H., Kim, H., Hasler, W., Owyang, C.: Effects of ginger on motion sickness and gastric slow-wave dysrhythmias induced by circular vection. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 284, G481\u2013G489 (2003)","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"14_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2009.11.007","volume":"41","author":"JE Bos","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bos, J.E., de Vries, S.C., van Emmerik, M.L., Groen, E.L.: The effect of internal and external fields of view on visually induced motion sickness. Appl. Ergon. 41, 516\u2013521 (2010)","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"key":"14_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.displa.2011.05.009","volume":"32","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Hecht, H., Zschutschke, L.: Intra-visual conflict in visually induced motion sickness. Displays 32, 181\u2013188 (2011)","journal-title":"Displays"},{"key":"14_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.12.041","volume":"379","author":"H Akizuki","year":"2005","unstructured":"Akizuki, H., Uno, A., Arai, K., Morioka, S., Ohyama, S., Nishiike, S., Tamura, K., Takeda, N.: Effects of immersion in virtual reality on postural control. Neurosci. Lett. 379, 23\u201326 (2005)","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"14_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1518\/001872001775992552","volume":"43","author":"MH Draper","year":"2001","unstructured":"Draper, M.H., Viirre, E.S., Furness, T.A., Gawron, V.J.: Effects of image scale and system time delay on simulator sickness within head-coupled virtual environments. Hum. Factors J. Hum. Factors Ergon Soc. 43, 129\u2013146 (2001)","journal-title":"Hum. Factors J. Hum. Factors Ergon Soc."},{"key":"14_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1518\/001872006778606877","volume":"48","author":"R Patterson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Patterson, R., Winterbottom, M.D., Pierce, B.J.: Perceptual issues in the use of head-mounted visual displays. Hum. Factors 48, 555\u2013573 (2006)","journal-title":"Hum. Factors"},{"key":"14_CR21","first-page":"1099","volume":"76","author":"B Cheung","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cheung, B., Hofer, K.: Desensitization to strong vestibular stimuli improves tolerance to simulated aircraft motion. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 76, 1099\u20131104 (2005)","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"14_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.12.039","volume":"53","author":"JE Domeyer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Domeyer, J.E., Cassavaugh, N.D., Backs, R.W.: The use of adaptation to reduce simulator sickness in driving assessment and research. Accid. Anal. Prev. 53, 127\u2013132 (2013)","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"14_CR23","first-page":"53","volume":"62","author":"SQ Hu","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hu, S.Q., Stern, R.M., Koch, K.L.: Effects of pre-exposures to a rotating optokinetic drum on adaptation to motion sickness. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 62, 53\u201356 (1991)","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"14_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-9382(00)00029-9","volume":"21","author":"K Hill","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hill, K., Howarth, P.: Habituation to the side effects of immersion in a virtual environment. Displays 21, 25\u201330 (2000)","journal-title":"Displays"},{"key":"14_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.displa.2007.09.003","volume":"29","author":"H Ujike","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ujike, H., Ukai, K., Nihei, K.: Survey on motion sickness-like symptoms provoked by viewing a video movie during junior high school class. Displays 29, 81\u201389 (2008)","journal-title":"Displays"},{"key":"14_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1518\/001872008X250755","volume":"50","author":"TA Stoffregen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stoffregen, T.A., Faugloire, E., Yoshida, K., Flanagan, M.B., Merhi, O.: Motion sickness and postural sway in console video games. Hum. Factors J. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc. 50, 322\u2013331 (2008)","journal-title":"Hum. Factors J. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc."},{"key":"14_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2006.03.001","volume":"25","author":"CT Bonnet","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bonnet, C.T., Faugloire, E., Riley, M.A., Bardy, B.G., Stoffregen, T.A.: Motion sickness preceded by unstable displacements of the center of pressure. Hum. Mov. Sci. 25, 800\u2013820 (2006)","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"14_CR28","first-page":"206","volume":"62","author":"JR Lackner","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lackner, J.R., DiZio, P.: Decreased susceptibility to motion sickness during exposure to visual inversion in microgravity. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 62, 206\u2013211 (1991)","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"14_CR29","first-page":"996","volume":"71","author":"KL Mills","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mills, K.L., Griffin, M.J.: Effect of seating, vision and direction of horizontal oscillation on motion sickness. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 71, 996\u20131002 (2000)","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"14_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-013-3609-y","volume":"229","author":"C-H Chang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chang, C.-H., Pan, W.-W., Chen, F.-C., Stoffregen, T.A.: Console video games, postural activity, and motion sickness during passive restraint. Exp. Brain Res. 229, 235\u2013242 (2013)","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"14_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931215591238","volume":"59","author":"Behrang Keshavarz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Novak, A.C., Hettinger, L.J., Stoffregen, T.A., Campos, J.L.: The role of age and postural stability for visually induced motion sickness in a simulated driving task. Proc. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc. Annu. Meet. 59, 770\u2013770 (2015)","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting"},{"key":"14_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2013.07.009","volume":"45","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Hecht, H.: Pleasant music as a countermeasure against visually induced motion sickness. Appl. Ergon. 45, 521\u2013527 (2014)","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"key":"14_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-015-4209-9","volume":"233","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Stelzmann, D., Paillard, A., Hecht, H.: Visually induced motion sickness can be alleviated by pleasant odors. Exp. Brain Res. 233, 1353\u20131364 (2015)","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"14_CR34","unstructured":"D\u2019Amour, S., Campos, J.L., Keshavarz, B.: The efficacy of airflow and seat vibration on reducing visually induced motion sickness. In: Lake Ontario Visionary Conference (L.O.V.E.), Niagara Falls, ON (2016)"},{"key":"14_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720811403736","volume":"53","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Hecht, H.: Validating an efficient method to quantify motion sickness. Hum. Factors J. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc. 53, 415\u2013426 (2011)","journal-title":"Hum. Factors J. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc."},{"key":"14_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1162\/PRES_a_00102","volume":"21","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Hecht, H.: Stereoscopic viewing enhances visually induced motion sickness but sound does not. Presence 21, 213\u2013228 (2012)","journal-title":"Presence"},{"key":"14_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1177\/1071181312561354","volume":"56","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Hecht, H.: Visually induced motion sickness and presence in videogames: The role of sound. Proc. Hum. Factors Ergon Soc. Annu. Meet. 56, 1763\u20131767 (2012)","journal-title":"Proc. Hum. Factors Ergon Soc. Annu. Meet."},{"key":"14_CR38","first-page":"351","volume":"73","author":"NA Webb","year":"2002","unstructured":"Webb, N.A., Griffin, M.J.: Optokinetic stimuli: motion sickness, visual acuity, and eye movements. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 73, 351\u2013358 (2002)","journal-title":"Aviat. Space Environ. Med."},{"key":"14_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1177\/1071181311551254","volume":"55","author":"JX Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang, J.X., Guo, C.T., So, R.H.Y., Cheung, R.T.F.: Effects of eye fixation on visually induced motion sickness are they caused by changes in retinal slip velocity? proc. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc. Annu. Meet. 55, 1220\u20131224 (2011)","journal-title":"Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc. Annu. Meet."},{"key":"14_CR40","unstructured":"Curry, R., Artz, B., Cathey, L., Grant, P., Greenberg, J.: Kennedy SSQ results: fixed vs. motion-base ford simulators. In: Proceedings of the Driving Simulation Conference Europe 2002, pp. 289\u2013300 (2002)"},{"key":"14_CR41","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Ramkhalawansingh, R., Haycock, B., Shahab, S., Campos, J.L.: The role of multisensory inputs on simulator sickness in younger and older adults during a simulated driving task. In: Proceedings of the Driving Simulation Conference Europe 2015, Tuebingen, Germany, pp. 239\u2013240 (2015)"},{"key":"14_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-150555","volume":"25","author":"JE Bos","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bos, J.E.: Less sickness with more motion and\/or mental distraction. J. Vestib. Res. Equilib. Orientat. 25, 23\u201333 (2015)","journal-title":"J. Vestib. Res. Equilib. Orientat."}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-319-39907-2_14","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T00:56:35Z","timestamp":1594342595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-319-39907-2_14"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"ISBN":["9783319399065","9783319399072"],"references-count":42,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-39907-2_14","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 June 2016","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}