{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T17:27:52Z","timestamp":1771954072367,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783319403182","type":"print"},{"value":"9783319403205","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-40320-5_5","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T16:01:09Z","timestamp":1475337669000},"page":"51-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Role of Endothelial Cells and Fibroblasts in Multiple Myeloma Angiogenic Switch"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Domenico","family":"Ribatti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Vacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"5_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2005.02.013","volume":"7","author":"F Balkwill","year":"2005","unstructured":"Balkwill F, Charles KA, Mantovani A (2005) Smoldering and polarized inflammation in the initiation and promotion of malignant disease. Cancer Cell 7:211\u2013217","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"5_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04046-0","volume":"357","author":"F Balkwill","year":"2001","unstructured":"Balkwill F, Mantovani A (2001) Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow? Lancet 357:539\u2013545","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-012-1445-y","volume":"91","author":"G Barosi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barosi G, Merlini G, Billio A et al (2012) SIE, SIES, GIT MO evidence-based guidelines on novel agents (thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenalidomide) in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Ann Hematol 91:875\u2013888","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"5_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2011.412","volume":"31","author":"S Berardi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Berardi S, Caivano A, Ria R et al (2012) Four proteins governing overangiogenic endothelial cell phenotype in patients with multiple myeloma are plausible therapeutic targets. Oncogene 31:2258\u20132269","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"4","key":"5_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1886","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001886","volume":"3","author":"L Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen L, Tredget EE, Wu PYG et al (2008) Paracrine factors of mesenchymal stem cells recruit macrophages and endothelial lineage cells and enhance wound healing. PLoS ONE 3(4):e1886","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-011-9340-x","volume":"31","author":"P Cirri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cirri P, Chiarugi P (2012) Cancer-associated-fibroblasts and tumour cells: a diabolic liaison driving cancer progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 31:195\u2013208","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"5_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-10-116590","volume":"112","author":"AM Coluccia","year":"2008","unstructured":"Coluccia AM, Cirulli T, Neri T et al (2008) Validation of PDGFR\u03b2 and C-Src tyrosine kinases as tumor\/vessel targets in patients with multiple myeloma: preclinical efficacy of the novel, orally available inihibitor dasatinib. Blood 112:1346\u20131356","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"5_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V98.1.210","volume":"98","author":"FE Davies","year":"2001","unstructured":"Davies FE, Raje N, Hideshima T et al (2001) Thalidomide and immunomodulatory derivatives augment natural killer cell cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma. Blood 98:210\u2013216","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"5_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dimopoulos S, Spencer A, Attal M et al (2007) Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 357:2123\u20132132","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070594"},{"key":"5_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dimopoulos MA, Kastritis E, Christoulas D et al (2010) Treatment of patients with relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma with lenalidomide and dexametasone with or without bortezomib: prospective evaluation of the impact of cytogenetic abnormalities and of previous therapies. Leukemia 24:1769\u20131778","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2010.175"},{"key":"5_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2005.01.002","volume":"69","author":"K Dredge","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dredge K, Horsfall R, Robinson SP et al (2005) Orally administered lenalidomide (CC-5013) is anti angiogenic in vivo and inhibits endothelial cell migration and Akt phosphorylation in vitro. Microvasc Res 69:56\u201363","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"key":"5_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2004.01622.x","volume":"54","author":"W Du","year":"2004","unstructured":"Du W, Hattori Y, Hashiquuchi A et al (2004) Tumor angiogenesis in the bone marrow of multiple myeloma patients and its alterations by thalidomide treatment. Pathol Int 54:285\u2013294","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"issue":"22","key":"5_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5796","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-0847","volume":"20","author":"A Ferrucci","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ferrucci A, Moschetta A, Frassanito MA et al (2014) A HGF\/cMET autocrine loop is operative in multiple myeloma bone marrow endothelial cells and may represent a novel therapeutic target. Clin Cancer Res 20(22):5796\u20135807","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"5_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2009.10.010","volume":"21","author":"OE Franco","year":"2010","unstructured":"Franco OE, Shaw AK, Strand DW et al (2010) Cancer associated fibroblasts in cancer pathogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 21:33\u201339","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"5_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.254","volume":"28","author":"MA Frassanito","year":"2014","unstructured":"Frassanito MA, Rao L, Moschetta M et al (2014) Bone marrow fibroblasts parallel multiple myeloma progression in patients and mice: in vitro and in vivo studies. Leukemia 28:904\u2013916","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"5_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-04-279893","volume":"116","author":"G G\u00f6rg\u03cbn","year":"2010","unstructured":"G\u00f6rg\u03cbn G, Calabrese E, Soydan E et al (2010) Immunomodulatory effects of lenalidomide and pomalidomide on interaction of tumor and bone marrow accessory cells in multiple myeloma. Blood 116:3227\u20133237","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"5_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23164","volume":"87","author":"HJ Henk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Henk HJ, Teitelbaum A, Perez JR et al (2012) Persistency with zoledronic acid is associated with clinical benefit in patients with multiple myeloma. Am J Hematol 87:490\u2013495","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"5_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8386","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207170","volume":"22","author":"T Hideshima","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hideshima T, Chauhan D, Hayashi T et al (2003) Proteasome inhibitor PS-341 abrogates IL-6 triggered signaling cascades via caspase-dependent downregulation of gp130 in multiple myeloma. Oncogene 22:8386\u20138393","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"5_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2189","volume":"8","author":"T Hideshima","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hideshima T, Mitsiades C, Tonon G et al (2007) Understanding multiple myeloma pathogenesis in the bone marrow to identify new therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Cancer 8:585\u2013598","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"5_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2004.05.016","volume":"64","author":"GR Jian","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jian GR, Chunfa J, Conove T (2005) How PEDF prevents angiogenesis: a hypothesized pathway. Med Hypothesis 64:74\u201378","journal-title":"Med Hypothesis"},{"key":"5_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1877","volume":"6","author":"R Kalluri","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kalluri R, Zeisberg M (2006) Fibroblasts in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 6:392\u20133401","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"5_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30563","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030563","volume":"7","author":"S Kidd","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kidd S, Spaeth E, Watson K et al (2012) Origins of the tumor microenvironment: quantitative assessment of adipose-derived and bone marrow-derived stroma. PLoS ONE 7(2):e30563","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2 Suppl 7","key":"5_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2004.03.041","volume":"31","author":"C-H Koehne","year":"2004","unstructured":"Koehne C-H, Dubois RN (2004) COX-2 inhibition and colorectal cancer. Semin Oncol 31(2 Suppl 7):12\u201321","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"5_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00025.2005","volume":"20","author":"H-G Kopp","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kopp H-G, Avecilla ST, Hooper AT, Rafii S (2005) The bone marrow vascular niche: home of HSC differentiation and mobilization. Physiology (Bethesda) 20:349\u2013356","journal-title":"Physiology (Bethesda)"},{"key":"5_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-006-9022-7","volume":"24","author":"MJ Kovacs","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kovacs MJ, Reece DE, Marcellus D et al (2006) A phase II study of ZD6474 (Zactima), a selective inhibitor of VEGFR and EGFR tyrosine kinase in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma. Invest New Durgs 24:529\u2013535","journal-title":"Invest New Durgs"},{"key":"5_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3262","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205316","volume":"21","author":"DS Krause","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krause DS (2002) Regulation of hematopoietic stem cell fate. Oncogene 21:3262\u20133269","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"5_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2006.05.018","volume":"100","author":"J Loflin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Loflin J, Lopez N, Whanger PD et al (2006) Selenoprotein W during development and oxidative stress. J Inorg Biochem 100:1679\u20131884","journal-title":"J Inorg Biochem"},{"key":"5_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2008.08.003","volume":"77","author":"L Lu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lu L, Payvandi F, Wu L et al (2009) The anti-cancer drug lenalidomide inhibits angiogenesis and metastasis via multiple inhibitory effects on endothelial cell function in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Microvasc Res 77:78\u201386","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"5_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-2381","volume":"17","author":"A Luisi De","year":"2011","unstructured":"De Luisi A, Ferrucci A, Coluccia AM et al (2011) Lenalidomide restrains motility and overangiogenic potential of bone marrow endothelial cells in patients with active multiple myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 17(7):1935\u20131946","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"5_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2008.00152.x","volume":"12","author":"D Mangieri","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mangieri D, Nico B, Benagiano V et al (2008) Angiogenic activity of multiple myeloma endothelial cells in vivo in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay is associated to a down-regulation in the expression of endogenous endostatin. J Cell Mol Med 12:1023\u20131028","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"5_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4525","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.12.4525","volume":"99","author":"N Mitsiades","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mitsiades N, Mitsiades CS, Poulaki V et al (2002) Apoptotic signaling induced by immunomodulatory thalidomide analogs in human multiple myeloma cells: therapeutic implications. Blood 99:4525\u20134530","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"5_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13957","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M511763200","volume":"281","author":"Y Mizukami","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mizukami Y, Fujiki K, Duerr EM et al (2006) Hypoxic regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor through the induction of phosphatidylinositol3-kinase\/Rho\/ROCK and c-Myc. J Biol Chem 281:13957\u201313963","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"5_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5374","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-11-392522","volume":"119","author":"GJ Morgan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morgan GJ, Davies FE, Gregory WM et al (2012) Effects of induction and maintenance plus long-term bisphosphonates on bone disease in patients with multiple myeloma: MRC Myeloma IX trial. Blood 119:5374\u20135383","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"5_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.10.019","volume":"46","author":"M Moschetta","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moschetta M, Di Pietro G, Ria R et al (2010) Bortezomib and zoledronic acid on angiogenic and vasculogenic activities of bone marrow macrophages in patients with multiple myeloma. Eur J Cancer 46:420\u2013429","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"5_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.02.034","volume":"121","author":"A Orimo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Orimo A, Gupta PB, Sgroi DC et al (2005) Stromal fibroblasts present in invasive human breast carcinomas promote tumor growth and angiogenesis through elevated SDF-1\/CXCL12 secretion. Cell 121:335\u2013348","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"5_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2005.05443.x","volume":"129","author":"A Pellegrino","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pellegrino A, Ria R, Di Pietro G et al (2005) Bone marrow endothelial cells in multiple myeloma secrete CXC chemokines that mediate interactions with plasma cells. Br J Haematol 129:248\u2013256","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"5_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19478","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0609329103","volume":"103","author":"K Podar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Podar K, Tonon G, Sattler M et al (2006) The small molecule VEGF receptor inhibitor pazopanib (GW 786034B) targets both tumor and endothelial cells in multiple myeloma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:19478\u201319483","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"5_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4819","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-02-207209","volume":"113","author":"HM Prince","year":"2009","unstructured":"Prince HM, Hanemann D, Spencer A et al (2009) Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition is not an effective therapeutic strategy for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a phase 2 study of pazopanib (GW 786034). Blood 113:4819\u20134820","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"5_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2009.02.005","volume":"46","author":"SV Rajkumar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rajkumar SV, Sonneveld P (2009) Front-line treatment in younger patients with multiple myeloma. Semin Hematol 46:118\u2013126","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"key":"5_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2009.403","volume":"29","author":"V Ramakrishnan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ramakrishnan V, Timm M, Haug JL et al (2010) Sorafenib, a dual rafkinase\/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor has significantly anti-myleoma activity and synergizes with common anti-myeloma drugs. Oncogene 29:1190\u20131202","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"5_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2010.04.032","volume":"316","author":"K Rasanen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rasanen K, Vaheri A (2010) Activation of fibroblasts in cancer stroma. Exp Cell Res 316:2713\u20132722","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"5_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-4071","volume":"14","author":"R Ria","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ria R, Piccoli C, Cirulli T et al (2008) Endothelial differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells from patients with multiple myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 14:1678\u20131685","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"5_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5369","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-09-0040","volume":"15","author":"R Ria","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ria R, Todoerti K, Berardi S et al (2009) Gene expression profiling of bone marrow endothelial cells in patients with multiple myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 15:5369\u20135378","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"5_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2013.05.003","volume":"152","author":"D Ribatti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ribatti D (2013) Mast cells and macrophages exert beneficial and detrimental effects on tumor progression and angiogenesis. Immunol Lett 152:83\u201388","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"5_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2404402","volume":"21","author":"D Ribatti","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ribatti D, Nico B, Crivellato E et al (2007) The history of the angiogenic switch concept. Leukemia 21:44\u201352","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"5_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4257","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209456","volume":"25","author":"D Ribatti","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ribatti D, Nico B, Vacca A (2006) Importance of the bone marrow microenvironment in inducing the angiogenic response in multiple myeloma. Oncogene 25:4257\u20134266","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"5_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403852","volume":"19","author":"D Ribatti","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ribatti D, Vacca A (2005) Therapeutic renaissance of thalidomide in the treatment of haematological malignancies. Leukemia 19:1525\u20131531","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"5_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2009.55","volume":"23","author":"D Ribatti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ribatti D, Vacca A (2009) The role of monocytes-macrophages in vasculogenesis in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 23:1535\u20131536","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"5_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-1195","volume":"66","author":"AM Roccaro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Roccaro AM, Hideshima T, Raje N et al (2006) Bortezomib mediates antiangiogenesis in multiple myeloma via direct and indirect effects on endothelial cells. Cancer Res 66:184\u2013191","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"5_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3256","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-07-0311","volume":"6","author":"C Scavelli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Scavelli C, Di Pietro G, Cirulli T et al (2007) Zoledronic acid affects over-angiogenic phenotype of endothelial cells in patients with multiple myeloma. Mol Cancer Ther 6:3256\u20133262","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"5_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2009.10.002","volume":"21","author":"M Shimoda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shimoda M, Mellody KT, Orimo A (2010) Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts are a rate-limiting determinant for tumour progression. Semin Cell Dev Biol 21:19\u201325","journal-title":"Semin Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"5_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2011.08623.x","volume":"154","author":"G Somlo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Somlo G, Lashkari A, Bellamy W et al (2011) Phase II randomized trial of bevacizumab versus bevacizumab and thalidomide for replasped\/refractory multiple myeloma: a Californnia Cancer Consortium trial. Br J Haematol 154:533\u2013535","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4992","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004992","volume":"4","author":"EL Spaeth","year":"2009","unstructured":"Spaeth EL, Dembinski JL, Sasser AK et al (2009) Mesenchymal stem cell transition to tumor associated fibroblasts contributes to fibrovascular network expansion and tumor progression. PLoS ONE 4(4):e4992","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"5_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2404067","volume":"20","author":"A Vacca","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vacca A, Ribatti D (2006) Bone marrow angiogenesis in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 20:193\u2013199","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"5_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5534","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.723","volume":"23","author":"A Vacca","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vacca A, Scavelli C, Montefusco V et al (2005) Thalidomide downregulates angiogenic genes in bone marrow endothelial cells of patients with active multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol 23:5534\u20135546","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"5_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3340","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-04-1338","volume":"102","author":"A Vacca","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vacca A, Semeraro F, Merchionne F et al (2003) Endothelial cells in the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma. Blood 102:3340\u20133348","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"5_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2010.488709","volume":"51","author":"R Vij","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vij R, Ansstas G, Mosley JC et al (2010) Efficacy and tolerability of PTK787\/ZK222584 in a phase II study of post-transplant maintenance therapy in patients with multiple myeloma following high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant. Leuk Lymphoma 51:1577\u20131579","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"5_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0402-349","volume":"8","author":"OV Volpert","year":"2002","unstructured":"Volpert OV, Zaichuk T, Zhow W et al (2002) Inducer-stimulated Fas targets activated endothelium for destruction by antiangiogenic thrombospondin-1 and pigment epithelium derived factor. Nat Med 8:349\u2013357","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"5_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6848","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205868","volume":"21","author":"J Vos De","year":"2002","unstructured":"De Vos J, Thykjaer T, Tarte K et al (2002) Comparison of gene expression profiling between malignant and normal plasma cells with oligonucleotide arrays. Oncogene 21:6848\u20136857","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"5_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4445","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-02-141614","volume":"112","author":"M Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang M, Dimopoulos MA, Chen C et al (2008) Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone is more effective than dexamethasone alone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma regardless of prior thalidomide exposure. Blood 112:4445\u20134451","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"5_CR61","first-page":"3660","volume":"9","author":"L Wang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wang L, Hoque A, Luo RZ et al (2003) Loss of the expression of the tumor suppressor gene ARHI is associated with progression of breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 9:3660\u20133666","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"5_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070596","volume":"357","author":"DM Weber","year":"2007","unstructured":"Weber DM, Chen C, Niesvizky R et al (2007) Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone for relapsed multiple myeloma in North America. N Engl J Med 357:2133\u20132142","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2013.12.009","volume":"25","author":"O Wever De","year":"2014","unstructured":"De Wever O, Van Bockstal M, Mareel M et al (2014) Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts provide operational flexibility in metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 25:33\u201346","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"key":"5_CR64","first-page":"835","volume":"2","author":"S Williams","year":"2003","unstructured":"Williams S, Pettaway C, Song R et al (2003) Differential effects of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib on apoptosis and angiogenesis in human prostate tumor xenografts. Mol Cancer Ther 2:835\u2013843","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"5_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9093","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1779","volume":"6","author":"A Wilson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wilson A, Trumpp A (2006) Bone-marrow haematopoietic-stem-cell niches. Nat Rev Immunol 6:9093\u20139106","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"5_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5379.998","volume":"281","author":"MX Wu","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wu MX, Ao Z, Prasad KV et al (1998) IEX-1L, an apoptosis inhibitor involved in NF kB-mediated cell survival. Science 281:998\u20131001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"5_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-0221-3","volume":"10","author":"M Zangari","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zangari M, Anaissie E, Stopeck A et al (2004) Phase II study of SU5416, a small molecule vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor in patients with refractory multiple myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 10:88\u201395","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"}],"container-title":["Cancer Treatment and Research","Plasma Cell Dyscrasias"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-319-40320-5_5","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T09:13:17Z","timestamp":1692522797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-319-40320-5_5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"ISBN":["9783319403182","9783319403205"],"references-count":67,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-40320-5_5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0927-3042","2509-8497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0927-3042","type":"print"},{"value":"2509-8497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}